TED演讲:抗击癌症的新式武器(5)

 The siRNA is deployed¹ first. It acts for hours, giving enough time to silence and block those survival genes³. siRNA首先开始行动。它需要几个小时，来让（癌细胞的）生存基因失效。

We have now disabled those genetic⁴ superpowers. 我们去除了（癌细胞的）基因超能力。

What remains⁵ is a cancer cell with no special defenses. 只剩下没有防御的癌细胞。

Then, the chemotherapy drug comes out of the core and destroys the tumor⁶ cell cleanly and efficiently⁷. 之后化学药剂从内核中释放出来干净利落地杀死肿瘤细胞。

With sufficient gene² blockers, we can address many different kinds of mutations, 只要有足够多的基因拦截者，我们就能对付各种变异（的癌细胞），

allowing the chance to sweep out tumors, without leaving behind any bad guys. 有机会消灭肿瘤，不留落网之鱼。

So, how does our strategy work? 那么，我们的方法到底有没有效呢？

We've tested these nanostructure particles in animals using a highly aggressive form of triple-negative breast cancer. 我们进行了动物实验，使用的是一种非常厉害的癌症，三阴性乳腺癌。

This triple-negative breast cancer exhibits the gene that spits out cancer drug as soon as it is delivered. 它的基因非常厉害，能迅速将抗癌药排出。

Usually, doxorubicin -- let's call it "dox" 通常，我们会使用阿霉素这种抗癌药，

is the cancer drug that is the first line of treatment for breast cancer. 它是治疗乳腺癌的首选手段。

So, we first treated our animals with a dox core, dox only. 第一次，我们只用阿霉素来对动物进行治疗。

The tumor slowed their rate of growth, but they still grew rapidly, doubling in size over a period of two weeks. 肿瘤的增长率有所减缓，但还是增长很快，两周之内就增长了一倍。

Then, we tried our combination superweapon. 接下来，我们的超级武器上场了。

A nanolayer particle with siRNA against the chemo pump, plus, we have the dox in the core. 外层是siRNA，保护自身不被拦截，内核部分是阿霉素。

And look -- we found that not only did the tumors stop growing, 结果我们发现，肿瘤不但没有增长，

they actually decreased in size and were eliminated in some cases. The tumors were actually regressing. 而且变小了，在某些样本上甚至完全消失。肿瘤被击退了。

 

1 deployed   

（尤指军事行动）使展开( deploy的过去式和过去分词 )； 施展； 部署； 有效地利用

参考例句：

• Tanks have been deployed all along the front line. 沿整个前线已部署了坦克。
• The artillery was deployed to bear on the fort. 火炮是对着那个碉堡部署的。

2 gene   

n.遗传因子，基因

参考例句：

• A single gene may have many effects.单一基因可能具有很多种效应。
• The targeting of gene therapy has been paid close attention.其中基因治疗的靶向性是值得密切关注的问题之一。

3 genes   

n.基因( gene的名词复数 )

参考例句：

• You have good genes from your parents, so you should live a long time. 你从父母那儿获得优良的基因，所以能够活得很长。 来自《简明英汉词典》
• Differences will help to reveal the functions of the genes. 它们间的差异将会帮助我们揭开基因多种功能。 来自英汉非文学 - 生命科学 - 生物技术的世纪

4 genetic   

adj.遗传的，遗传学的

参考例句：

• It's very difficult to treat genetic diseases.遗传性疾病治疗起来很困难。
• Each daughter cell can receive a full complement of the genetic information.每个子细胞可以收到遗传信息的一个完全补偿物。

5 remains   

n.剩余物，残留物；遗体，遗迹

参考例句：

• He ate the remains of food hungrily.他狼吞虎咽地吃剩余的食物。
• The remains of the meal were fed to the dog.残羹剩饭喂狗了。

6 tumor   

n.（肿）瘤，肿块(英)tumour

参考例句：

• He was died of a malignant tumor.他死于恶性肿瘤。
• The surgeons irradiated the tumor.外科医生用X射线照射那个肿瘤。

7 efficiently   

adv.高效率地，有能力地

参考例句：

• The worker oils the machine to operate it more efficiently.工人给机器上油以使机器运转更有效。
• Local authorities have to learn to allocate resources efficiently.地方政府必须学会有效地分配资源。