英语四级听力-短对话 240

 Section C

Academy Award nominees¹ (被提名的人) who go home (36) ______ may not have a shiny Oscar to show off, but they may turn out to be the bigger winners in the game of life. According to a study published in British Medical Journal, Oscar-winning screenwriters are more successful, more (37) ______ and more (38) ______ than losing nominees; however, they die sooner by about four years.

"Because success is usually linked to better (39) ______ , this is the first (40) ______ that success is not associated with (41) ______ longevity²." Says Donald Redelmeier, lead author of the study. Research tracked down (42) ______ about every person who was ever nominated for an Oscar since the (43) were first handed out 73 years ago.______

(44) _______________________________________________________________ . The first is the "work-to-death hypothesis (假设)". According to Redelmeier, screenwriters are more apt to lead unhealthy lifestyles, (45) _______________________________________________________ .

Screenwriters don't have a boss to report to, which brings into account Redelmeier's second explanation, the "party-hearty hypothesis." "When you become a successful screenwriter, you gain status without daily accountability (生计), (46) _________________________________________________________________ ." He says.

答案解析：

36. empty-handed

解析：empty-handed a. 空手的，徒手的；定语从句who go home empty-handed，用来修饰Academy Award nominees（奥斯卡奖提名者）。注意：empty和handed之间要有连字符。

37. productive

解析：和successful并列，本题和下一题都应是形容词。productive a. 能产的，多产的。

38. respected

解析：respected 令人尊敬的。不要写成动词respect。

39. health

解析：根据前面的形容词比较级better，此处应填名词。千万别画蛇添足，加个y。

40. occupation

解析：别少写一个c。

41. improved

解析：注意用过去分词作定语，另外，不要当成approved或proved。

42. information

解析：速记的时候，可用其缩写形式info，最后补全。

43. awards

解析：根据后面的were可知，此处需要一个复数名词，不要漏了词尾s；也不要写成rewards（酬劳，奖金）。

44. 标准答案：To explain the puzzling findings, he offered two theories

听音关键：explain, puzzling, findings, offered two theories

答案重构：(1) He offered two theories to explain the confusing findings

(2) The findings were confusing, so he put forth³ two theories to explain them

画龙点睛：原词照搬时，需要注意findings, theories用复数形式，offered是过去时。puzzling可以用confusing替换。

45. 标准答案：meaning they smoke more, exercise less, and work a lot of late-night hours, which translates into not enough sleep

听音关键：smoke more, exercise less, work a lot of late-night hours, not enough sleep

答案重构：(1) meaning they smoke more, exercise less, work much at night and get insufficient⁴ sleep

(2) meaning more cigarettes, less exercise, much night work and insufficient sleep

画龙点睛：meaning作后置定语，相当于which means。句中meaning后面是宾语从句，smoke, exercise, work三个谓语动词并列。听写时要注意语法关系正确。translate into表示“转化为、意味着”。改写时可以把meaning后的宾语从句改为名词成分，把which引导的定语从句提升为并列的谓语。

46. 标准答案：and as a consequence your success may lead you to more alcohol, more parties, and more fatness

听音关键：consequence, success, lead to, more alcohol, parties, fatness

答案重构：(1) and as a result your success may mean that you will drink more wine, have more parties, and become fatter

(2) and so you may drink more alcohol, have more parties and become fatter because of your success

画龙点睛：要注意consequence, alcohol, fatness等词的拼写。若没有把握，可以用同义词替换，如用result, wine, fat来表达。原句lead to后面的名词可以用动词形式改写。

1 nominees   

n.被提名者，被任命者( nominee的名词复数 )

参考例句：

• She's one of the nominees. 她是被提名者之一。 来自超越目标英语 第2册
• A startling number of his nominees for senior positions have imploded. 他所提名的高级官员被否决的数目令人震惊。 来自互联网

2 longevity   

n.长命；长寿

参考例句：

• Good habits promote longevity.良好的习惯能增长寿命。
• Human longevity runs in families.人类的长寿具有家族遗传性。

3 forth   

adv.向前；向外，往外

参考例句：

• The wind moved the trees gently back and forth.风吹得树轻轻地来回摇晃。
• He gave forth a series of works in rapid succession.他很快连续发表了一系列的作品。

4 insufficient   

adj.(for，of)不足的，不够的

参考例句：

• There was insufficient evidence to convict him.没有足够证据给他定罪。
• In their day scientific knowledge was insufficient to settle the matter.在他们的时代，科学知识还不能足以解决这些问题。