2020年经济学人 土耳其人的恐同症(1)

The government investigates those who object to homophobia

政府调查反同性恋者

Stuck at home during Ramadan because of covid-19, Turks at least have something new to argue about. In a sermon marking the start of the holy month on April 24th, Ali Erbas, the country's top religious official, proclaimed that Islam condemned¹ homosexuality "because it brought illnesses and generational decay".

在斋月期间，由于新冠肺炎滞留家中的土耳其人，至少有一些新鲜事可以争论。在4月24日斋月开始的一次布道中，土耳其最高宗教官员阿里埃尔巴斯宣称，伊斯兰教谴责同性恋，“因为它招致疾病和一代代的衰退”。

After human-rights groups, some opposition² politicians and the Ankara Bar Association accused Mr Erbas of inciting³ hatred⁴, Turkey's President Recep Tayyip Erdogan and his supporters rushed to the cleric's defence. One of his flacks said Mr Erbas could not be faulted for voicing "di vine judgment⁵". Another accused his critics of Islamophobia. "An attack against the head of the Diyanet is an attack on the state," Mr Erdogan himself warned, referring to the institution Mr Erbas has headed since 2017. "What he said was completely true." The same day, state prosecutors⁶ launched an investigation—against the Ankara Bar.

在人权组织、一些反对派政界人士，以及安卡拉律师协会，指责埃尔巴斯煽动仇恨之后，土耳其总统埃尔多安和其支持者纷纷为这位神职人员辩护。他的一个口头禅是说，埃尔巴斯不能因为发表了“不利于同性恋群体的意见”而受到指责。另一人指责他的批评者仇视伊斯兰教。埃尔多安本人警告称，“对宗教事务局领导人的攻击是对国家的攻击”，他指的是埃尔巴斯自2017年以来领导的机构。“他说的完全是真的。”就在同一天，国家检察官对安卡拉律师事务所展开了一项调查。

Scripturally speaking, Mr Erbas had a point. The Koran takes a dim view of homosexuals (not to mention atheists, drinkers and women who disobey their husbands). But though homosexuality is outlawed⁷ in most other Muslim countries and punished by death in a few, it is not a crime in constitutionally secular⁸ Turkey. The Diyanet, which runs the country's 90,000 mosques⁹, provides religious guidance, but has no power to impose its prescriptions¹⁰.

从圣经经文来看，埃尔巴斯先生说中了一点。《古兰经》对同性恋者（更不用说无神论者、酒鬼和违抗丈夫的女性）持模糊的看法。但是，尽管同性恋在大多数其他穆斯林国家是非法的，在少数几个国家还会被处以死刑，但对于世俗化的土耳其来说，同性恋并不是犯罪。经营着该国9万座清真寺的宗教事务局，提供宗教指导，但无权下达命令。

LGBT groups have never had it easy in Turkey, though prejudice seems to be on the wane¹¹. As recently as 2012, a whopping 85% of Turks said they did not want to have a gay neighbour.

在土耳其，同性恋者团体的生活从来没有轻松过，尽管人们的偏见似乎正在逐渐减弱。就在2012年，高达85%的土耳其人说他们不希望邻居是同性恋。

1 condemned   

adj. 被责难的, 被宣告有罪的 动词condemn的过去式和过去分词

参考例句：

• He condemned the hypocrisy of those politicians who do one thing and say another. 他谴责了那些说一套做一套的政客的虚伪。
• The policy has been condemned as a regressive step. 这项政策被认为是一种倒退而受到谴责。

2 opposition   

n.反对，敌对

参考例句：

• The party leader is facing opposition in his own backyard.该党领袖在自己的党內遇到了反对。
• The police tried to break down the prisoner's opposition.警察设法制住了那个囚犯的反抗。

3 inciting   

刺激的，煽动的

参考例句：

• What are you up to inciting mutiny and insubordination? 你们干吗在这里煽动骚动的叛乱呀。
• He was charged with inciting people to rebel. 他被控煽动民众起来叛乱。

4 hatred   

n.憎恶，憎恨，仇恨

参考例句：

• He looked at me with hatred in his eyes.他以憎恨的眼光望着我。
• The old man was seized with burning hatred for the fascists.老人对法西斯主义者充满了仇恨。

5 judgment   

n.审判；判断力，识别力，看法，意见

参考例句：

• The chairman flatters himself on his judgment of people.主席自认为他审视人比别人高明。
• He's a man of excellent judgment.他眼力过人。

6 prosecutors   

检举人( prosecutor的名词复数 )； 告发人； 起诉人； 公诉人

参考例句：

• In some places,public prosecutors are elected rather than appointed. 在有些地方，检察官是经选举而非任命产生的。 来自口语例句
• You've been summoned to the Prosecutors' Office, 2 days later. 你在两天以后被宣到了检察官的办公室。

7 outlawed   

宣布…为不合法（outlaw的过去式与过去分词形式）

参考例句：

• Most states have outlawed the use of marijuana. 大多数州都宣布使用大麻为非法行为。
• I hope the sale of tobacco will be outlawed someday. 我希望有朝一日烟草制品会禁止销售。

8 secular   

n.牧师，凡人；adj.世俗的，现世的，不朽的

参考例句：

• We live in an increasingly secular society.我们生活在一个日益非宗教的社会。
• Britain is a plural society in which the secular predominates.英国是个世俗主导的多元社会。

9 mosques   

清真寺； 伊斯兰教寺院，清真寺； 清真寺，伊斯兰教寺院( mosque的名词复数 )

参考例句：

• Why make us believe that this tunnel runs underneath the mosques? 为什么要让我们相信这条隧洞是在清真寺下？
• The city's three biggest mosques, long fallen into disrepair, have been renovated. 城里最大的三座清真寺，过去年久失修，现在已经修复。

10 prescriptions   

药( prescription的名词复数 )； 处方； 开处方； 计划

参考例句：

• The hospital of traditional Chinese medicine installed a computer to fill prescriptions. 中医医院装上了电子计算机来抓药。
• Her main job was filling the doctor's prescriptions. 她的主要工作就是给大夫开的药方配药。

11 wane   

n.衰微，亏缺，变弱；v.变小，亏缺，呈下弦

参考例句：

• The moon is on the wane.月亮渐亏。
• Her enthusiasm for him was beginning to wane.她对他的热情在开始减退。