2020年经济学人 一周要闻 英国恢复全国封锁 丹麦扑杀水貂 美国单日新增病例超10万

With COVID-19 soaring in some areas, England went back into a national lockdown. Non-essential shops, pubs, restaurants, gyms and other public places will close until December 2nd, but schools and building sites remain open. A government scheme that pays 80% of wages for furloughed staff was extended for another month. COVID-19 restrictions¹ were also tightened² in Belgium. Family visits are banned, and all non-essential shops closed.

随着新冠疫情在一些地区的反弹，英国重新恢复了全国封锁措施。非必需的商店、酒吧、餐馆、健身房和其他公共场所将关闭到12月2日，但学校和建筑工地仍然正常开放。一项为休假员工支付80%工资的政府计划又延长了一个月。比利时也加强了针对新冠肺炎的限制措施。禁止探亲，所有不必要的商店都关门了。

Denmark decided³ to cull⁴ 17m mink⁵, fearing that a mutation⁶ of the coronavirus that has been found in the animals could weaken the effectiveness of a vaccine⁷. Denmark is the world’s largest producer of mink skins.

由于担心在动物身上发现的冠状病毒突变会削弱疫苗的效力，丹麦决定宰杀1700万只水貂。丹麦是世界上最大的水貂皮生产国。

An earthquake in Turkey near the coastal⁸ city of Izmir killed at least 110 people. Scores of residents are still missing.

土耳其沿海城市伊兹密尔附近发生地震，造成至少110人死亡。数十名居民仍下落不明。

Prosecutors⁹ in Rio de Janeiro charged Flávio Bolsonaro, the eldest¹⁰ son of Brazil’s president, Jair Bolsonaro, with corruption¹¹ and money-laundering. He is accused of taking some of the salaries paid to aides when he was a legislator in the state, a practice known as Rachadinha. He is now a federal senator.

里约热内卢的检察官指控巴西总统贾伊尔·博尔索纳罗的长子弗拉维奥·博尔索纳罗犯有腐败和洗钱罪。他被控在担任该州议员时收取助手的部分薪水，这种行为被称为“Rachadinha”计划。弗拉维奥现在担任联邦参议员。

Brazil’s space-research institute said that the number of wildfires in the Pantanal, which contains the world’s largest tropical wetland area, reached a record high in October. The area is renowned¹² for its abundance of animal life.

巴西空间研究所表示，潘塔纳尔森林野火的数量在10月份达到了历史新高。潘塔纳尔拥有世界上最大的热带湿地。这个地区以动物种类多样而闻名。

Typhoon Goni slammed into the Philippine islands of Catanduanes and Luzon with winds of 225kph, among the most ferocious¹³ landfalls ever recorded; 20 people died and 25,000 homes were destroyed.

台风“戈尼”袭击了菲律宾的卡坦杜内斯群岛和吕宋岛，风速达到每小时225公里，是有记录以来最猛烈的一次登陆；台风造成20人死亡，2.5万座房屋被毁。

Terrorists from the Afghan affiliate¹⁴ of Islamic State attacked Kabul University, killing¹⁵ 22 students before being shot by security forces.

来自伊斯兰国阿富汗分支的恐怖分子袭击了喀布尔大学，造成22名学生遇难，袭击者随后被安全部队击毙。

The government of New Zealand announced the results of two referendums. Voters opted¹⁶ to legalise assisted dying but not marijuana.

新西兰政府宣布了两次公投的结果。选民们支持将安乐死合法化，反对将大麻合法化。

Coronavirus briefs

疫情一览

America recorded 100,000 new cases in a day.

美国单日新增病例达10万例。

The number ofdaily deaths in Italy hit its highest level since early May. Hospitals in Germany were urged to postpone¹⁷ non-urgent operations to make beds available.

意大利单日死亡人数达到5月初以来的最高水平。德国的医院被敦促推迟非紧急手术以空出床位。

The French health minister said that in Paris one person was becoming infected every 30 seconds, and hospitals were admitting someone with the disease every 15 minutes.

法国卫生部长表示，在巴黎，每30秒就有一人被感染，医院每15分钟就会收治一名患者。

Saudi Arabia allowed foreign pilgrims back into Mecca. They must self-isolate for three days and submit to frequent testing.

沙特阿拉伯允许外国朝圣者返回麦加。他们必须自我隔离三天，还需要频繁得接受检测。

Machu Picchu reopened to tourists after eight months of shutdown. The majestic¹⁸ Inca site is restricting visitor numbers; Peru has a high death rate from the disease.

马丘比丘在关闭八个月后重新向游客开放。这座宏伟的印加遗址对游客数量施加了限制；秘鲁的新冠肺炎死亡率很高。

1 restrictions   

约束( restriction的名词复数 )； 管制； 制约因素； 带限制性的条件（或规则）

参考例句：

• I found the restrictions irksome. 我对那些限制感到很烦。
• a snaggle of restrictions 杂乱无章的种种限制

2 tightened   

收紧( tighten的过去式和过去分词 )； （使）变紧； （使）绷紧； 加紧

参考例句：

• The rope holding the boat suddenly tightened and broke. 系船的绳子突然绷断了。
• His index finger tightened on the trigger but then relaxed again. 他的食指扣住扳机，然后又松开了。

3 decided   

adj.决定了的，坚决的；明显的，明确的

参考例句：

• This gave them a decided advantage over their opponents.这使他们比对手具有明显的优势。
• There is a decided difference between British and Chinese way of greeting.英国人和中国人打招呼的方式有很明显的区别。

4 cull   

v.拣选；剔除；n.拣出的东西；剔除

参考例句：

• It is usually good practice to cull the poorest prior to field planting.通常在实践上的好方法是在出圃栽植前挑出最弱的苗木。
• Laura was passing around photographs she'd culled from the albums at home.劳拉正在分发她从家里相册中挑选出的相片。

5 mink   

n.貂，貂皮

参考例句：

• She was wearing a blue dress and a mink coat.她穿着一身蓝色的套装和一件貂皮大衣。
• He started a mink ranch and made a fortune in five years. 他开了个水貂养殖场，五年之内就赚了不少钱。

6 mutation   

n.变化，变异，转变

参考例句：

• People who have this mutation need less sleep than others.有这种突变的人需要的睡眠比其他人少。
• So far the discussion has centered entirely around mutation in the strict sense.到目前为止，严格来讲，讨论完全集中于围绕突变问题上。

7 vaccine   

n.牛痘苗，疫苗；adj.牛痘的，疫苗的

参考例句：

• The polio vaccine has saved millions of lives.脊髓灰质炎疫苗挽救了数以百万计的生命。
• She takes a vaccine against influenza every fall.她每年秋季接种流感疫苗。

8 coastal   

adj.海岸的，沿海的，沿岸的

参考例句：

• The ocean waves are slowly eating away the coastal rocks.大海的波浪慢慢地侵蚀着岸边的岩石。
• This country will fortify the coastal areas.该国将加强沿海地区的防御。

9 prosecutors   

检举人( prosecutor的名词复数 )； 告发人； 起诉人； 公诉人

参考例句：

• In some places,public prosecutors are elected rather than appointed. 在有些地方，检察官是经选举而非任命产生的。 来自口语例句
• You've been summoned to the Prosecutors' Office, 2 days later. 你在两天以后被宣到了检察官的办公室。

10 eldest   

adj.最年长的，最年老的

参考例句：

• The King's eldest son is the heir to the throne.国王的长子是王位的继承人。
• The castle and the land are entailed on the eldest son.城堡和土地限定由长子继承。

11 corruption   

n.腐败，堕落，贪污

参考例句：

• The people asked the government to hit out against corruption and theft.人民要求政府严惩贪污盗窃。
• The old man reviled against corruption.那老人痛斥了贪污舞弊。

12 renowned   

adj.著名的，有名望的，声誉鹊起的

参考例句：

• He is one of the world's renowned writers.他是世界上知名的作家之一。
• She is renowned for her advocacy of human rights.她以提倡人权而闻名。

13 ferocious   

adj.凶猛的，残暴的，极度的，十分强烈的

参考例句：

• The ferocious winds seemed about to tear the ship to pieces.狂风仿佛要把船撕成碎片似的。
• The ferocious panther is chasing a rabbit.那只凶猛的豹子正追赶一只兔子。

14 affiliate   

vt.使隶(附)属于；n.附属机构，分公司

参考例句：

• Our New York company has an affiliate in Los Angeles.我们的纽约公司在洛杉矶有一个下属企业。
• What is the difference between affiliate and regular membership?固定会员和附属会员之间的区别是什么？

15 killing   

n.巨额利润；突然赚大钱，发大财

参考例句：

• Investors are set to make a killing from the sell-off.投资者准备清仓以便大赚一笔。
• Last week my brother made a killing on Wall Street.上个周我兄弟在华尔街赚了一大笔。

16 opted   

v.选择，挑选( opt的过去式和过去分词 )

参考例句：

• She was co-opted onto the board. 她获增选为董事会成员。
• After graduating she opted for a career in music. 毕业后她选择了从事音乐工作。

17 postpone   

v.延期，推迟

参考例句：

• I shall postpone making a decision till I learn full particulars.在未获悉详情之前我得从缓作出决定。
• She decided to postpone the converastion for that evening.她决定当天晚上把谈话搁一搁。

18 majestic   

adj.雄伟的，壮丽的，庄严的，威严的，崇高的

参考例句：

• In the distance rose the majestic Alps.远处耸立着雄伟的阿尔卑斯山。
• He looks majestic in uniform.他穿上军装显得很威风。