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WASHINGTON, Nov. 18 (Xinhua) -- The U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) on Friday approved Erwinaze to treat patients with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL), who have developed an allergy1 to E. coli derived2 asparaginase and pegapargase chemotherapy drugs used to treat ALL.
Acute lymphoblastic leukemia is a type of cancer in which the bone marrow3 makes too many lymphocytes, a type of white blood cell. White blood cells help the body fight infection and are formed in the bone marrow.
Erwinaze is injected directly into the muscle three times a week and works by breaking down one of the body's protein building blocks (the amino acid, asparagine) that is present in the blood, and is necessary for the growth of all cells. Leukemia cells cannot produce this protein building block. When a patient is treated with Erwinaze the leukemia cells die. Normal human cells are able to make enough asparagine for their own needs through biosynthesis and will not be affected4 by treatment with Erwinaze.
"The approval of Erwinaze underscores the FDA's commitment to the approval of drugs for conditions with limited patient populations with unmet medical needs using novel trial endpoints," said Richard Pazdur, director of the Office of Hematology and Oncology Products in the FDA's Center for Drug Evaluation5 and Research.
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1 allergy | |
n.(因食物、药物等而引起的)过敏症 | |
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2 derived | |
vi.起源;由来;衍生;导出v.得到( derive的过去式和过去分词 );(从…中)得到获得;源于;(从…中)提取 | |
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3 marrow | |
n.骨髓;精华;活力 | |
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4 affected | |
adj.不自然的,假装的 | |
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5 evaluation | |
n.估价,评价;赋值 | |
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6 allergic | |
adj.过敏的,变态的 | |
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7 enzymes | |
n. 酶,酵素 | |
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8 clotting | |
v.凝固( clot的现在分词 );烧结 | |
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9 nausea | |
n.作呕,恶心;极端的憎恶(或厌恶) | |
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10 vomiting | |
吐 | |
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