2015年CRI 世界难民日：全球经济恶化 难民艰难谋生

 

Stark¹ warnings over the inability of the international community to cope with record numbers of refugees forced to flee war zones provided the grim backdrop to events marking World Refugee Day on Saturday.

According to the UN High Commission for Refugees almost 60 million have been displaced by conflict and persecution² around the world. More than half of them are children.

This makes every 1 in 122 people in the world a refugee, an internally displaced person or an asylum³ seeker.

Angelina Jolie, the UN Special Envoy⁴ for refugees says the current international refugee crisis is caused by a breakdown⁵ in global security and governance.

"Our world has never been richer or healthier or more advanced yet never before had so many people been dispossessed and stripped of their basic human rights. We should call this what it is. This is not just a refugee crisis, but a crisis of global security and governance that is manifesting itself in a world refugee crisis that is the worst ever recorded. This is a time, we are living at a time of mass displacement⁶."

Jolie visited a Refugee camp in Midyat near Turkey's border with Syria that has seen a massive influx⁷ of people fleeing persecution by the Islamic State, to mark World Refugee day on Saturday.

Last year, Turkey overtook Pakistan as the biggest refugee-hosting nation in the world, largely as a result of conflict in Iraq and Syria, where the war has entered its 5th year.

Turkey now hosts more than 2 million refugees and spends more than US$6 billion on helping⁸ Syrians alone.

Ahmad Lubbadah, a Syrian Refugee at the camp says he is dreaming of the day when he can return home.

"Today, we have lost our country. Our houses have been demolished⁹ and our children have been killed. We hope that we will be back home soon and that the situation will become stable. This is what I want."

With nearly four million Syrian refugees in Lebanon, Turkey, Jordan and Iraq, a heavy toll¹⁰ has been placed on the local population. Basic infrastructure¹¹, including schools, hospitals and water supplies, has been placed under enormous strain.

It is less wealthy developing countries that host 86 per cent of the world's refugees.

UN High Commissioner¹² for Refugees António Guterres warned that the scale of the current crisis was overwhelming international humanitarian¹³ organizations, and was threatening to destabilize the poorer host nations.

But some countries that have the capacity to help are instead shutting their gates to people seeking asylum.

More people have been forced to flee their homes last year than at any time since the United Nations started keeping records, and they predict the situation was likely to worsen still further.

For CRI, I'm Poornima Weerasekara.

1 stark   

adj.荒凉的；严酷的；完全的；adv.完全地

参考例句：

• The young man is faced with a stark choice.这位年轻人面临严峻的抉择。
• He gave a stark denial to the rumor.他对谣言加以完全的否认。

2 persecution   

n. 迫害,烦扰

参考例句：

• He had fled from France at the time of the persecution. 他在大迫害时期逃离了法国。
• Their persecution only serves to arouse the opposition of the people. 他们的迫害只激起人民对他们的反抗。

3 asylum   

n.避难所，庇护所，避难

参考例句：

• The people ask for political asylum.人们请求政治避难。
• Having sought asylum in the West for many years,they were eventually granted it.他们最终获得了在西方寻求多年的避难权。

4 envoy   

n.使节，使者，代表，公使

参考例句：

• Their envoy showed no sign of responding to our proposals.他们的代表对我方的提议毫无回应的迹象。
• The government has not yet appointed an envoy to the area.政府尚未向这一地区派过外交官。

5 breakdown   

n.垮，衰竭；损坏，故障，倒塌

参考例句：

• She suffered a nervous breakdown.她患神经衰弱。
• The plane had a breakdown in the air,but it was fortunately removed by the ace pilot.飞机在空中发生了故障，但幸运的是被王牌驾驶员排除了。

6 displacement   

n.移置，取代，位移，排水量

参考例句：

• They said that time is the feeling of spatial displacement.他们说时间是空间位移的感觉。
• The displacement of all my energy into caring for the baby.我所有精力都放在了照顾宝宝上。

7 influx   

n.流入，注入

参考例句：

• The country simply cannot absorb this influx of refugees.这个国家实在不能接纳这么多涌入的难民。
• Textile workers favoured protection because they feared an influx of cheap cloth.纺织工人拥护贸易保护措施，因为他们担心涌入廉价纺织品。

8 helping   

n.食物的一份&adj.帮助人的，辅助的

参考例句：

• The poor children regularly pony up for a second helping of my hamburger. 那些可怜的孩子们总是要求我把我的汉堡包再给他们一份。
• By doing this, they may at times be helping to restore competition. 这样一来, 他在某些时候,有助于竞争的加强。

9 demolished   

v.摧毁( demolish的过去式和过去分词 )；推翻；拆毁（尤指大建筑物）；吃光

参考例句：

• The factory is due to be demolished next year. 这个工厂定于明年拆除。
• They have been fighting a rearguard action for two years to stop their house being demolished. 两年来，为了不让拆除他们的房子，他们一直在进行最后的努力。

10 toll   

n.过路(桥)费；损失，伤亡人数；v.敲(钟)

参考例句：

• The hailstone took a heavy toll of the crops in our village last night.昨晚那场冰雹损坏了我们村的庄稼。
• The war took a heavy toll of human life.这次战争夺去了许多人的生命。

11 infrastructure   

n.下部构造，下部组织，基础结构，基础设施

参考例句：

• We should step up the development of infrastructure for research.加强科学基础设施建设。
• We should strengthen cultural infrastructure and boost various types of popular culture.加强文化基础设施建设，发展各类群众文化。

12 commissioner   

n.（政府厅、局、处等部门）专员，长官，委员

参考例句：

• The commissioner has issued a warrant for her arrest.专员发出了对她的逮捕令。
• He was tapped for police commissioner.他被任命为警务处长。

13 humanitarian   

n.人道主义者，博爱者，基督凡人论者

参考例句：

• She has many humanitarian interests and contributes a lot to them.她拥有很多慈善事业，并作了很大的贡献。
• The British government has now suspended humanitarian aid to the area.英国政府现已暂停对这一地区的人道主义援助。