美国国家公共电台 NPR--Soaring electricity bills are the latest inflation flashpoint

Soaring electricity bills are the latest inflation flashpoint

Transcript¹

Inflation cooled a bit last month, thanks in part to falling gasoline prices, but for many families, there's another major strain on their household budget: soaring electricity bills.

Take Bernice Brown, a retiree in Tuscaloosa, Ala.. In both July and August, her power bill topped a jaw-dropping $400.

"It's been damaging to be honest," she says.

But there's little she can do about it.

"The heat here is horrible," she says, noting her neighborhood near the University of Alabama campus doesn't have many shade trees. "The houses are just sitting, baking."

A report from the Labor² Department Tuesday shows the country's annual inflation rate dipped to 8.3% in August, from 8.5% in July. But many families are still struggling with the rising cost of groceries, rent, and other essentials like electricity.

Electricity prices have jumped 15.8% in the last year, largely as a result of high-priced natural gas, which is used to generate nearly 40% of the nation's power.

The rising price of power has been compounded by soaring temperatures, which have kept air conditioners working overtime³.

"It was one heat wave after another," said Mark Wolfe, executive director of the National Energy Assistance Directors Association. "Families need to use air conditioning to stay safe."

NEADA estimates the average family's cooling costs rose from $450 last summer to about $600 this year.

Six months of summer

Dale Cooper's power bills in Phoenix⁴ are even higher.

"We have six months of summer with over 100-degree heat," says Cooper, who earns $13.50 an hour as a restaurant cashier. "If I didn't have roommates, I wouldn't be able to make it on the salary that I have."

While Cooper, who's 59, will likely get a break on utility costs during the mild Phoenix winter, people in colder parts of the country are likely to face significantly higher heating bills.

NEADA predicts the average family will pay $1,202 to heat their home this winter — 17% more than last year. For the six in 10 families whose heat comes from natural gas, the increase in heating costs could be 34%.

"There's no sign these prices are coming down," Wolfe says. "All the signs point to more expensive costs of home heating, and they could spike⁵ if it's cold."

NEADA says more than 20 million families have fallen behind on their utility bills and the average amount they owe has grown to $792 — nearly double what it was before the pandemic.

"It's not a question of are families heating and cooling their homes responsibly," Wolfe says. "Families do this. They turn the heat down as low as they can. They use air conditioning sparingly. It's just that the cost of home heating and home cooling has gone up so much that low-income families are struggling to pay these bills."

Other costs still sting

Heating and cooling bills come on top of rising costs for other essentials such as shelter and food. Housing costs rose 6.2% for the twelve months ending in August, while grocery prices jumped 13.5%.

"To get decent, healthy food, the prices are extremely high," said Brown, in Tuscaloosa.

That's keeping the Federal Reserve on guard, even as overall inflation was tempered last month by the steep drop in gasoline prices. Gas prices tumbled nearly 40 cents a gallon during August to $3.84, according to the American Automobile⁶ Association.

Gasoline prices are among the most visible in the country, and they often carry an outsize psychological impact. As pump prices have declined, Americans' worries about inflation have also eased a bit.

A new NPR/PBS Newshour/Marist poll finds that inflation is the number one concern for 30% of adults this fall, down from 37% in July.

Despite the drop in gasoline prices, officials at the Fed say they are still not satisfied that overall inflation is moving back towards their target of 2%.

"I got burned last year," Fed governor Christopher Waller said in a speech last week.

He noted⁷ that inflation appeared to be falling last summer only to have prices take off again in the fall.

"We're very cautious about getting burned again," Waller said. "So it's got to be a real, permanent longer-term decline than like what happened last year."

The Fed is expected to raise interest rates by another 0.75 percentage points next week, and keep borrowing costs elevated until officials are confident that prices — including for essentials like electricity —are under control.

1 transcript   

n.抄本，誊本，副本，肄业证书

参考例句：

• A transcript of the tapes was presented as evidence in court.一份录音带的文字本作为证据被呈交法庭。
• They wouldn't let me have a transcript of the interview.他们拒绝给我一份采访的文字整理稿。

2 labor   

n.劳动，努力，工作，劳工；分娩；vi.劳动，努力，苦干；vt.详细分析；麻烦

参考例句：

• We are never late in satisfying him for his labor.我们从不延误付给他劳动报酬。
• He was completely spent after two weeks of hard labor.艰苦劳动两周后，他已经疲惫不堪了。

3 overtime   

adj.超时的，加班的；adv.加班地

参考例句：

• They are working overtime to finish the work.为了完成任务他们正在加班加点地工作。
• He was paid for the overtime he worked.他领到了加班费。

4 phoenix   

n.凤凰，长生(不死)鸟；引申为重生

参考例句：

• The airline rose like a phoenix from the ashes.这家航空公司又起死回生了。
• The phoenix worship of China is fetish worship not totem adoration.中国凤崇拜是灵物崇拜而非图腾崇拜。

5 spike   

n.长钉，钉鞋；v.以大钉钉牢，使...失效

参考例句：

• The spike pierced the receipts and held them in order.那个钉子穿过那些收据并使之按顺序排列。
• They'll do anything to spike the guns of the opposition.他们会使出各种手段来挫败对手。

6 automobile   

n.汽车，机动车

参考例句：

• He is repairing the brake lever of an automobile.他正在修理汽车的刹车杆。
• The automobile slowed down to go around the curves in the road.汽车在路上转弯时放慢了速度。

7 noted   

adj.著名的，知名的

参考例句：

• The local hotel is noted for its good table.当地的那家酒店以餐食精美而著称。
• Jim is noted for arriving late for work.吉姆上班迟到出了名。