NPR 2008-04-22

In her last chance to speak to the voters of Pennsylvania before tomorrow's primary, Senator Hillary Clinton went on a cross-state campaign swing today. Mark Nootbaar of member station WDUQ has more from Pittsburgh.

 Senator Clinton spoke¹ about making health care and education affordable² for everyone, getting the troops out of Iraq, transition into clean energy, ceding³ biomedical research and investing in the nation's transportation infrastructure⁴. "We haven't done that for at least 25, 30 years in the way that we need to, but I believe we could do the same we did during World War II when we sold war bonds. Let's sell Build America Bonds and let people buy those bonds, put them to work here in Pittsburgh and across Pennsylvania. " Clinton also spoke of making the tax code fair for working Americans and creating trade laws that help America. In the most recent polls, Hillary Clinton retains a small lead over Senator Barack Obama who’s been closing the gap in recent weeks. Obama will end his day in Pittsburgh with a rally on the University of Pittsburgh campus. For NPR News, I'm Mark Nootbaar, in Pittsburgh.

 Barack Obama, in the Keystone State today, accused the Clinton camp of playing on voters' fears. He pointed⁵ to an ad campaign Clinton has been running, showing the image of Osama Bin⁶ Laden⁷, the stock market crash and the bombing of Pearl Harbor designed to promote herself as the best candidate to handle an uncertain world. In an interview with NPR today, Obama accused his rival of playing politics as usual. "On critical issues of both domestic and foreign policy, Senator Clinton has generally embraced the conventional view. She has oftentimes gone along with the politics of the moment. " Obama has already hinted while he believes Hillary Clinton will win tomorrow's Democratic primary, he thinks it will be closer than many people think. Up for grabs in Pennsylvania are 158 Democratic delegates.

Republican presidential hopeful John McCain is campaigning in Alabama today. All this week, he is touring parts of the country that have been left behind economically. NPR's Scott Horsley reports.

 John McCain visited the bridge in Selma where civil rights marchers were beaten in 1965. He said those marchers helped to overcome the nation's indifference⁸ to racial discrimination, but that 43 years later, people in Selma and other areas are still struggling. "There must be no forgotten places in America, whether they have been ignored for long years by the sins of indifference and injustice⁹, or have been left behind as the world grew smaller and more economically interdependent. " McCain offered little in the way of government help, saying only that the government should remove roadblocks that keep people from making choices for themselves. He will also be talking this week about using competition to improve education. Scott Horsley, NPR News.

 On Wall Street today, the Dow Jones Industrial Average was down 24 points to end the session at 12,825. The NASDAQ gained five(10以下数字请用英文写^^) points.

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 Officials at the Food and Drug Administration have issued a warning to Baxter International, maker¹⁰ of the blood-thinning drug heparin, saying the company's current supplier has failed to ensure its manufacturing process can remove all impurities¹¹. The letter is in reference to a Chinese supplier of an ingredient in the drug. The announcement from the FDA comes as Chinese officials have voiced doubts the contaminant found in the blood-thinner used in various surgeries to prevent blood clotting¹² is the cause of severe allergic¹³ reactions in hundreds of patients. It has been blamed for 62 deaths.

 A large study of cancer survivors¹⁴ finds people with melanoma on their scalp or neck almost twice as likely to die than those with melanoma on other parts of their bodies. NPR's Allison Aubrey reports.

 Researchers at the University of North Carolina analyzed¹⁵ more than 50, 000 cases of the skin cancer melanoma. They found that 14% of people who had melanoma of the scalp or neck died from the disease. This compares to only six percent(10以下数字请用英语写^^） for those with melanoma elsewhere, such as on face or ears. Researchers say it's possible that cancers on the scalp are diagnosed later than those on the face or extremities¹⁶. But this alone does not explain the big difference in survival. UNC dermatologist¹⁷, Nancy Thomas, says people who spend a lot of time outdoors should cover their heads. "Wearing a hat would be excellent protection. And in addition, applying sunscreen on any areas of thin hair on the part would be helpful. " The study is published in the Archives of Dermatology. Allison Aubrey, NPR News.

 The price of oil continues to set new records to the upside. Crude oil futures¹⁸ began the week by gaining another 79 cents a barrel to settle at $117.48 a barrel on the New York Mercantile Exchange.

1 spoke   

n.（车轮的）辐条；轮辐；破坏某人的计划；阻挠某人的行动 v.讲，谈（speak的过去式）；说；演说；从某种观点来说

参考例句：

• They sourced the spoke nuts from our company.他们的轮辐螺帽是从我们公司获得的。
• The spokes of a wheel are the bars that connect the outer ring to the centre.辐条是轮子上连接外圈与中心的条棒。

2 affordable   

adj.支付得起的，不太昂贵的

参考例句：

• The rent for the four-roomed house is affordable.四居室房屋的房租付得起。
• There are few affordable apartments in big cities.在大城市中没有几所公寓是便宜的。

3 ceding   

v.让给，割让，放弃( cede的现在分词 )

参考例句：

• He was ceding line but more slowly all the time. 他正在放出钓索，然而越来越慢了。 来自英汉文学 - 老人与海
• Settlement would require ceding some Egyptian territory. 解决办法将要求埃及让出一些领土。 来自辞典例句

4 infrastructure   

n.下部构造，下部组织，基础结构，基础设施

参考例句：

• We should step up the development of infrastructure for research.加强科学基础设施建设。
• We should strengthen cultural infrastructure and boost various types of popular culture.加强文化基础设施建设，发展各类群众文化。

5 pointed   

adj.尖的，直截了当的

参考例句：

• He gave me a very sharp pointed pencil.他给我一支削得非常尖的铅笔。
• She wished to show Mrs.John Dashwood by this pointed invitation to her brother.她想通过对达茨伍德夫人提出直截了当的邀请向她的哥哥表示出来。

6 bin   

n.箱柜；vt.放入箱内；[计算机] DOS文件名:二进制目标文件

参考例句：

• He emptied several bags of rice into a bin.他把几袋米倒进大箱里。
• He threw the empty bottles in the bin.他把空瓶子扔进垃圾箱。

7 laden   

adj.装满了的；充满了的；负了重担的；苦恼的

参考例句：

• He is laden with heavy responsibility.他肩负重任。
• Dragging the fully laden boat across the sand dunes was no mean feat.将满载货物的船拖过沙丘是一件了不起的事。

8 indifference   

n.不感兴趣，不关心，冷淡，不在乎

参考例句：

• I was disappointed by his indifference more than somewhat.他的漠不关心使我很失望。
• He feigned indifference to criticism of his work.他假装毫不在意别人批评他的作品。

9 injustice   

n.非正义，不公正，不公平，侵犯（别人的）权利

参考例句：

• They complained of injustice in the way they had been treated.他们抱怨受到不公平的对待。
• All his life he has been struggling against injustice.他一生都在与不公正现象作斗争。

10 maker   

n.制造者，制造商

参考例句：

• He is a trouble maker，You must be distant with him.他是个捣蛋鬼，你不要跟他在一起。
• A cabinet maker must be a master craftsman.家具木工必须是技艺高超的手艺人。

11 impurities   

不纯( impurity的名词复数 )； 不洁； 淫秽； 杂质

参考例句：

• A filter will remove most impurities found in water. 过滤器会滤掉水中的大部分杂质。
• Oil is refined to remove naturally occurring impurities. 油经过提炼去除天然存在的杂质。

12 clotting   

v.凝固( clot的现在分词 )；烧结

参考例句：

• The study was also based only on the one anti-clotting drug. 所用抗血栓药物也仅限于一种。 来自互联网
• A plasma protein that is converted into thrombin during blood clotting. 凝血原酶一种血浆蛋白质，在血液凝聚时转化成凝血''。'酵'。''''。'素'。''。 来自互联网

13 allergic   

adj.过敏的，变态的

参考例句：

• Alice is allergic to the fur of cats.艾丽斯对猫的皮毛过敏。
• Many people are allergic to airborne pollutants such as pollen.许多人对空气传播的污染物过敏，比如花粉。

14 survivors   

幸存者，残存者，生还者( survivor的名词复数 )

参考例句：

• The survivors were adrift in a lifeboat for six days. 幸存者在救生艇上漂流了六天。
• survivors clinging to a raft 紧紧抓住救生筏的幸存者

15 analyzed   

v.分析( analyze的过去式和过去分词 )；分解；解释；对…进行心理分析

参考例句：

• The doctors analyzed the blood sample for anemia. 医生们分析了贫血的血样。 来自《简明英汉词典》
• The young man did not analyze the process of his captivation and enrapturement, for love to him was a mystery and could not be analyzed. 这年轻人没有分析自己蛊惑著迷的过程，因为对他来说，爱是个不可分析的迷。 来自《简明英汉词典》

16 extremities   

n.端点( extremity的名词复数 )；尽头；手和足；极窘迫的境地

参考例句：

• She was most noticeable, I thought, in respect of her extremities. 我觉得她那副穷极可怜的样子实在太惹人注目。 来自辞典例句
• Winters may be quite cool at the northwestern extremities. 西北边区的冬天也可能会相当凉。 来自辞典例句

17 dermatologist   

n.皮肤科医师

参考例句：

• I think you should see a dermatologist first.我想你应当先看皮肤科大夫。
• The general practitioner referred her patient to a dermatologist.家庭医生把她的病人交给了皮肤科医生。

18 futures   

n.期货，期货交易

参考例句：

• He continued his operations in cotton futures.他继续进行棉花期货交易。
• Cotton futures are selling at high prices.棉花期货交易的卖价是很高的。