美国国家公共电台 NPR--Nobel Peace Prize: Human rights activists in Ukraine, Russia and Belarus are honored

Nobel Peace Prize: Human rights activists¹ in Ukraine, Russia and Belarus are honored

Transcript²

The winners are human rights advocate Ales Bialiatski from Belarus, as well as the Russian human rights organization Memorial and the Ukrainian human rights organization Center for Civil Liberties.

LEILA FADEL, HOST:

This year's Nobel Peace Prize has been awarded to two human rights organizations - one from Ukraine, the other from Russia - and one human rights campaigner from Belarus.

(SOUNDBITE OF ARCHIVED RECORDING)

BERIT REISS-ANDERSEN: This year's peace prize is awarded to human rights advocate Ales Bialiatski from Belarus, the Russian human rights organization Memorial and the Ukrainian human rights organization Center for Civil Liberties.

FADEL: Joining us now with more on today's announcement is NPR's Rob Schmitz in Berlin. Hi, Rob.

ROB SCHMITZ, BYLINE³: Good morning.

FADEL: Good morning. So tell us more about these three recipients⁵ of the Nobel Peace Prize. Who are they?

SCHMITZ: So I'll start with Ales Bialiatski. He was one of the founders⁶ of the democracy movement in 1980s Belarus and is one of the country's most well-known human rights activists. He's led a 30-year campaign for democracy and freedom in the former Soviet⁷ republic. And in 1996, he founded a group that helped political prisoners in the country's capital of Minsk. Since then, it's become the country's leading civil society organization. It continues to document human rights abuses and monitor elections. Bialiatski has been persecuted⁸ by the regime of Alexander Lukashenko for years and has been in and out of prison. He's currently back in prison on what many believe are trumped-up charges on tax evasion⁹, but he never went to trial on these charges.

FADEL: And what about the two other recipients of this award?

SCHMITZ: So the Russian human rights group Memorial has worked to preserve the stories of those who suffered during the Soviet Union's darkest days. And the organization emerged from the brief window of freedom that began during the collapse¹⁰ of the Soviet Union. The group was founded by human rights campaigner and Nobel laureate Andrei Sakharov, and it sought to document Stalinist-era repressions¹¹ and preserve the memory of the millions of people who vanished in the network of labor¹² camps called the Gulag. Last year, the government of Vladimir Putin ordered Memorial to shut down for allegedly violating a foreign agents law. Now, the third recipient⁴ of today's award is Ukraine's Center for Civil Liberties. Now, this is a Kyiv-based human rights group that is hard at work collecting evidence of Russian war crimes inside of Ukraine, a crucial job that will become more important as this war rages on.

FADEL: Now, this news comes in the middle of Russia's continued war on Ukraine.

SCHMITZ: Right.

FADEL: And this year's Peace Prize recipients are in Russia, Ukraine, Belarus. What message was the Nobel Committee trying to send with this, do you think?

SCHMITZ: Yeah. After the award was announced, I spoke¹³ to Kadri Liik. She's the Russia and Eastern Europe expert at the European Council on Foreign Relations. And here's what she said.

KADRI LIIK: They have chosen Russia, Ukraine, Belarus. And Russia and Ukraine are at war, which Russia started. Belarus sides with Russia but somewhat reluctantly, while not being a democratic country, having suppressed democratic protests on its own soil. I think the message is clear. We are not pro¹⁴ or anti-countries. We are pro-democracy and human rights.

SCHMITZ: And Liik added that she believes this award will not go unnoticed inside of Russia. Former Soviet leader Mikhail Gorbachev won it, and last year the editor of Novaya Gazeta, an independent Russian newspaper, won the award. So you've got three recipients winning another Nobel Peace Prize for their fight against human rights violations¹⁵. And she told me that Russian state news will likely ignore the announcement but that the people of Russia will absorb it, and it would have an impact in its own way.

FADEL: NPR's Rob Schmitz, thank you.

SCHMITZ: Thank you.

1 activists   

n.（政治活动的）积极分子，活动家( activist的名词复数 )

参考例句：

• His research work was attacked by animal rights activists . 他的研究受到了动物权益维护者的抨击。
• Party activists with lower middle class pedigrees are numerous. 党的激进分子中有很多出身于中产阶级下层。 来自《简明英汉词典》

2 transcript   

n.抄本，誊本，副本，肄业证书

参考例句：

• A transcript of the tapes was presented as evidence in court.一份录音带的文字本作为证据被呈交法庭。
• They wouldn't let me have a transcript of the interview.他们拒绝给我一份采访的文字整理稿。

3 byline   

n.署名；v.署名

参考例句：

• His byline was absent as well.他的署名也不见了。
• We wish to thank the author of this article which carries no byline.我们要感谢这篇文章的那位没有署名的作者。

4 recipient   

a.接受的,感受性强的 n.接受者,感受者,容器

参考例句：

• Please check that you have a valid email certificate for each recipient. 请检查是否对每个接收者都有有效的电子邮件证书。
• Colombia is the biggest U . S aid recipient in Latin America. 哥伦比亚是美国在拉丁美洲最大的援助对象。

5 recipients   

adj.接受的；受领的；容纳的；愿意接受的n.收件人；接受者；受领者；接受器

参考例句：

• The recipients of the prizes had their names printed in the paper. 获奖者的姓名登在报上。 来自《简明英汉词典》
• The recipients of prizes had their names printed in the paper. 获奖者名单登在报上。 来自《现代英汉综合大词典》

6 founders   

n.创始人( founder的名词复数 )

参考例句：

• He was one of the founders of the university's medical faculty. 他是该大学医学院的创建人之一。 来自辞典例句
• The founders of our religion made this a cornerstone of morality. 我们宗教的创始人把这看作是道德的基石。 来自辞典例句

7 Soviet   

adj.苏联的，苏维埃的；n.苏维埃

参考例句：

• Zhukov was a marshal of the former Soviet Union.朱可夫是前苏联的一位元帅。
• Germany began to attack the Soviet Union in 1941.德国在1941年开始进攻苏联。

8 persecuted   

（尤指宗教或政治信仰的）迫害(~sb. for sth.)( persecute的过去式和过去分词 )； 烦扰，困扰或骚扰某人

参考例句：

• Throughout history, people have been persecuted for their religious beliefs. 人们因宗教信仰而受迫害的情况贯穿了整个历史。
• Members of these sects are ruthlessly persecuted and suppressed. 这些教派的成员遭到了残酷的迫害和镇压。

9 evasion   

n.逃避，偷漏(税)

参考例句：

• The movie star is in prison for tax evasion.那位影星因为逃税而坐牢。
• The act was passed as a safeguard against tax evasion.这项法案旨在防止逃税行为。

10 collapse   

vi.累倒；昏倒；倒塌；塌陷

参考例句：

• The country's economy is on the verge of collapse.国家的经济已到了崩溃的边缘。
• The engineer made a complete diagnosis of the bridge's collapse.工程师对桥的倒塌做了一次彻底的调查分析。

11 repressions   

n.压抑( repression的名词复数 )；约束；抑制；镇压

参考例句：

12 labor   

n.劳动，努力，工作，劳工；分娩；vi.劳动，努力，苦干；vt.详细分析；麻烦

参考例句：

• We are never late in satisfying him for his labor.我们从不延误付给他劳动报酬。
• He was completely spent after two weeks of hard labor.艰苦劳动两周后，他已经疲惫不堪了。

13 spoke   

n.（车轮的）辐条；轮辐；破坏某人的计划；阻挠某人的行动 v.讲，谈（speak的过去式）；说；演说；从某种观点来说

参考例句：

• They sourced the spoke nuts from our company.他们的轮辐螺帽是从我们公司获得的。
• The spokes of a wheel are the bars that connect the outer ring to the centre.辐条是轮子上连接外圈与中心的条棒。

14 pro   

n.赞成，赞成的意见，赞成者

参考例句：

• The two debating teams argued the question pro and con.辩论的两组从赞成与反对两方面辩这一问题。
• Are you pro or con nuclear disarmament?你是赞成还是反对核裁军？

15 violations   

违反( violation的名词复数 )； 冒犯； 违反（行为、事例）； 强奸

参考例句：

• This is one of the commonest traffic violations. 这是常见的违反交通规则之例。
• These violations of the code must cease forthwith. 这些违犯法规的行为必须立即停止。