上海牛津初中英语八年级下--CHAPTER 2 Reading POLL

CHAPTER TWO  Reading POLLUTUO FIGHTERS
[00:09.90]Judy is collecting some facts for a class project on pollution.
[00:18.44]She is interviewing Doctor Ray,a scientist,about trees.
[00:27.51]Judy:Why are you so interested in trees,Doctor Ray?
[00:38.16]Dr ray:They're the biggest and oldest living things on earth,Judy.
[00:45.71]JUDY:Yes,but what good are trees?
[00:51.67]They make streets more beautiful and less noisy,but what else can they do?
[01:02.25]Dr ray:Well,there's wood in your pencil and the bench,
[01:08.78]rubber on the end of your pencil,
[01:12.91]and paper in your notebook—all from trees.
[01:19.39]do you like to eat an orange,or sip¹ a Coke or a coffee?
[01:28.03]Judy:Sometimes.
[01:31.90]Dr ray:Well,the fruit,the nuts for the Coke,
[01:37.36]and the beans for the coffee all come from trees.
[01:43.42]And,I suppose you also enjoy breathing pure,cool air.
[01:50.68]Judy:Of course.
[01:54.94]Dr ray:Then you must thank trees for that,too.
[02:00.58]Trees are natural air conditioners.
[02:06.04]They take harmful gas from the air,and release² oxygen into the air.
[02:14.22]How many people are there in your class,Judy?
[02:20.15]Judy:Forty-six.
[02:24.98]Dr ray:Well,one and a half hectares³ of trees
[02:31.33]could produce enough oxygen to keep your whole class alive and healthy for a year.
[02:40.39]Judy:That's wonderful!
[02:44.94]DR ray:Trees cool the air as well as clean it.
[02:50.87]Three trees can do the job of 15 air conditioners running almost all day.
[02:59.83]Judy:You certainly know a lot about trees Doctor Ray.
[03:06.10]DR ray:Thank you,Judy,but I don't,really.
[03:12.34]Scientists are only now beginning to understand them.
[03:18.22]For example,did you know that when insects attack a tree,
[03:25.27]it can warn⁴ its neighbours?
[03:29.74]The trees can then protect themselves by producing a chemical
[03:35.30]that makes their leaves taste nasty⁵.
[03:40.16]And some trees can join their roots together underground,
[03:46.82]and pass food and water around.
[03:51.68]Trees are communicating with one another, but we don't know how.
[04:00.04]Judy:Are trees in danger?
[04:05.00]Dr ray:In great danger.
[04:08.56]We cut down and burn millions every year but we replace hardly any of them.
[04:17.31]We are destroying our best fighters against pollution.
[04:24.18]LISTENING  Judy school took in a tree-planting campaign⁶.
[05:07.23]To attract people to join,Judy and Rita wrote a notice.
[05:15.27]Listen to them talking,and complete the notice by putting one word in each space.
[08:01.15]SPEAKING
[08:06.11]A Talk time
[08:11.15][i] [i:]
[08:17.11]A1  1.a ship           a hill              a bin              hit
[08:33.62]2.a sheep            a heel⁷              a bean             to leave
[08:46.63]3.ship               sheep               hill               heel
[08:59.98]bin                  bean                live               leave
[09:10.11]A2 1.I planted three trees.
[09:20.46]2.They bit me and beat me.
[09:27.22]3.These shoes don't fit my feet.
[09:35.97]4.This is a sheep and that is a ship.
[09:44.75]5.I don't want to leave the place where I live.
[09:53.21]A3 R:What do you want from the supermarket,Lily?
[10:01.86]L:Get me some meat and peas,please,some fish and chips,and some Indian tea.
[10:14.24]R:Meat,peas,fish,chips and Indian tea.
[10:23.60]Right, I'll be back in a minute.
[10:28.45]MORE PRACTICE  A Dear friend Trees are our friends.
[10:41.12]They work hard for us.They cool our cities and clean the air.
[10:48.39]They remove dust and change carbon⁸ dioxide⁹ into the oxygen we reathe.
[10:57.24]Trees reduce sound pollution for large urban¹⁰ areas and add beauty to cities.
[11:07.59]They can help increase the value of prperty.
[11:12.76]Homes with many trees have higher values.
[11:18.82]Without trees,soil would wash away and there would be no food for us to eat.
[11:27.75]Without treee shade,the Earth would get too hot to live on.
[11:35.12]Trees provide shelter,food and things for both humans and animals.
[11:45.15]They also supply material for houses,furniture,paper products,etc.
[11:55.10]Some trees evenprovide important ingredients¹¹ for medicines that cure illnesses.
[12:04.45]Without trees,we would die.
[12:09.10]In the 200 years,more than half of all the trees on the earth have veen destroyed.
[12:20.47]We need more trees!For every tree being planted today,30 trees are being cut down.
[12:32.72]Trees for Life making a diffference.
[12:38.67]We plant trees and take care of them to help protect our environment.
[12:46.93]We give help to all the people who would like to join us in this project.
[12:55.08]We want to plant 100 million trees in the next 10 years.
[13:03.73]If you want to more about us,please send us an e-mail at info@ treesforlife.org.
[13:18.28]We hope you will have lots of fun.
[13:23.55]From  TREES FOR LIFE
 

1 sip   

v.小口地喝，抿，呷；n.一小口的量

参考例句：

• She took a sip of the cocktail.她啜饮一口鸡尾酒。
• Elizabeth took a sip of the hot coffee.伊丽莎白呷了一口热咖啡。

2 release   

vt.发布，发表，发行；释放，放开

参考例句：

• After my examination I had a feeling of release.考完试后我有如释重负之感。
• This medicine will give you release from pain.这药吃后会解除你的疼痛。

3 hectares   

n.公顷（等于2。471英亩）( hectare的名词复数 )

参考例句：

• Thousands of hectares of forest are destroyed each year. 每年都有几千公顷的森林遭到破坏。
• There sugar-beet plantation areas were expanded to 176000 hectares. 他们的甜菜种植面积增加到176000公顷。 来自《简明英汉词典》

4 warn   

vt.警告，注意，远离；vi.提醒

参考例句：

• I must warn you that my patience is almost at an end.我必须警告你我已经没有耐心了。
• If you warn me in advance,I will have your order ready for you.你若预先通知我，我就能给您准备好了。

5 nasty   

adj.令人讨厌的，困难的，恶劣的，下流的

参考例句：

• She got a nasty knock on the head when she fell.她跌倒时头部受到严重碰撞。
• When this material burns，it flings off a nasty smell.这种物质燃烧时发出一股难闻的气味。

6 campaign   

n.运动；竞选活动；战役；vi.参加运动；进行竞选；作战

参考例句：

• The election campaign heated up in that state.该州竞选运动激烈起来了。
• The campaign had begun during his absence.在他不在期间运动已经开始了。

7 heel   

n.脚后跟，踵，后部，倾侧；vt.尾随，装以鞋跟，倾侧，追赶；vi.紧随，用脚后跟传球

参考例句：

• There is a hole in the heel of one of your socks.你一只袜子的后跟有个洞。
• I'm training my dog to come to heel.我在训练我的狗让它紧跟着我。

8 carbon   

n.碳元素

参考例句：

• Diamonds are pure carbon.钻石是纯净的碳。
• Carbon is an element,while carbon dioxide is a compound.碳是一种(化学)元素，而二氧化碳则是一种化合物。

9 dioxide   

n.二氧化物

参考例句：

• The oxygen and the carbon combine to form carbon dioxide.氧和碳化合，形成二氧化碳。
• Carbon dioxide is the largest contributor to the greenhouse effect.二氧化碳太多是道致温室效应的最主要原因。

10 urban   

adj.都市的，住在都市的，习惯于都市的

参考例句：

• Traffic is a major urban problem.交通是城市的一个主要问题。
• The spread of urban areas endangers wildlife.扩大城市面积危害着野生物。

11 ingredients   

n.（混合物的）组成部分( ingredient的名词复数 )；（烹调的）原料；（构成）要素；因素

参考例句：

• All ingredients are readily available from your local store. 所有的原料都可以方便地从你当地的商店买到。
• We never use second quality ingredients to build building. 我们决不使用次等材料用于建筑。 来自《简明英汉词典》