时空旅行可以实现? 科学家们来告诉你!

 Time travel is a familiar subject of science fiction and fantasy stories, from H.G. Wells to Rod Serling to Hot Tub Time Machine. But could time travel ever be possible in real life? And, if so, how would humans even handle a technology with such great capacity for destruction?

从科幻作家赫伯特·乔治·威尔斯到编剧罗德·瑟林再到科幻喜剧《热浴盆时光机》，时空旅行一直是科幻小说和奇幻故事中熟悉的主题。但时空旅行究竟能否在现实生活中真正实现？如果真的可以实现，那么人类将如何处理一项拥有如此巨大破坏力的技术呢？

Some scientists say time travel is theoretically possible, at least if you want to jump ahead to the future, but don't start saving up for a time machine just yet. As physicist¹ Paul Davies explained for CNN in 2013, "Over a century ago, Albert Einstein showed that time is intrinsically elastic², capable of being stretched or shrunk by motion."

一些科学家认为，时空旅行从理论上是可以实现的，起码如果你想去往将来还是可以的。但是也不要从现在开始就攒钱买一台时光机。正如物理学家保罗·戴维斯于2013年在CNN中所解释的那样：“一百年以前，埃尔伯特·爱因斯坦证明：时间从本质上来讲是具有弹性的，能够受运动影响而扩展或收缩。”

时空旅行可以实现? 科学家们来告诉你!

Essentially³ the closer you're going to the speed of light, the slower time moves. "Fly to the star Vega, 25 light years away, and back again at 99% of the speed of light, and when you return to Earth in 2062, you will have experienced only seven years' travel time in the spacecraft. In effect, you will have leaped 42 years into Earth's future," Davies wrote.

从本质上来讲，你的速度越是接近光速，时间移动地相对也就越慢。戴维斯写道：“假如你想要飞到二十五光年之外的织女星，然后再以99%光速的速度回到地球。那么当你回到地球时，大约已经是2062年了，这仅仅相当于你在宇宙飞船内停留7年的时间。换句话说，你将跨越了42年的时间，来到了地球的未来时空。”

So if you were to, theoretically, take a trip in a super-fast spaceship, you might feel (and look) as though only a few years had passed, but when you arrived back on Earth, decades would have passed and all your friends and family would be dead and gone. Time travel!

从理论上来讲，如果你乘着超快速宇宙飞船去太空旅行，你可能会感觉到时间仅仅过了几年。不过当你回到地球之后，实际上几十年已经过去了，你的家人或朋友很可能已经不在人世了。这就是所谓的时空旅行！

But what about going backwards⁴? Could it ever be possible to pop back in time and stop bad things from happening and good people from dying? Theoretically, if you were to travel faster than the speed of light, you would be moving backwards in time, according to one hypothesis LiveScience reported.

那么如果想要回到过去呢？有没有可能使人类回到过去，从而阻止那些不好的事情发生，使那些善良的人们免于死亡？根据《生活科学》中曾提出的一个假说，从理论上来讲，只有当你运动的速度能够超越光速，你才有可能引起时光倒流，回到过去。

But most scientists believe that nothing can actually travel faster than light, and, if you could go back in time, messing with the past would create all kinds of unsolvable paradoxes⁶, like the Grandfather Paradox⁵.

但大多数科学家都认为，没有任何物体的运动速度可以超越光速。并且，如果人类能够回到过去，和过去纠缠不清，就可能引发一系列不易解决的问题和矛盾。比如“祖父悖论”。

Although some theories have attempted to propose workarounds for these inconvenient⁷ time-travel problems, it remains⁸ a pretty widely held belief that traveling backwards in time isn't possible for us humans. After all, as physicist Stephen Hawking⁹ said in his book A Brief History of Time, "If time travel is possible, where are the tourists from the future?"

尽管一些理论已经尝试着为这些复杂的时空旅行问题提供了一些替代解决办法，但大多数意见还是认为回到过去是人类不可能实现的一个梦想。毕竟，正如著名物理学家斯蒂芬·霍金在他的《时间简史》中提到的那样：“如果时空旅行可能实现，那些从未来穿梭到现今世界的旅行者们又在哪里呢？”

1 physicist   

n.物理学家，研究物理学的人

参考例句：

• He is a physicist of the first rank.他是一流的物理学家。
• The successful physicist never puts on airs.这位卓有成就的物理学家从不摆架子。

2 elastic   

n.橡皮圈，松紧带；adj.有弹性的；灵活的

参考例句：

• Rubber is an elastic material.橡胶是一种弹性材料。
• These regulations are elastic.这些规定是有弹性的。

3 essentially   

adv.本质上，实质上，基本上

参考例句：

• Really great men are essentially modest.真正的伟人大都很谦虚。
• She is an essentially selfish person.她本质上是个自私自利的人。

4 backwards   

adv.往回地，向原处，倒，相反，前后倒置地

参考例句：

• He turned on the light and began to pace backwards and forwards.他打开电灯并开始走来走去。
• All the girls fell over backwards to get the party ready.姑娘们迫不及待地为聚会做准备。

5 paradox   

n.似乎矛盾却正确的说法；自相矛盾的人(物)

参考例句：

• The story contains many levels of paradox.这个故事存在多重悖论。
• The paradox is that Japan does need serious education reform.矛盾的地方是日本确实需要教育改革。

6 paradoxes   

n.似非而是的隽语，看似矛盾而实际却可能正确的说法( paradox的名词复数 )；用于语言文学中的上述隽语；有矛盾特点的人[事物，情况]

参考例句：

• Contradictions and paradoxes arose in increasing numbers. 矛盾和悖论越来越多。 来自辞典例句
• As far as these paradoxes are concerned, the garden definitely a heterotopia. 就这些吊诡性而言，花园无疑地是个异质空间。 来自互联网

7 inconvenient   

adj.不方便的，令人感到麻烦的

参考例句：

• You have come at a very inconvenient time.你来得最不适时。
• Will it be inconvenient for him to attend that meeting?他参加那次会议会不方便吗？

8 remains   

n.剩余物，残留物；遗体，遗迹

参考例句：

• He ate the remains of food hungrily.他狼吞虎咽地吃剩余的食物。
• The remains of the meal were fed to the dog.残羹剩饭喂狗了。

9 hawking   

利用鹰行猎

参考例句：

• He is hawking his goods everywhere. 他在到处兜售他的货物。
• We obtain the event horizon and the Hawking spectrumformula. 得到了黑洞的局部事件视界位置和Hawking温度以及Klein—Gordon粒子的Hawking辐射谱。