TED演讲:为什么要留在切尔诺贝利?（2）

 　　Now around Chernobyl, there are scattered¹ ghost villages,  如今切尔诺贝利附近到处是毫无人烟的村庄，

　　eerily² silent, strangely charming, bucolic³, totally contaminated. 静得吓人，诡谲迷人的气息，一片荒芜，完全受到污染。

　　Many were bulldozed under at the time of the accident,  在那次的意外中有许多房屋被铲平，

　　but a few are left like this, kind of silent vestiges⁴ to the tragedy. 但是有一些遗留下来，就像这样，有点像是灾难过后的死寂遗迹。

　　Others have a few residents in them, one or two "babushkas," or "babas," 有一些居民住在这样的房屋里，一到两位“巴布希卡”或“巴巴”

　　which are the Russian and Ukrainian words for grandmother.  在俄语和乌克兰语中指的是祖母。

　　Another village might have six or seven residents.  另一个村庄也许有六到七个居民，

　　So this is the strange demographic of the zone -- isolated⁵ alone together. 因此成了这个地区中特异的人口分布：孤零零的独居与聚集。

　　And when I made my way to that piping chimney I'd seen in the distance, 当我往前走向在远处看见那个冒着烟的烟囱，

　　I saw Hanna Zavorotnya, and I met her.  我看到汉娜·沃洛纽克，向前和她接触。

　　She's the self-declared mayor of Kapavati village, population eight. 她是卡拉瓦帝村庄的自立村长，管辖八个人。

　　And she said to me, when I asked her the obvious, "Radiation doesn't scare me. Starvation does." 在我提出显而易见的问题时，她告诉我：“辐射吓不了我，饿肚子才会。”

　　And you have to remember, these women have survived the worst atrocities⁶ of the 20th century. 你得要记得，这些女性从20世纪最恶劣的环境中活过来了。

　　Stalin's enforced famines of the 1930s, the Holodomor, killed millions of Ukrainians, 斯大林在1930年代引起的乌克兰大饥荒，造成上百万名乌克兰人死亡；

　　and they faced the Nazis⁷ in the '40s, who came through slashing⁸, burning, raping⁹, 而且他们在1940年代历经纳粹人虐待、焚烧、性侵的暴行，

　　and in fact many of these women were shipped to Germany as forced labor¹⁰. 而且事实上，其中有许多女性被运到德国做苦力。

　　So when a couple decades into Soviet¹¹ rule, Chernobyl happened, 因此在苏维埃政权生活数十年后，发生了切尔诺贝利事件，

　　they were unwilling¹² to flee in the face of an enemy that was invisible. 他们不愿意因为这个看不见的敌人而离开。

　　So they returned to their villages and are told they're going to get sick and die soon, 因此他们回到自己的村庄，被告知会在短期内生病、死亡，

　　but five happy years, their logic¹³ goes,  但是过了五年快乐的日子，他们理所当然认为

　　is better than 10 stuck in a high rise on the outskirts¹⁴ of Kiev, 这总好过十年被困在基辅郊区的高楼里，

　　separated from the graves of their mothers and fathers and babies,  这总好过被迫离开他们父母和孩子的坟墓，

　　the whisper of stork¹⁵ wings on a spring afternoon.  还有鹳鸟在春天午后翱翔时的吟唱声。

　　For them, environmental contamination may not be the worst sort of devastation¹⁶. 对他们来说，环境的污染也许不是最悲惨的蹂躏。

　　It turns out this holds true for other species as well. 结果对其它物种来说也同样如此。

　　Wild boar, lynx, moose, they've all returned to the region in force, 大批的野猪、山猫、麋鹿都回到这个地区，

　　the very real, very negative effects of radiation being trumped¹⁷ by the upside of a mass exodus¹⁸ of humans. 辐射造成的真实又消极影响已被一大群移出者战胜了。

　　The dead zone, it turns out, is full of life.  死亡禁区反而变得欣欣向荣，

　　And there is a kind of heroic resilience,  有一种如英雄般的韧性，

　　a kind of plain-spoken pragmatism to those who start their day at 5 a.m. pulling water from a well 一种坦率的务实存在之中，他们在早上五点展开新的一天，从井中打水；

　　and end it at midnight poised¹⁹ to beat a bucket with a stick 结束一天的生活后，在夜里准备劈好一桶木柴、

　　and scare off wild boar that might mess with their potatoes,  吓跑那些会践踏马铃薯田的野猪，

　　their only company a bit of homemade moonshine vodka.  唯一陪伴他们的是私酿伏特加。

　　And there's a patina²⁰ of simple defiance²¹ among them.  在他们身上有些许挑衅的神情，

　　"They told us our legs would hurt, and they do. So what?" “他们说我的脚会受伤，还真的受伤了，但是那又如何？”

　　I mean, what about their health?  然而，他们的身体健康吗？

　　The benefits of hardy²², physical living,  拥有身强体壮和物质生活的好处，

　　but an environment made toxic²³ by a complicated, little-understood enemy, radiation. 但是身在有毒的环境，面对一个复杂、所知甚少的敌人：辐射。

　　It's incredibly difficult to parse²⁴.  这个问题实在很难理清。

1 scattered   

adj.分散的，稀疏的；散步的；疏疏落落的

参考例句：

• Gathering up his scattered papers,he pushed them into his case.他把散乱的文件收拾起来，塞进文件夹里。

2 eerily   

adv.引起神秘感或害怕地

参考例句：

• It was nearly mid-night and eerily dark all around her. 夜深了，到处是一片黑黝黝的怪影。 来自汉英文学 - 散文英译
• The vast volcanic slope was eerily reminiscent of a lunar landscape. 开阔的火山坡让人心生怪异地联想起月球的地貌。 来自辞典例句

3 bucolic   

adj.乡村的；牧羊的

参考例句：

• It is a bucolic refuge in the midst of a great bustling city.它是处在繁华的大城市之中的世外桃源。
• She turns into a sweet country girl surrounded by family,chickens and a bucolic landscape.她变成了被家人、鸡与乡村景象所围绕的甜美乡村姑娘。

4 vestiges   

残余部分( vestige的名词复数 )； 遗迹； 痕迹； 毫不

参考例句：

• the last vestiges of the old colonial regime 旧殖民制度最后的残余
• These upright stones are the vestiges of some ancient religion. 这些竖立的石头是某种古代宗教的遗迹。

5 isolated   

adj.与世隔绝的

参考例句：

• His bad behaviour was just an isolated incident. 他的不良行为只是个别事件。
• Patients with the disease should be isolated. 这种病的患者应予以隔离。

6 atrocities   

n.邪恶，暴行( atrocity的名词复数 )；滔天大罪

参考例句：

• They were guilty of the most barbarous and inhuman atrocities. 他们犯有最野蛮、最灭绝人性的残暴罪行。 来自《简明英汉词典》
• The enemy's atrocities made one boil with anger. 敌人的暴行令人发指。 来自《现代汉英综合大词典》

7 Nazis   

n.（德国的）纳粹党员( Nazi的名词复数 )；纳粹主义

参考例句：

• The Nazis worked them over with gun butts. 纳粹分子用枪托毒打他们。 来自《简明英汉词典》
• The Nazis were responsible for the mass murder of Jews during World War Ⅱ. 纳粹必须为第二次世界大战中对犹太人的大屠杀负责。 来自《简明英汉词典》

8 slashing   

adj.尖锐的；苛刻的；鲜明的；乱砍的v.挥砍( slash的现在分词 )；鞭打；割破；削减

参考例句：

• Slashing is the first process in which liquid treatment is involved. 浆纱是液处理的第一过程。 来自辞典例句
• He stopped slashing his horse. 他住了手，不去鞭打他的马了。 来自辞典例句

9 raping   

v.以暴力夺取，强夺( rape的现在分词 )；强奸

参考例句：

• In response, Charles VI sent a punitive expedition to Brittany, raping and killing the populace. 作为报复，查理六世派军讨伐布列塔尼，奸淫杀戮平民。 来自《简明英汉词典》
• The conquerors marched on, burning, killing, raping and plundering as they went. 征服者所到之处烧杀奸掠，无所不做。 来自互联网

10 labor   

n.劳动，努力，工作，劳工；分娩；vi.劳动，努力，苦干；vt.详细分析；麻烦

参考例句：

• We are never late in satisfying him for his labor.我们从不延误付给他劳动报酬。
• He was completely spent after two weeks of hard labor.艰苦劳动两周后，他已经疲惫不堪了。

11 Soviet   

adj.苏联的，苏维埃的；n.苏维埃

参考例句：

• Zhukov was a marshal of the former Soviet Union.朱可夫是前苏联的一位元帅。
• Germany began to attack the Soviet Union in 1941.德国在1941年开始进攻苏联。

12 unwilling   

adj.不情愿的

参考例句：

• The natives were unwilling to be bent by colonial power.土著居民不愿受殖民势力的摆布。
• His tightfisted employer was unwilling to give him a raise.他那吝啬的雇主不肯给他加薪。

13 logic   

n.逻辑(学)；逻辑性

参考例句：

• What sort of logic is that?这是什么逻辑？
• I don't follow the logic of your argument.我不明白你的论点逻辑性何在。

14 outskirts   

n.郊外，郊区

参考例句：

• Our car broke down on the outskirts of the city.我们的汽车在市郊出了故障。
• They mostly live on the outskirts of a town.他们大多住在近郊。

15 stork   

n.鹳

参考例句：

• A Fox invited a long-beaked Stork to have dinner with him.狐狸请长嘴鹳同他一起吃饭。
• He is very glad that his wife's going to get a visit from the stork.他为她的妻子将获得参观鹳鸟的机会感到非常高兴。

16 devastation   

n.毁坏；荒废；极度震惊或悲伤

参考例句：

• The bomb caused widespread devastation. 炸弹造成大面积破坏。
• There was devastation on every side. 到处都是破坏的创伤。 来自《简明英汉词典》

17 trumped   

v.（牌戏）出王牌赢（一牌或一墩）( trump的过去分词 )；吹号公告，吹号庆祝；吹喇叭；捏造

参考例句：

• That woman trumped up various baseless charges against him. 那个女人捏造种种毫无根据的罪名指控他。 来自《简明英汉词典》
• Several of his colleagues trumped up a complaint to get him removed from the job. 他的几位同事诬告他，使他丟掉了工作。 来自《简明英汉词典》

18 exodus   

v.大批离去，成群外出

参考例句：

• The medical system is facing collapse because of an exodus of doctors.由于医生大批离去，医疗系统面临崩溃。
• Man's great challenge at this moment is to prevent his exodus from this planet.人在当前所遇到的最大挑战，就是要防止人从这个星球上消失。

19 poised   

a.摆好姿势不动的

参考例句：

• The hawk poised in mid-air ready to swoop. 老鹰在半空中盘旋，准备俯冲。
• Tina was tense, her hand poised over the telephone. 蒂娜心情紧张，手悬在电话机上。

20 patina   

n.铜器上的绿锈，年久而产生的光泽

参考例句：

• The trophy has a beautiful green patina.这个奖杯表面有一层漂亮的绿锈。
• Ancient bronze animal are covered in vivid green patina.古代青铜器动物被绿色彩铜绿笼罩。

21 defiance   

n.挑战，挑衅，蔑视，违抗

参考例句：

• He climbed the ladder in defiance of the warning.他无视警告爬上了那架梯子。
• He slammed the door in a spirit of defiance.他以挑衅性的态度把门砰地一下关上。

22 hardy   

adj.勇敢的，果断的，吃苦的；耐寒的

参考例句：

• The kind of plant is a hardy annual.这种植物是耐寒的一年生植物。
• He is a hardy person.他是一个能吃苦耐劳的人。

23 toxic   

adj.有毒的，因中毒引起的

参考例句：

• The factory had accidentally released a quantity of toxic waste into the sea.这家工厂意外泄漏大量有毒废物到海中。
• There is a risk that toxic chemicals might be blasted into the atmosphere.爆炸后有毒化学物质可能会进入大气层。

24 parse   

v.从语法上分析；n.从语法上分析

参考例句：

• I simply couldn't parse what you just said.我完全无法对你刚说的话作语法分析。
• It causes the parser to parse an NP.它调用分析程序分析一个名词短语。