高中英语人教版高二下04

[00:02.39]第16课海洋
[00:04.78]Lesson 61 1   Dialogue
[00:08.06]第61课 1 对话
[00:11.34]Bruce is spending Sunday with his friend Li Qun.
[00:14.22]布鲁斯跟他的朋友一起度过了星期天。
[00:17.11]LI QUN:Beautiful day,isn't it?
[00:18.73]LI QUN:今天的天气很好,是吧?
[00:20.35]BRUCE:Yes.I wish we could go to the seaside today.
[00:25.39]Pity we live so far from the sea.
[00:27.57]BRUCE:是的.我希望我们能去海滨玩.可惜我们住得离海太远了.
[00:29.75]LI QUN:When did you last go to the seaside
[00:31.78]LI QUN:你上次去海滨是什么时候?
[00:33.80]BRUCE:Last August.We had a lovely holiday,one of the best ever.
[00:37.43]BRUCE:去年八月.那是我们从来没有过的,最有趣的假期.
[00:41.06]We spent all our days on the beach.
[00:43.14]我们一直都在海滩上玩.
[00:45.22]We swam and dived off the rocks into the sea.
[00:50.08]We also played games on the sand.
[00:52.36]我们游泳和在岩石上跳水.我们也在沙滩上玩游戏.
[00:54.65]LI QUN:My cousin's a sailor.He's doing very well in the navy¹.
[00:57.87]LI QUN:我的堂兄是一个水手.他在海军里做得很好的.
[01:01.10]He sends me interesting postcards from the ports where the ship stops.
[01:04.18]他们舰停的时候,他给我寄来一张很奇特的港口风影片.
[01:07.27]BRUCE:Are you going to be a sailor when you leave school?
[01:09.54]BRUCE:你毕业后想做一个水手吗?
[01:11.81]LI QUN:I don't know.I haven't made up my mind yet.
[01:14.33]LI QUN:我不知道.我都没有想过.
[01:16.85]BRUCE:We'd better not just talk;let's go to the river to bathe.
[01:19.49]BRUCE:我们不要只顾着聊天;我们去河里游泳吧.
[01:22.13]LI QUN:Sounds like a good idea.Let's do that.
[01:26.80]The two boys are in the river now.
[01:28.78]LI QUN:听起来像个好主意.
[01:30.75]BRUCE:How long can you hold your breath² underwater³?
[01:32.88]BRUCE:你在水里不呼吸能呆多久?
[01:35.01]Take a deep breath and I'll time you.But don't drown!How long was that?
[01:38.94]深呼吸,我给你计时.不过不要被淹死!时间是多少?
[01:42.87]BRUCE:One minute and twelve seconds.
[01:44.75]BRUCE:一分钟十二秒.
[01:46.63]Will you time me?I'm sure I can do better than that.
[01:49.26]你可以帮我计时吗?我一定做得比那好.
[01:51.88]Lesson 62 2 Reading comprehension⁴\
[01:59.31]第62课 2 阅读理解
[02:06.75]THE SEA
[02:08.17]海洋
[02:09.59]Seen from space,the earth looks blue.
[02:12.52]从太空望去,地球看上去是蓝色的.
[02:15.44]This is because two thirds of the earth's surface
[02:21.51]is made up of vast⁵ oceans.
[02:23.84]这是因为地球表面三分之二是由广阔的海洋组成的.
[02:26.18]Little of the earth's solid⁶ surface has been seen by humans,
[02:29.60]人类只看到地球固体表面的一小部分,
[02:33.03]as much of it lies below the sea.
[02:35.45]因为大部分地表处于海洋下面.
[02:37.88]The oceans of the world are salty.
[02:40.37]世界上的海洋都是咸的.
[02:42.85]Most of the oceans contain 35 parts of salt per thousand parts of water.
[02:47.67]大多数的海洋每1000份海水里含有35份盐.
[02:52.49]That is 3.5% by weight.
[02:55.57]按重量计算为3.5%.
[02:58.65]There are 11 other minerals that make up the salt water of the oceans.
[03:02.43]另外还有11种矿物质,组成了海洋的盐水.
[03:06.20]How does sea water stay clean?
[03:08.54]那么,海水怎样保持清洁?
[03:10.88]The answer is that seaweeds produce various chemicals
[03:14.51]答案的海草可以释放各种各样的化学物质
[03:18.14]that help keep the sea water clean.
[03:20.32]这些化学物质可以帮助海水保持清洁.
[03:22.50]The Mediterranean⁷ is more than 3,700 km⁸ long,
[03:26.18]地中海长3700千米,
[03:29.87]and is 1,800km wide at its widest point.
[03:33.55]最宽有1800千米.
[03:37.23]The surface water is warm,and in summer
[03:40.11]它的表面水是暖和的,在夏天
[03:42.98]can reach up to 25 degrees centigrade⁹ or even 29 degrees centigrade.
[03:47.46]它可以达到25摄氏度,甚至是29摄氏度.
[03:51.94]Because the weather is very hot,the sea loses a lot of water to the air,
[03:55.91]因为那里的天气非常热,大海水被蒸发了到了天空,
[03:59.88]so there are between 37 and 39 parts of salt per thousand.
[04:03.97]所以那里一千份海水中就含有37到39份盐.
[04:08.06]It takes 80 years ,
[04:12.00]for Mediterranean water to be changed with Atlantic water
[04:15.03]它需要用80年的时间才能跟大西洋的水交换一次

[04:18.06]as there is only one narrow entrance
[04:22.82]where the Mediterranean meets the Atlantic.
[04:25.20]因为地中海和大西洋的汇合处只有一个狭窄的入口.
[04:27.57]Hot parts of theworld where the sea is not deep have coral¹⁰ beds.
[04:31.35]世界上热的地方,在海不深处有珊瑚.
[04:35.12]Coral is not a plant
[04:37.05]珊瑚不是植物.
[04:38.99]but a variety of animal life of different shapes and bright colours.
[04:42.67]而是形状不同,色彩斑斓的动物变体.
[04:46.35]Coral needs certain conditions in order to live.
[04:49.03]珊瑚生存需要一定的条件.
[04:51.71]The water temperature must not fall below 20 degrees centigrade
[04:55.13]水的温度不可以低于20摄氏度,
[04:58.55]and there must be plenty of light,
[05:00.63]和充足的阳光,
[05:02.71]so corals¹¹ are found in water with a depth¹² of less than 60 metres.
[05:06.59]所以在水深不超过60米的地方常驻可找到珊瑚.
[05:10.47]Also,the water must be very clear.
[05:13.04]海水也必需得是清洁的.
[05:15.61]Water that is cloudy or dirty will kill the coral.
[05:18.69]污浊的水会使珊瑚死亡.
[05:21.78]If construction work is going on,for example to build a new port,
[05:25.46]如果进行施工,比如说是建一个新的港口,
[05:29.14]or if there is any pollution,this will kill the coral.
[05:32.32]或是海水有任何污染,这都会杀死珊瑚.
[05:35.49]Besides,you will not find coral near the mouths of rivers either
[05:39.17]除此之外,在江河的入海也找不到珊瑚.
[05:42.86]because the river water has too much soil in it or because it is polluted¹³.
[05:46.93]因为河水有太多的土壤,或者它被污染.
[05:51.01]The longest coral bed in the world
[05:53.35]世界上最长的珊瑚
[05:55.68]is one which lies off the northeast coast of Australia.
[05:58.80]在澳大利亚东北沿海上.
[06:01.93]It is 2,010 kilometres long.
[06:04.90]它长2010千米.
[06:07.88]3 Reading comprehension
[06:10.16]3 阅读理解
[06:12.43]SALT LAKES OF THE WORLD
[06:14.26]世界上的咸水湖
[06:16.08]The most famous salt lake in the world is the Dead Sea,in the Middle East.
[06:19.57]世界上最出名的盐海是死海,它在中东地区.
[06:23.06]Water is lost into the air because of the heat of the sun,
[06:25.93]因为酷热水蒸发到场天空中,
[06:28.81]and the salt stays in the lake.
[06:30.62]而盐却留在了湖里.
[06:32.44]It is also very lowlying,at around 395 metres below sea level.
[06:36.60]死海地势很低,约低于海平面395米.
[06:40.77]However,it is not the saltiest lake in the world.
[06:43.20]然而,它不是世界上最咸的湖.
[06:45.63]The Great Salt Lake in the USA,
[06:47.76]美国大盐湖的水还要咸一些,
[06:49.89]with 270 parts of salt per thousand,is even saltier.
[06:53.37]因为每千份水里就含有270份盐.甚至更高.
[06:56.86]The water of the Dead Sea contains about 250 parts of salt
[07:00.40]死海的海水含有盐大约为250
[07:03.94]to every thousand parts of water,or 25% by weight.
[07:07.42]每一千份,或按重量计是25%
[07:10.89]It is so salty that it is difficult to swim or dive,
[07:13.78]湖水太咸了很难游泳或潜水,
[07:16.66]as your body floats on the surface.
[07:18.64]因为你的身体会浮在水面上.
[07:20.61]What has made this lake so salty?
[07:22.64]是什么使得这湖含盐量如此的高?
[07:24.68]The minerals are partly supplied by hundreds of natural springs
[07:27.86]是各种矿物质.它们部分来自众多的流入死海的天然泉水,
[07:31.03]which flow into the Dead Sea,and partly by the River Jordan.
[07:34.22]还有一部分是来自约旦河.
[07:37.40]It is called the Dead Sea
[07:40.96]because very few things can live in such salty water.
[07:43.92]它被叫为死海是因为很少有生物能在含盐量如此高的水里生存.
[07:46.89]There is very little rain here,merely 66mm in a year on average.
[07:50.52]那里几乎不下雨,每年平均只有66毫米降雨量.
[07:54.15]The minerals stay in the lake,
[07:57.60]because there is no river flowing out of the lake.
[07:59.97]那些矿物质留在湖里,是因为没有河从死海中流出.
[08:02.35]Lesson 63 1 Reading comprehension
[08:08.58]第63课1 阅读理解
[08:14.81]LIFE IN THE OCEANS
[08:16.59]海洋中的生物
[08:18.36]In the oceans around Antarctica¹⁴ the temperature of the water is freezing,
[08:22.14]在南极洲周围的海洋中,水温很低,
[08:25.91]always below zero.
[08:27.79]总是在零度以下.
[08:29.68]Fish can live in these temperatures
[08:31.80]鱼之所以能生活在这样温度下

[08:33.93]only because their blood contains a particular chemical.
[08:36.87]只是因为它们的血液中有一种特别的化学物质.
[08:39.81]In these oceans live huge numbers of a small fish just 5 cm long.
[08:43.83]在这些海洋中生活着大群众路线大群只有五厘米长的小鱼.
[08:47.86]These fish swim together,
[08:49.78]这些鱼成群结队地在水中游,
[08:51.70]often in a group that may be 4.5 metres thick and hundreds of metres long.
[08:56.02]通常一个鱼群可能有4.5米厚,几百米长.
[09:00.34]There may be 63,000 fish per cubic¹⁵ metre.
[09:03.53]每立方米大约有63000条鱼.
[09:06.72]These fish provide the main food for whales.
[09:09.34]这些鱼成了望鲸鱼的主要食物.
[09:11.97]A whale may eat a ton of them at a time,and may enjoy four meals a day.
[09:16.45]一头鲸鱼一次可以吃掉一吨这种鱼,并且一天可能吃四次.
[09:20.93]The squid¹⁶ lives in the dark at a great depth at the bottom of the ocean.
[09:25.11]鱿鱼住在海底很深很暗的地方.
[09:29.29]It can grow to a length of 15 metres.
[09:32.07]它可以长到15米长.
[09:34.85]It is eaten by a type of whale called the sperm¹⁷ whale,
[09:37.93]有一种叫巨头鲸的鲸鱼
[09:41.02]which is over 18 metres long.
[09:43.29]长度超过18米.
[09:45.56]The sperm whale does not feed on small fish like other whales.
[09:48.73]和其它鲸鱼不一样,巨头鲸是不以小鱼为食的.
[09:51.91]Instead it has teeth and feeds on squid.
[09:57.24]It can dive to a depth of 1,000 metres.
[10:00.22]相反,它有牙齿,就吃鱿鱼.它还可以潜入水下1000米不深入.
[10:03.19]On one ship which had equipment for measuring the depth of the water,
[10:06.73]在一艘装有测量水深设备有船上,
[10:10.27]the captain noticed a sperm whale diving to a depth of nearly 2,250 metres.
[10:15.25]船长发现一头巨头鱼潜入到将近2250米深处.
[10:20.23]How does the sperm whale manage to do this?
[10:22.50]巨头鲸为何能潜到这样深呢?
[10:24.77]When it dives,its heart slows to half its normal speed.
[10:28.10]它潜水时,它的心跳速度就减慢到正常心速的一半.
[10:31.43]By doing this the animal can hold its breath for a longer time.
[10:34.97]通过减慢心速,这种动物就能在较长的时间内屏住气.
[10:38.51]The head contains a lot of oil,and this is probably cooled at the same time.
[10:42.78]它的头部有很多油,在潜水时这种油很可能被冷却.
[10:47.05]At the bottom of the ocean it is completely¹⁸ dark.
[10:49.63]在海底是完全黑暗无光的.
[10:52.20]The sperm whale therefore has to look for the squid using sound waves.
[10:56.13]因此巨头鲸就只得利用声波来找鱿鱼

1 navy   

n.海军，海军人员，海军军力，藏青色

参考例句：

• My brother is in the navy.我兄弟在海军服役。
• He has transferred from the army to the navy.他从陆军转到海军。

2 breath   

n.呼吸，气息，微风，迹象，精神，一种说话的声音

参考例句：

• I'm just going out for a breath of fresh air.我正要出去呼吸新鲜空气。
• While climbing up the stairs the old man always loses his breath.那老人上楼时总是气喘吁吁的。

3 underwater   

adj.在水中的；adv.在水下

参考例句：

• I've never seen anyone stay underwater that long.我从没见过有人在水下呆那么久。
• This machine has been specially adapted for use underwater.这机器是为水下使用而特别改装的。

4 comprehension   

n.理解，理解力；领悟

参考例句：

• The teacher set the class a comprehension test.老师对全班同学进行了一次理解力测验。
• The problem is above my comprehension.这个问题超出我的理解力。

5 vast   

adj.巨大的，庞大的；大量的，巨额的

参考例句：

• Tom has made a vast improvement in his German.汤姆的德语有了很大的进步。
• China has a vast territory and a large population.中国地域辽阔，人口众多。

6 solid   

adj.固体的，结实的，可靠的，实心的；n.固体，实心；adv. 一致地

参考例句：

• Water may change from a liquid to a solid.水可以由液体变为固体。
• I know that James is a solid type of person.我知道詹姆斯是个可信赖的人。

7 Mediterranean   

adj.地中海的；地中海沿岸的

参考例句：

• The houses are Mediterranean in character.这些房子都属地中海风格。
• Gibraltar is the key to the Mediterranean.直布罗陀是地中海的要冲。

8 km   

n.(=kilometre) 公里，千米

参考例句：

• Our speed averaged out at 50 km an hour.我们的平均速度是每小时50公里。
• The car does ten km. to the litre.这辆汽车每升汽油跑10公里。

9 centigrade   

adj.分为百度的，摄氏的

参考例句：

• The temperature in this room is twenty degrees centigrade.这个房间里的温度是摄氏20度。
• It's at 10 degrees centigrade.气温是10℃。

10 coral   

n.珊瑚；adj.珊瑚色的，珊瑚红的

参考例句：

• Kate is wearing a coral necklace.凯特戴着一条珊瑚项链。
• The ship was wrecked on a coral reef.这条船在珊瑚暗礁上撞毁了。

11 corals   

n.珊瑚( coral的名词复数 )；珊瑚虫

参考例句：

• These colors belong to a group of snakes known as the false corals. 这些颜色属于伪装起来的眼镜蛇。 来自电影对白
• Because the corals are alive, they provide a continuous supply of material. 由于珊瑚是活着的，它们提供了源源不断的材料供应。 来自互联网

12 depth   

n.深度；深奥；深厚，深切，深

参考例句：

• What is the depth of this lake?这个湖有多深？
• He was in the depth of despair.他处于绝望的深渊。

13 polluted   

adj.被污染的

参考例句：

• Polluted air hangs over the city.城市上空被污染的空气所笼罩。
• The air was polluted by factory smoke.空气被工厂冒的烟污染了。

14 Antarctica   

n.南极洲

参考例句：

• Antarctica is the earth's coldest landmass.南极洲是地球上最冷的大陆。
• This penguin is from Antarctica.这只企鹅来自南极洲。

15 cubic   

adj.立方体的，立方形的；3次的，立方的

参考例句：

• We need 3 cubic yards of sand.我们需要3立方沙子。
• The volume of this container is 1000 cubic metres.这个集装箱的容量是1000立方米。

16 squid   

n.鱿鱼

参考例句：

• I like eating squid.我喜欢吃鱿鱼。
• The seals feed mainly on fish and squid.海豹主要以鱼和乌贼为食。

17 sperm   

n.精子，精液

参考例句：

• Only one sperm fertilises an egg.只有一个精子使卵子受精。
• In human reproduction,one female egg is usually fertilized by one sperm.在人体生殖过程中，一个精子使一个卵子受精。

18 completely   

adv.完全地，十分地，全然

参考例句：

• She never completely gave up hope.她从不完全放弃希望。
• I feel completely in the dark on this question.这件事使我感到茫然。