2020年经济学人 一周要闻 英国增强疫情防控 西班牙疫情反弹 美大法官金斯伯格去世

The world this week

本周国际要闻

Politics

政治

Donald Trump¹ marshalled enough Republican votes in the Senate to consider a replacement² for Ruth Bader Ginsburg before the election on November 3rd. Ms Ginsburg’s death gives the party a window to fill her seat on the Supreme³ Court with a conservative, further tipping its ideological⁴ balance to the right. Ms Ginsburg, appointed by Bill Clinton in 1993, was accorded the honour of lying in state in the Capitol building, the first woman to do so.

特朗普在参议院获得了足够多的共和党选票，可以在11月3日大选前考虑接替鲁斯·巴德·金斯伯格(Ruth Bader Ginsburg)的人选。金斯伯格的去世为共和党提供了一个窗口，让保守派人士填补她在最高法院的席位，进一步将共和党的意识形态平衡向右倾斜。1993年由比尔·克林顿任命的金斯伯格女士被授予在国会大厦安放遗体的荣誉，她是第一位获此荣誉的女性。

A grand jury found no evidence to bring charges against three policemen for the fatal shooting of Breonna Taylor, a black woman, in Kentucky. Around midnight on March 13th police burst into Taylor’s flat without knocking to search for drugs. Her boyfriend, who later said he feared it was her ex-boyfriend breaking in, opened fire. The officers shot back, killing⁵ Taylor. No drugs were found. One officer, who fired through blinds, was charged with wantonly endangering the neighbours. After the decision, protests erupted and two officers were shot.

大陪审团没有发现任何证据来指控三名警察在肯塔基州枪杀黑人女性布伦娜·泰勒。3月13日午夜，警方没有敲门就闯入泰勒的公寓搜查毒品。她的男友后来表示，他以为是她的前男友闯进来，于是开了枪。警察开枪回击，将泰勒击毙。公寓内没有发现毒品。一名通过百叶窗开枪的警官被控肆意危害邻居。这一裁决公布后引发了抗议活动爆发，两名警察被枪杀。

Jeanine ánez, Bolivia’s interim⁶ president, dropped out as a candidate in the presidential election due to be held on October 18th. She said she hoped her withdrawal⁷ would boost the prospects⁸ of candidates running against Luis Arce, a leftist.

玻利维亚临时总统珍宁·阿涅斯(Jeanine anez)退出了原定于10月18日举行的总统选举。她说，希望自己的退出能够提升与左翼人士路易斯·阿尔切(Luis Arce)竞争的候选人的前景。

Peru’s president, Martín Vizcarra, survived a congressional vote to impeach⁹ him. Opposition¹⁰ politicians sought his ouster because, they claimed, leaked recordings¹¹ proved that he had tried to cover up ties with a folk singer, known as “Richard Swing”, who had supported him and then received government contracts.

秘鲁总统马丁·比斯卡拉(Martin Vizcarra)从国会的弹劾投票中成功脱身。反对派政客要求他下台的原因是，他们声称，泄露的录音证明他曾试图掩盖与一位名为“Richard Swing”的民谣歌手的关系，后者曾支持过他，后来又获得了政府的合同。

Alexei Navalny, the main opposition leader in Russia, was discharged from the hospital in Germany where he had been treated since being poisoned with Novichok, a nerve agent, in Russia.

俄罗斯主要反对派领导人阿列克谢·纳瓦尔尼(Alexei Navalny)在德国一家医院出院，他在那里接受了治疗，此前他在俄罗斯遭神经毒剂诺维乔克(Novichok)的毒害。

Italians voted in a referendum to cut the size of their parliament by more than a third.

意大利人在一次公投中投票决定将议会规模削减三分之一以上。

As cases of covid-19 continued to soar in Spain, the government appealed to residents of Madrid to stay at home. But it stopped short of declaring a state of emergency.

随着新冠肺炎病例在西班牙继续激增，政府呼吁马德里居民呆在家里。但该国没有宣布进入紧急状态。

Britain’s prime minister, Boris Johnson, announced new restrictions¹², as the number of daily covid-19 cases has trebled since the start of September. Last month he was prodding¹³ workers to return to offices. Now he says they are to work from home again. Mr Johnson urged people to act responsibly: “your mild cough can be someone else’s death knell”. The government announced a new scheme to safeguard jobs.

自9月初以来，每日新冠肺炎病例数量增加了两倍，英国首相鲍里斯·约翰逊宣布了新的限制措施。上个月，他敦促员工重返办公室。现在表示员工们又要居家办公了。约翰逊敦促人们采取负责任的行动:“你轻微的咳嗽可能会给别人敲响丧钟。”政府宣布了一项保护就业的新计划。

Wildlife officials said that toxic¹⁴ algal blooms in drinking holes caused the previously¹⁵ unexplained deaths of more than 300 elephants in Botswana in recent months. Botswana is home to one-third of Africa’s declining elephant population.

野生动物官员称，近几个月，水坑里的有毒藻类大量繁殖，导致博茨瓦纳300多头大象离奇死亡。非洲的大象数量不断减少，有三分之一的大象生活在博茨瓦纳。

1 trump   

n.王牌，法宝；v.打出王牌，吹喇叭

参考例句：

• He was never able to trump up the courage to have a showdown.他始终鼓不起勇气摊牌。
• The coach saved his star player for a trump card.教练保留他的明星选手，作为他的王牌。

2 replacement   

n.取代，替换，交换；替代品，代用品

参考例句：

• We are hard put to find a replacement for our assistant.我们很难找到一个人来代替我们的助手。
• They put all the students through the replacement examination.他们让所有的学生参加分班考试。

3 supreme   

adj.极度的，最重要的；至高的，最高的

参考例句：

• It was the supreme moment in his life.那是他一生中最重要的时刻。
• He handed up the indictment to the supreme court.他把起诉书送交最高法院。

4 ideological   

a.意识形态的

参考例句：

• He always tries to link his study with his ideological problems. 他总是把学习和自己的思想问题联系起来。
• He helped me enormously with advice on how to do ideological work. 他告诉我怎样做思想工作，对我有很大帮助。

5 killing   

n.巨额利润；突然赚大钱，发大财

参考例句：

• Investors are set to make a killing from the sell-off.投资者准备清仓以便大赚一笔。
• Last week my brother made a killing on Wall Street.上个周我兄弟在华尔街赚了一大笔。

6 interim   

adj.暂时的，临时的；n.间歇，过渡期间

参考例句：

• The government is taking interim measures to help those in immediate need.政府正在采取临时措施帮助那些有立即需要的人。
• It may turn out to be an interim technology.这可能只是个过渡技术。

7 withdrawal   

n.取回，提款；撤退，撤军；收回，撤销

参考例句：

• The police were forced to make a tactical withdrawal.警方被迫进行战术撤退。
• They insisted upon a withdrawal of the statement and a public apology.他们坚持要收回那些话并公开道歉。

8 prospects   

n.希望，前途(恒为复数)

参考例句：

• There is a mood of pessimism in the company about future job prospects. 公司中有一种对工作前景悲观的情绪。
• They are less sanguine about the company's long-term prospects. 他们对公司的远景不那么乐观。

9 impeach   

v.弹劾；检举

参考例句：

• We must impeach the judge for taking bribes.我们一定要检举法官收受贿赂。
• The committee decided to impeach the President.委员会决定弹劾总统。

10 opposition   

n.反对，敌对

参考例句：

• The party leader is facing opposition in his own backyard.该党领袖在自己的党內遇到了反对。
• The police tried to break down the prisoner's opposition.警察设法制住了那个囚犯的反抗。

11 recordings   

n.记录( recording的名词复数 )；录音；录像；唱片

参考例句：

• a boxed set of original recordings 一套盒装原声录音带
• old jazz recordings reissued on CD 以激光唱片重新发行的老爵士乐

12 restrictions   

约束( restriction的名词复数 )； 管制； 制约因素； 带限制性的条件（或规则）

参考例句：

• I found the restrictions irksome. 我对那些限制感到很烦。
• a snaggle of restrictions 杂乱无章的种种限制

13 prodding   

v.刺，戳( prod的现在分词 )；刺激；促使；（用手指或尖物）戳

参考例句：

• He needed no prodding. 他不用督促。
• The boy is prodding the animal with a needle. 那男孩正用一根针刺那动物。 来自《现代英汉综合大词典》

14 toxic   

adj.有毒的，因中毒引起的

参考例句：

• The factory had accidentally released a quantity of toxic waste into the sea.这家工厂意外泄漏大量有毒废物到海中。
• There is a risk that toxic chemicals might be blasted into the atmosphere.爆炸后有毒化学物质可能会进入大气层。

15 previously   

adv.以前，先前（地）

参考例句：

• The bicycle tyre blew out at a previously damaged point.自行车胎在以前损坏过的地方又爆开了。
• Let me digress for a moment and explain what had happened previously.让我岔开一会儿，解释原先发生了什么。