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高中英语人教版必修高三05

时间:2010-04-22 01:08来源:互联网 提供网友:huoshiyou   字体: [ ]
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[00:08.10]READING
[00:08.99]THE PORTRAIT OF A NATION
[00:10.61]Modern Australia is made up of six states and two territories: Western Australia, South Australia, South Australia, Queensland, New South Wales, Victoria, Tasmania, Australian Capital Territory and Northern Territory.
[00:21.26]Australia is surrounded by two oceans: the Indian Ocean in the west and the south, and the Pacific Ocean in the northeast.
[00:27.35]Sydney is perhaps Australia’s most famous city, but the capital of Australia is Canberra, a city located between Sydney and Melbourne.
[00:33.57]The Australian flag shows the UK flag and a large star with seven points.
[00:37.64]Six of the points represent the states and the seventh stands for all the territories.
[00:41.48]The other stars on the flag represent the Southern Cross-a group of stars in the southern sky that can be used the find the South Pole.
[00:47.57]THE FIRST AUSTRALINGS
[00:49.48]Australia is a young nation on an ancient continent.
[00:49.48]The first Australians were the Aborigines and Torres Strait Islanders.
[00:52.77]These peoples came to the continent at least fifty thousand years ago and created complex societies.
[00:57.18]Their culture was highly1 developed.
[00:58.91]Some Australian Aborigines still live in a similar way to their ancestors,
[01:02.09]while others live in cities, towns and the county2 in the same way as their fellow Australians.
[01:05.93]A NATION OF PRISONERS?
[01:08.05]In the seventeenth century, European explorers began arriving on the continent.
[01:11.86]Spanish, Portuguese3 and Dutch, and later British ships reached the north and west coasts and Tasmania.
[01:17.17]In 1770, Captain James Cook claimed the east coast of the continent for the British Crown4.
[01:21.79]Later, when the American War of Independence made it impossible for England to send prisoners to North America,
[01:26.73]Australia was chosen as a new place where prisoners and criminals were sent.
[01:30.25]In 1788, the first fleet5 of 11 ships arrived in Australia.
[01:34.20]The British Governor6 landed on January 26, today known as Australia Day.
[01:38.43]Over the next 80 years, about 160,000 prisoners were sent to Australia,
[01:42.79]The newcomers changed the way land was managed and introduced new plants and animals that were harmful to the Australian ecosystems7.
[01:48.64]As a consequence, the original Australians suffered.
[01:51.28]Many Aborigines and Islanders were moved and had their land taken away from them.
[01:55.12]ANOTHER NEW WORLD: THE BIRTH OF A NATION
[01:57.94]In the early twentieth century, Australia resembled the USA of eighteenth century: it was a “new world” society.
[02:03.74]In 1901, the Commonwealth8 of Australia was formed.
[02:06.56]The Constitution governing six states stated that men were free and equal,
[02:09.80]explained their basic civil rights and described the new government.
[02:12.75]Aborigines and other non-Europeans did not enjoy the same rights.
[02:16.28]It rights. It would be many years until Australia learn to respect Aborigines and recognize the importance of a diverse9 society.
[02:22.13]The First World War had a strong influence on Australia.
[02:25.06]After the war, the country experienced10 social and economic unrest and suffered from the Great Depression of the 1930s.
[02:30.47]After the Second World War, Australia began to transform itself into the modern country it is today.
[02:34.93]The economy grew and Australia benefited from immigration.
[02:38.48]People from about 200 countries moved to Australia in the fifty years after the Second World War.
[02:42.43]The country also began to change its attitude towards Aborigines: in the late 1960s,
[02:47.13]the government passed laws to strengthen the rights of Aborigines and Inlanders and to improve their living conditions.
[02:51.49]SPEAK AUSTRALIAN? NO WORRIES!
[02:54.18]English is the official language of Australia.
[02:56.51]Australia English differs in pronunciation for British and American English,
[02:59.50]and some of the vocabulary used “down under” is quite different from what you may have learnt in your English class

[03:02.37]Australians are fond of their language and love to have fun with it.
[03:05.43]“No worries” is Australian for “everything will be OK”, “Mate” usually means “friend” or “companion”, but can be said to anyone.
[03:12.06]A “Sheila” is a female11, the “outback” is the wilderness12, a “billabong” is a water hole in a dry riverbed, a “uni” is a university,
[03:19.43]and to “go walkabout” is to take to long journey to get away from one’s daily life.
[03:23.53]While some of the Aboriginal13 languages have been lost,
[03:26.22]people are trying hard to protect and record what is left. Perhaps the best known example of Australian English is the friendly “G’ day mate” that a visitor to the land down under is sure to hear.
[03:34.92]INTEGRATING SKILLS
[03:38.21]Reading
[03:39.07]AUSTRALIA
[03:38.07]Australia is as old as time.
[03:40.27]It was probably once connected to South America, but the continents separated as the earth’s plates moved.
[03:44.97]Having been separated from other continents for millions of years, Australia has many plants and animals that cannot be found any where else in the world.
[03:51.76]One strange animal lays eggs, yet feeds its young on its milk.
[03:55.71]Kangaroos and koala give birth to very small and weak young.
[03:59.52]They are then carried in a pocket of skin for several months while they feed on the mother’s milk and grow stronger.
[04:04.61]There are many kinds of birds in Australia, and over 140 species14 of snakes, many of which are extremely dangerous.
[04:11.09]Australia is the only country in the world that covers an entire continent.
[04:15.27]From north to south the distance is 3,220 km, and from east to west about 4,000km.
[04:22.04]In areca it is approximately the same size as the USA (without Alaska),
[04:26.22]which, however, has more than fourteen times as many people.
[04:29.30]Today about 85% of the Australia population of 20 million live in the six major cities around the coast.
[04:35.91]Two-thirds of the country is dry or desert.
[04:38.55]Australia is a wealthy country.
[04:40.79]It produces metals, precious stones, coal, grain, meat and wines, and has the biggest iron mines in the world.
[04:47.30]Australia has about one-sixth of the world’s sheep and produces almost one-third of its wool.
[04:52.70]Cattle are also kept, and about 15 million tons of wheat are grown every year.
[04:56.91]Fruit and vegetables are grown in areas where there is enough water.
[05:00.25]A long fence runs for hundreds of kilometres across Australia.
[05:03.91]The purpose of the fence is to keep out a type of wild dog called a “dingo”.
[05:07.65]Dingoes hunt at night and like to attack sheep.
[05:10.13]Farms in the middle of Australia are usually so large that farmers use motorbikes or helicopters for the task of rounding up the sheep or cattle.
[05:17.47]The climate is different depending on the area.
[05:19.92]The south has cool, wet winters and warm, dry summers.
[05:23.58]The north has warm, dry winters and hot, wet summers.
[05:27.11]The vast centre of Australia is hot and dry all the year round.
[05:31.03]Because of such a climate, much of daily life happens outdoors.
[05:34.32]Australians love sports and the country is birthplace of many tennis, sailing and swimming champions.
[05:39.91]Outings are popular and most Australian are birthplace to share a cold glass of beer or lemonade with a friend.
[05:45.21]If you are invited to an Australian home, you will probably have a barbecue and roast a steak of fish on an open fine.
[05:51.22]At weekends many Australians go hiking and camping in the countryside, called the “bush”.
[05:55.56]For holidays, many people visit the Great Barrier Reef off the northeast coast of Australia, which has more than 600 islands

 


点击收听单词发音收听单词发音  

1 highly XdFxR     
adv.高度地,极,非常;非常赞许地
参考例句:
  • It is highly important to provide for the future.预先做好准备非常重要。
  • The teacher speaks very highly of the boy's behaviour.老师称赞这个男孩的表现。
2 county kO0zE     
n.县,郡
参考例句:
  • When the good news reached there,the whole county rejoiced.喜讯传到那里时,全县的人都欢欣鼓舞起来。
  • In that year county after county fell to the enemy.那一年一个又一个的县城沦入敌人手中。
3 Portuguese alRzLs     
n.葡萄牙人;葡萄牙语
参考例句:
  • They styled their house in the Portuguese manner.他们仿照葡萄牙的风格设计自己的房子。
  • Her family is Portuguese in origin.她的家族是葡萄牙血统。
4 crown JoazY     
n.王冠,王权,顶点;v.使...成王,加冕,居...之顶
参考例句:
  • He won the crown in 1973.他荣获1973年冠军称号。
  • They wanted to crown Caesar king.他们想立凯撒为王。
5 fleet Lj1xd     
n.舰队;船队,机群
参考例句:
  • He made his money with a fleet of moving vans.他靠一队家具搬运车赚钱。
  • He was placed in command of the fleet.他被任命为舰队司令。
6 governor 1f8xe     
n.统治者,地方长官(如省长,州长,总督等)
参考例句:
  • The governor was an expert at fencing with reporters.这位州长是搪塞新闻记者的能手。
  • He was elected governor of the state of California.他当选为加州州长。
7 ecosystems 94cb0e40a815bea1157ac8aab9a5380d     
n.生态系统( ecosystem的名词复数 )
参考例句:
  • There are highly sensitive and delicately balanced ecosystems in the forest. 森林里有高度敏感、灵敏平衡的各种生态系统。 来自《简明英汉词典》
  • Madagascar's ecosystems range from rainforest to semi-desert. 马达加斯加生态系统类型多样,从雨林到半荒漠等不一而足。 来自辞典例句
8 commonwealth XXzyp     
n.共和国,联邦,共同体
参考例句:
  • He is the chairman of the commonwealth of artists.他是艺术家协会的主席。
  • Most of the members of the Commonwealth are nonwhite.英联邦的许多成员国不是白人国家。
9 diverse I8Qyu     
adj.不同的;相异的;多种多样的;形形色色的
参考例句:
  • Spain is a composite of diverse traditions and people.西班牙是一个汇集了多种传统和民族的国家。
  • Society is now much more diverse than ever before.当今社会较之以往任何时候都要丰富多彩得多。
10 experienced ntPz2t     
adj.有经验的;经验丰富的,熟练的
参考例句:
  • Experienced seamen will advise you about sailing in this weather.有经验的海员会告诉你在这种天气下的航行情况。
  • Perhaps you and I had better change over;you are more experienced.也许我们的工作还是对换一下好,你比我更有经验。
11 female 3kSxf     
adj.雌的,女(性)的;n.雌性的动物,女子
参考例句:
  • We only employ female workers.我们只雇用女工。
  • The animal in the picture was a female elephant.照片上的动物是头母象。
12 wilderness SgrwS     
n.杳无人烟的一片陆地、水等,荒漠
参考例句:
  • She drove the herd of cattle through the wilderness.她赶着牛群穿过荒野。
  • Education in the wilderness is not a matter of monetary means.荒凉地区的教育不是钱财问题。
13 aboriginal 1IeyD     
adj.(指动植物)土生的,原产地的,土著的
参考例句:
  • They managed to wipe out the entire aboriginal population.他们终于把那些土著人全部消灭了。
  • The lndians are the aboriginal Americans.印第安人是美国的土著人。
14 species FTizN     
n.物种,种群
参考例句:
  • Are we the only thinking species in the whole of creation?我们是万物中惟一有思想的物种吗?
  • This species of bird now exists only in Africa.这种鸟现在只存在于非洲。
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