背诵为王 第 四 册 第 25 课

　　Lesson25 Globalization of Food Diversity
In the 1990s, when use of the term "globalization" had become commonplace, it appeared that the long record of interconnections between peoples and places had greatly intensified¹ over the previous 30 years, producing an increasingly compressed economic, political and cultural world. Greater awareness² of these compressions had given rise to the concept of the globalization of the food system. Time out had stated that one could find "The world on a plate," and it had urged its readers to "Give your tongue a holiday and treat yourself to the best meals in the world - all without setting foot outside our fair capital." The implication of this claim was that the culinary culture to be found in London had not submitted to the homogenization promoted by a monolithic³ transnational capitalism⁴ (in other words "McDonaldization") , but had staged, and perhaps reconstructed, cultural differences to create a "globalization of diversity".
Scholars pointed⁵ out that cultural diversity sells and that the touristic quality of food was now being exploited. What was being sold purported⁷ to be an authentic⁸ example of an exotic dish, and this was being reinforced by messages imparted by the décor and other features of the location in which the food was served.
compressed 压缩的，缩小的
give rise to 引起、导致
culinary 饮食的、烹饪的
submit 臣服于…, 屈服于…
homogenisation 一体化（消灭差异性）
monolithic 单一的
McDonaldization 麦当劳化（指麦当劳快餐文化）
purport⁶ 达到…的目的
impart 给予
食物的全球化
二十世纪九十年代，“全球化”成为了一个家喻户晓的词语，世界各民族和各地区之间的联系在过去的三十年里达到了空前的程度，使得地球从经济、政治和文化角度上看变得越来越小。日益缩小的地球也引起了人们对饮食文化全球化的关注。《旅游报》曾声称人们可以找到“餐盘中的世界”，并鼓励其读者“奖励你的舌头一天假期，款待一下自己，去品尝全世界的美味佳肴&&就在我们美丽的首都！”这一宣传背后所蕴藏的理念是伦敦的饮食文化成功地抵抗住了横扫一切他人文化的跨国资本主义（就是说“麦当劳文化”）的冲击，展现了，也许该说是重新构建了文化的差异性，创造出了“多元文化全球化”的例子。
学者们指出，文化多元化就是卖点，饮食旅游化正在兴起。出售外国饮食就是展示异国的饮食文化，如果加上饮食地点的装饰和其他地区特色，这种文化的展示还将得到强化。

1 intensified   

v.（使）增强， （使）加剧( intensify的过去式和过去分词 )

参考例句：

• Violence intensified during the night. 在夜间暴力活动加剧了。
• The drought has intensified. 旱情加剧了。 来自《简明英汉词典》

2 awareness   

n.意识，觉悟，懂事，明智

参考例句：

• There is a general awareness that smoking is harmful.人们普遍认识到吸烟有害健康。
• Environmental awareness has increased over the years.这些年来人们的环境意识增强了。

3 monolithic   

adj.似独块巨石的；整体的

参考例句：

• Don't think this gang is monolithic.不要以为这帮人是铁板一块。
• Mathematics is not a single monolithic structure of absolute truth.数学并不是绝对真理的单一整体结构。

4 capitalism   

n.资本主义

参考例句：

• The essence of his argument is that capitalism cannot succeed.他的论点的核心是资本主义不能成功。
• Capitalism began to develop in Russia in the 19th century.十九世纪资本主义在俄国开始发展。

5 pointed   

adj.尖的，直截了当的

参考例句：

• He gave me a very sharp pointed pencil.他给我一支削得非常尖的铅笔。
• She wished to show Mrs.John Dashwood by this pointed invitation to her brother.她想通过对达茨伍德夫人提出直截了当的邀请向她的哥哥表示出来。

6 purport   

n.意义，要旨，大要；v.意味著，做为...要旨，要领是...

参考例句：

• Many theories purport to explain growth in terms of a single cause.许多理论都标榜以单一的原因解释生长。
• Her letter may purport her forthcoming arrival.她的来信可能意味着她快要到了。

7 purported   

adj.传说的，谣传的v.声称是…，（装得）像是…的样子( purport的过去式和过去分词 )

参考例句：

• the scene of the purported crime 传闻中的罪案发生地点
• The film purported to represent the lives of ordinary people. 这部影片声称旨在表现普通人的生活。 来自《简明英汉词典》

8 authentic   

a.真的，真正的；可靠的，可信的，有根据的

参考例句：

• This is an authentic news report. We can depend on it. 这是篇可靠的新闻报道, 我们相信它。
• Autumn is also the authentic season of renewal. 秋天才是真正的除旧布新的季节。