母亲超重 宝宝个头大

 WASHINGTON, March 15 (Xinhua) -- Mothers who are overweight or obese¹ during pregnancy² are more likely to give birth to bigger babies, new research suggested Tuesday.

The study, published in the Journal of the American Medical Association, also found that mothers with higher blood sugar tend to have larger babies, even within a healthy range.

Conversely, having higher blood pressure in pregnancy causes babies to be smaller, according to the study led by the universities of Exeter and Bristol.

Overweight mothers tend to have bigger babies: <a href=http://www.hxen.com target=_blank class=infotextkey>study</a>

"Being born very large or very small can carry health risks for a newborn baby, particularly when that's at the extreme end of the spectrum," Rachel Freathy, of the University of Exeter Medical School, who co-led the study, said in a statement.

"Higher and lower birth weights are also associated with diseases such as Type 2 diabetes³ later on in life. Understanding which characteristics of a mother influence the birth weight of her offspring, may eventually help us to tailor management of a healthy pregnancy and reduce the number of babies born too large or too small."The researchers used data from more than 30,000 healthy women and their babies across 18 studies.

They examined genetic⁴ variants⁵ associated with mothers' body mass index, blood sugar, lipid or fat levels and blood pressure, along with measurements of those characteristics in pregnancy and the weight of all the babies at birth.

All the women had European ancestry⁶ and were living in Europe, America or Australia. Babies born between 1929 and 2013 were included in the study.

"A lot of research into pregnancy and birth weight has been based on observation, but this can make it very difficult to determine what is cause and what is effect, creating a confusing picture for mothers, clinicians and healthcare workers," Jess Tyrrell of the University of Exeter Medical School, co-lead author of the paper, said.

"Our genetic method is more robust⁷, giving clear evidence that mothers' weight, glucose⁸ and blood pressure affect the size of the baby."Interestingly, even though being overweight or obese is usually associated with having a higher blood pressure, the researchers found that higher blood pressure causes babies to be born smaller, suggesting that there are complicated factors affecting growth in the womb.

In addition, the research found that mothers' blood lipids, or levels of fat, which are also related to being overweight, did not seem important in determining the baby's size.

Next, the researchers will work to answer the next important question about whether the effects of mothers' weight, glucose and blood pressure on their babies weight at birth has a lasting⁹ effect as their children grow and become adults themselves.

 

1 obese   

adj.过度肥胖的，肥大的

参考例句：

• The old man is really obese,it can't be healthy.那位老人确实过于肥胖了，不能算是健康。
• Being obese and lazy is dangerous to health.又胖又懒危害健康。

2 pregnancy   

n.怀孕，怀孕期

参考例句：

• Early pregnancy is often accompanied by nausea.怀孕早期常有恶心的现象。
• Smoking during pregnancy increases the risk of miscarriage.怀孕期吸烟会增加流产的危险。

3 diabetes   

n.糖尿病

参考例句：

• In case of diabetes, physicians advise against the use of sugar.对于糖尿病患者，医生告诫他们不要吃糖。
• Diabetes is caused by a fault in the insulin production of the body.糖尿病是由体內胰岛素分泌失调引起的。

4 genetic   

adj.遗传的，遗传学的

参考例句：

• It's very difficult to treat genetic diseases.遗传性疾病治疗起来很困难。
• Each daughter cell can receive a full complement of the genetic information.每个子细胞可以收到遗传信息的一个完全补偿物。

5 variants   

n.变体( variant的名词复数 )；变种；变型；（词等的）变体

参考例句：

• Those variants will be preserved in the'struggle for existence". 这些变异将在“生存竞争”中被保留下来。 来自辞典例句
• Like organisms, viruses have variants, generally called strains. 与其他生物一样，病毒也有变种，一般称之为株系。 来自辞典例句

6 ancestry   

n.祖先，家世

参考例句：

• Their ancestry settled the land in 1856.他们的祖辈1856年在这块土地上定居下来。
• He is an American of French ancestry.他是法国血统的美国人。

7 robust   

adj.强壮的，强健的，粗野的，需要体力的，浓的

参考例句：

• She is too tall and robust.她个子太高，身体太壮。
• China wants to keep growth robust to reduce poverty and avoid job losses,AP commented.美联社评论道，中国希望保持经济强势增长，以减少贫困和失业状况。

8 glucose   

n.葡萄糖

参考例句：

• I gave him an extra dose of glucose to pep him up.我给他多注射了一剂葡萄糖以增强他的活力。
• The doctor injected glucose into his patient's veins.医生将葡萄糖注入病人的静脉。

9 lasting   

adj.永久的，永恒的；vbl.持续，维持

参考例句：

• The lasting war debased the value of the dollar.持久的战争使美元贬值。
• We hope for a lasting settlement of all these troubles.我们希望这些纠纷能获得永久的解决。