-
(单词翻译:双击或拖选)
I call this ability collective learning. It's what makes us different. 我把这个叫做集体学习的能力。这使我们如此特殊。
We can see it at work in the earliest stages of human history. 我们可以看到在人类历史早期的阶段这种能力的运作。
We evolved as a species in the savanna1 lands of Africa, but then you see humans migrating into new environments, 我们作为一种物种,在非洲的草原上进化,但是然后你看到人类迁徙到一个新的环境
into desert lands, into jungles, into the Ice Age tundra2 of Siberia -- tough, tough environment -- into the Americas, into Australasia. 进入到沙漠,进入雨林,进入西伯利亚冻土带--艰苦,艰苦的环境中--进入美洲,澳洲。
Each migration3 involved learning -- learning new ways of exploiting the environment, new ways of dealing4 with their surroundings. 每次迁徙都涉及到学习--学习新的方法来利用环境,新的方法来适应环境。
Then 10,000 years ago, exploiting a sudden change in global climate with the end of the last ice age, humans learned to farm. 然后一万年前,全球环境突然发生变化在冰河世纪晚期,人类学会耕种。
Farming was an energy bonanza5. And exploiting that energy, human populations multiplied. 农业是一个能量密集型产业。同时利用这个能量,人口增长。
And then from about 500 years ago, humans began to link up globally through shipping7, 然后大约500年之前,人类开始全球化的联系,通过轮船,
through trains, through telegraph, through the Internet, until now we seem to form a single global brain of almost seven billion individuals. 通过铁路,通过电报,通过网络,直到现在我们似乎已经形成一个单独的全球性大脑,它包含着近70亿个个体。
And that brain is learning at warp8 speed. And in the last 200 years, something else has happened. 这个大脑以一种超速学习着。在过去200年,有一些事发生了。
We've stumbled on another energy bonanza in fossil fuels. 我们偶然发现另外一个能量源,石油。
So fossil fuels and collective learning together explain the staggering complexity9 we see around us. 所以石油以及集体学习进化一起解释了我们周围的让人吃惊的复杂性。
点击收听单词发音
1 savanna | |
n.大草原 | |
参考例句: |
|
|
2 tundra | |
n.苔原,冻土地带 | |
参考例句: |
|
|
3 migration | |
n.迁移,移居,(鸟类等的)迁徙 | |
参考例句: |
|
|
4 dealing | |
n.经商方法,待人态度 | |
参考例句: |
|
|
5 bonanza | |
n.富矿带,幸运,带来好运的事 | |
参考例句: |
|
|
6 denser | |
adj. 不易看透的, 密集的, 浓厚的, 愚钝的 | |
参考例句: |
|
|
7 shipping | |
n.船运(发货,运输,乘船) | |
参考例句: |
|
|
8 warp | |
vt.弄歪,使翘曲,使不正常,歪曲,使有偏见 | |
参考例句: |
|
|
9 complexity | |
n.复杂(性),复杂的事物 | |
参考例句: |
|
|