英语专四 短文听力 Passage 5-1

 短文

Questions 11 to 13 are based on the following passage.

During an early twenty-first century survey of full-time¹ employees, when asked what gave them job satisfaction, 72% said having an inspirational leader. 55% of those questioned found satisfaction in the challenging nature of their work, 50%—by being well paid, and 40% said flexible working hours. Consequently², we can see that this indicates that today, (11) an employee’s opinion of the quality of the leadership in their workplace is an important factor influencing belief in the company as a good place to work.

Motivation varies³ over a person’s working life and also according to where they live. Studies show that people have different goals in different countries. For example, a good lifestyle would appear to be more important in Spain than it is in Sweden. Financial security⁴ is more important in the U. S. than in the UK. (12) Social contact at work is important to workers in both Germany and Australia, but not of top importance in Britain and Italy. As to high status—this is more important in the USA than to Europeans. These results indicate clear differences between countries， but I don’t think they should be taken too seriously.

There are many theories which have attempted to explain the nature of motivation. These theories are partially⁵ true，and by and large all help to explain the behavior of certain people at certain times. However, none really provide all the answers. (13) The best a company can do is to provide people with the right environment to be self-motivated. If they are self-motivated, they will perform well.

 

题目

Passage 5

In this section you will hear several passages. Listen to the passages carefully and then answer the questions that follow?

Questions 11 to 13 are based on the following passage. At the end of the passage, you will be given 15 seconds to answer the questions.

Now, listen to the passage.

11. What is it that decides the employees to regard the company as a good workplace?

A. An inspirational leader.

B. A challenging work.

C. A handsome salary.

D. Flexible working hours.

12. German workers attach greater importance to than British workers.

A. the lifestyle

B. financial security

C. social contact at work

D. high status

13. What’s the best way for the company to motivate its staff?

A. Offering a high salary.

B. Offering a complete welfare package.

C. Building the mechanism⁶ of competition.

D. Creating an atmosphere favorable⁷ for the staff’s self-motivation.

 

答案解析

Passage 5

11. A细节题。录音一开始提到一项调查，72%的职员认为他们的工作满意度来源于 能鼓舞人的领导。调查的结论是职员对领导的评价是影响职员是否认可公司的一 个重要因素，所以选A。

12. C推断题。抓住题干中的German和British，留意捕捉与此相关的信息。录音中 提及德国和澳大利亚的工人比英国和意大利的工人更看重工作中的社会联系，所 以答案为C。

13. D细节题。注意题干关键词best。录音结尾提到公司能做的最好方式就是给员 工提供合适的环境，以期员工自我激励，D项是末句的同义转述，为正确选项。

1 full-time   

adj.满工作日的或工作周的，全时间的

参考例句：

• A full-time job may be too much for her.全天工作她恐怕吃不消。
• I don't know how she copes with looking after her family and doing a full-time job.既要照顾家庭又要全天工作，我不知道她是如何对付的。

2 consequently   

adv.因此，因而，所以

参考例句：

• She was a bright and eager student and,consequently,did well in school.她是个聪明好学的学生，因此学习成绩很好。
• The company went bankrupt and consequently he lost his job.公司破产，因此他失业了。

3 varies   

变化( vary的第三人称单数 )； [生物学]变异； 相应变化； 呈现不同

参考例句：

• The need for sleep varies considerably from person to person. 不同的人对睡眠的需要差异相当大。
• the stultifying effects of work that never varies 一成不变的工作造成的使人呆滞的后果

4 security   

n.安全，安全感；防护措施；保证(金)，抵押(品)；债券，证券

参考例句：

• A security guard brought him down with a flying tackle.一名保安人员飞身把他抱倒。
• There was tight security at the airport when the President's plane landed.总统的专机降落时，机场的保安措施很严密。

5 partially   

adv.部分地，从某些方面讲

参考例句：

• The door was partially concealed by the drapes.门有一部分被门帘遮住了。
• The police managed to restore calm and the curfew was partially lifted.警方设法恢复了平静，宵禁部分解除。

6 mechanism   

n.机械装置；机构，结构

参考例句：

• The bones and muscles are parts of the mechanism of the body.骨骼和肌肉是人体的组成部件。
• The mechanism of the machine is very complicated.这台机器的结构是非常复杂的。

7 favorable   

adj.赞成的，赞成的；有利的，良好的，顺利的

参考例句：

• The book received a favorable review.这本书赢得了好评。
• Each nation suppressed news that was not favorable to it.每个国家都扣留对它不利的消息。