2020年经济学人 巴托比职场专栏--帮助刑满释放犯减少再犯罪(1)

Business

来源于《商业》版块

Bartleby

巴托比职场专栏

Just the job

正需要的东西

Getting current and ex-prisoners into work seems to reduce reo?ending

让在押犯和刑满释放犯参加工作似乎可以减少再犯罪

A convicted thief is sent to prison and struggles to adjust to his new environment until his culinary talents are discovered. By a very roundabout route, his kitchen skills lead to his rehabilitation². That is the plot of “Paddington 2”, a family ?lm from 2017. It might also serve as the template for Clink. The charity trains prisoners in hospitality and catering³, and ran ?ve restaurants and cafés in Britain before the national lockdown brought about by the covid-19 pandemic. It trained 441prisoners last year. They achieved 225 educational certi?cates. Over 280 employers have agreed to hire Clink graduates. Some ex-convicts have gone on to become head chefs at hotels.

一个被定罪的小偷被送进监狱，他努力适应新环境，直到他的烹饪才能被发现。经过一段迂回曲折的路程，他的厨房技能使他康复了。这就是2017年家庭电影《帕丁顿熊2》的情节。它也可以作为慈善机构Clink的模板。该慈善机构为囚犯提供招待和餐饮方面的培训，并在英国经营着五家餐馆和咖啡馆，直到covid-19大流行导致英国全国封闭。去年慈善机构Clink培训了441名囚犯。他们获得了225个教育证书。超过280家雇主已经同意雇佣Clink的毕业生。一些有前科的人后来成为了酒店的主厨。

Prisons are in the news because of the threat covid-19 poses to people locked up in a con¹?ned space. Some have been released early. But in normal times, which will one day return, getting prisoners back to work is one of the best ways to help their rehabilitation. A study by the Justice Data Lab, a British government body, conducted between 2009 and 2016 showed that 15% of Clink alumni reo?ended, compared with 22% for other jailbirds with similar records.

监狱经常出现在新闻中，因为监狱对被关在密闭空间里的人构成了威胁。一些人已经提前获释。但在正常时期，总有一天会回归的，让囚犯重返工作岗位是帮助他们康复的最佳方式之一。英国政府机构正义数据实验室在2009年至2016年期间进行的一项研究显示，15%的Clink成员再次被冒犯，相比之下，其他有类似记录的狱友被冒犯的比例为22%。

Clink is not alone. Take Ali Niaz, a former drug dealer⁴ who managed to get an a-level in business during his time in prison. After his release, and a course at Madingley Hall in Cambridge, he became a business and life coach. He also runs a social enterprise helping⁵ ex-o?enders and set up the Feel Good Bakery, where ex-prisoners make sandwiches for o?ce workers (or did until the pandemic, though it is still paying its sta?).

Clink并不是个例。以阿里·尼亚兹为例，他曾是一名毒贩，在服刑期间获得了a-level的商业成绩。获释后，他在剑桥的马汀利堂上了一门课程，成为一名商业和生活教练。他还经营着一家帮助刑满释放人员的社会企业，并创办了“感觉良好面包店”，在这里，刑满释放人员会为办公室员工做三明治（疫情流行之前都在做，尽管现在仍向员工支付工资）。

Mr Niaz received help from the Responsible Business Initiative for Justice (RBIJ), a transatlantic charity run by Celia Ouellette, a former death-row lawyer in America. She points out that 2.2m Americans, the population of a large metropolis⁶, are locked up. America also has perhaps 5m ex-o?enders. RBIJ helps businesses trying to employ both groups.

Niaz先生得到了负责任的商业倡议组织的帮助，这是一家跨大西洋的慈善机构，由美国前死刑犯律师西莉亚·奎丽特经营。她指出，一个大都市有220万美国囚犯被关押。美国大概也有500万前科犯。RBIJ帮助企业雇佣这两个群体。

One of those is Televerde, a call-centre operator from Arizona. Ron Bell, its founder⁷, was involved in prison administration and got a contract with the state of Arizona to provide work and training for female inmates⁸. Now the company operates seven call centres in women’s correctional facilities, focusing on business-to-business marketing⁹ and sales. The women work 40 hours a week: part of their wage goes toward their upkeep, part can be spent in prison and the rest goes into a savings¹⁰ account for when they get out.

其中之一是来自亚利桑那州的呼叫中心运营商Televerde。该公司的创始人罗恩·贝尔曾参与监狱管理，并与亚利桑那州签订了一份为女囚犯提供工作和培训的合同。如今，该公司在女性惩教设施中运营着7个呼叫中心，专注于企业对企业的营销和销售。这些妇女每周工作40个小时：她们工资的一部分用来维持生活，一部分可以在监狱里度过，剩下的钱存起来，等她们出狱后再用。

1 con   

n.反对的观点，反对者，反对票，肺病；vt.精读，学习，默记；adv.反对地，从反面；adj.欺诈的

参考例句：

• We must be fair and consider the reason pro and con.我们必须公平考虑赞成和反对的理由。
• The motion is adopted non con.因无人投反对票，协议被通过。

2 rehabilitation   

n.康复，悔过自新，修复，复兴，复职，复位

参考例句：

• He's booked himself into a rehabilitation clinic.他自己联系了一家康复诊所。
• No one can really make me rehabilitation of injuries.已经没有人可以真正令我的伤康复了。

3 catering   

n. 给养

参考例句：

• Most of our work now involves catering for weddings. 我们现在的工作多半是承办婚宴。
• Who did the catering for your son's wedding? 你儿子的婚宴是由谁承办的？

4 dealer   

n.商人，贩子

参考例句：

• The dealer spent hours bargaining for the painting.那个商人为购买那幅画花了几个小时讨价还价。
• The dealer reduced the price for cash down.这家商店对付现金的人减价优惠。

5 helping   

n.食物的一份&adj.帮助人的，辅助的

参考例句：

• The poor children regularly pony up for a second helping of my hamburger. 那些可怜的孩子们总是要求我把我的汉堡包再给他们一份。
• By doing this, they may at times be helping to restore competition. 这样一来, 他在某些时候,有助于竞争的加强。

6 metropolis   

n.首府；大城市

参考例句：

• Shanghai is a metropolis in China.上海是中国的大都市。
• He was dazzled by the gaiety and splendour of the metropolis.大都市的花花世界使他感到眼花缭乱。

7 Founder   

n.创始者，缔造者

参考例句：

• He was extolled as the founder of their Florentine school.他被称颂为佛罗伦萨画派的鼻祖。
• According to the old tradition,Romulus was the founder of Rome.按照古老的传说，罗穆卢斯是古罗马的建国者。

8 inmates   

n.囚犯( inmate的名词复数 )

参考例句：

• One of the inmates has escaped. 被收容的人中有一个逃跑了。 来自《简明英汉词典》
• The inmates were moved to an undisclosed location. 监狱里的囚犯被转移到一个秘密处所。 来自《简明英汉词典》

9 marketing   

n.行销，在市场的买卖，买东西

参考例句：

• They are developing marketing network.他们正在发展销售网络。
• He often goes marketing.他经常去市场做生意。

10 savings   

n.存款，储蓄

参考例句：

• I can't afford the vacation,for it would eat up my savings.我度不起假，那样会把我的积蓄用光的。
• By this time he had used up all his savings.到这时，他的存款已全部用完。