全新版大学英语综合教程第二册 Unit4

UNIT 4
The Virtual World

Part I Pre-Reading Task

Listen to the recording¹ two or three times and then think over the following questions:
1. Is the hero a student or an employee?
2. What was he doing when the boss came in?
3. How did he act in front of his boss?
4. Can you guess what the texts in this unit are going to be about?

The following words in the recording may be new to you:

surf
vt. （在网上）漫游

log onto
进入（计算机系统）

unpredictable
a. 不可预测的

Part II
Text A

Maia Szalavitz, formerly² a television producer, now spends her time as a writer. In this essay she explores digital reality and its consequences. Along the way, she compares the digital world to the "real" world, acknowledging the attractions of the electronic dimension.

A VIRTUAL LIFE
Maia Szalavitz

After too long on the Net, even a phone call can be a shock. My boyfriend's Liverpool accent suddenly becomes impossible to interpret after his easily understood words on screen; a secretary's clipped tone seems more rejecting than I'd imagined it would be. Time itself becomes fluid — hours become minutes, or seconds stretch into days. Weekends, once a highlight of my week, are now just two ordinary days.
For the last three years, since I stopped working as a television producer, I have done much of my work as a telecommuter. I submit articles and edit them via email and communicate with colleagues on Internet mailing lists. My boyfriend lives in England, so much of our relationship is also computer-assisted.
If I desired, I could stay inside for weeks without wanting anything. I can order food, and manage my money, love and work. In fact, at times I have spent as long as three weeks alone at home, going out only to get mail and buy newspapers and groceries. I watched most of the endless snowstorm of'96 on TV.
But after a while, life itself begins to feel unreal. I start to feel as though I've become one with my machines, taking data in, spitting them back out, just another link in the Net. Others on line report the same symptoms. We start to feel an aversion to outside forms of socializing. We have become the Net critics' worst nightmare.
What first seemed like a luxury, crawling from bed to computer, not worrying about hair, and clothes and face, has become a form of escape, a lack of discipline. And once you start replacing real human contact with cyber-interaction, coming back out of the cave can be quite difficult.
I find myself shyer, more cautious, more anxious. Or, conversely, when suddenly confronted with real live humans, I get overexcited, speak too much, interrupt. I constantly worry if I am dressed appropriately, that perhaps I've actually forgotten to put on a skirt and walked outside in the T-shirt and underwear I sleep and live in.
At times, I turn on the television and just leave it to talk away in the background, something that I'd never done previously³. The voices of the programs are comforting, but then I'm jarred by the commercials. I find myself sucked in by soap operas, or needing to keep up with the latest news and the weather. "Dateline," "Frontline," "Nightline," CNN, New York 1, every possible angle of every story over and over and over, even when they are of no possible use to me. Work moves into the background. I decide to check my email.
On line, I find myself attacking everyone in sight. I am bad-tempered⁴, and easily angered. I find everyone on my mailing list insensitive, believing that they've forgotten that there are people actually reading their wounding remarks. I don't realize that I'm projecting until after I've been embarrassed by someone who politely points out that I've attacked her for agreeing with me.
When I'm in this state, I fight my boyfriend as well, misinterpreting his intentions because of the lack of emotional cues given by our typed dialogue. The fight takes hours, because the system keeps crashing. I say a line, then he does, then crash! And yet we keep on, doggedly⁵.
I'd never realized how important daily routine is: dressing⁶ for work, sleeping normal hours. I'd never thought I relied so much on co-workers for company. I began to understand why long-term unemployment can be so damaging, why life without an externally supported daily plan can lead to higher rates of drug abuse, crime, suicide.
To restore balance to my life, I force myself back into the real world. I call people, arrange to meet with the few remaining friends who haven't fled New York City. I try to at least get to the gym, so as to set apart the weekend from the rest of my week. I arrange interviews for stories, doctor's appointments — anything to get me out of the house and connected with others.
But sometimes being face to face is too much. I see a friend and her ringing laughter is intolerable — the noise of conversation in the restaurant, unbearable⁷. I make my excuses and flee. I re-enter my apartment and run to the computer as though it were a place of safety.
I click on the modem⁸, the once-annoying sound of the connection now as pleasant as my favorite tune⁹. I enter my password. The real world disappears.
(820 words)

New Words and Expressions

virtual
a. 虚拟的；实质上的

accent
n. 口音

interpret
v. 理解；解释；（作）口译

clipped
a. with a short clear pronunciation 发音快而清脆的

tone
n. 语气，口气，腔调

fluid
a. not stable, likely to change 不稳定的，可变的
n. 液体

stretch
v. (cause to) become longer, wider, etc. without breaking 拉长，伸展

telecommuter
n. one who works from home, communicating with the workplace using a computer terminal 远程工作者

submit
vt. give (sth.) to sb. so that it may be formally considered 提交，呈递

edit
vt. revise or correct 编辑

email
n. 电子邮件
vt. 给…发电子邮件；用电子邮件发

communicate
vi. 通信，交往

Internet
n. 互联网，因特网

relationship
n. 关系

at times
sometimes 有时

endless
a. having or seeming to have no end 无休止的

take in
收进，吸收

data
n. （datum 的复数形式）数据，资料

spit
vt. 吐出

on line
connected to or controlled by a computer (network) 联机地，在线

symptom
n. 征兆；症状

aversion
n. a strong feeling of dislike 厌恶，反感

socialize
vi. mix socially with others 社交，交际

critic
n. a person who judges or criticizes 评论家；对…持批评态度的人

nightmare
n. a terrifying dream 噩梦

crawl
vi. 爬，爬行

interaction
n. 交往；相互作用

cyber-interaction
n. 通过网络交往

conversely
ad. 相反地

appropriately
ad. 适当地，得体地

appropriate a.

T-shirt
n. T恤衫

underwear
n. 内衣

but then
yet at the same time 但另一方面，然而

jar
v. 使感到不快，刺激（神经等）

commercial
n. 商业广告
a. 商业的

suck
v. draw liquid or air into the mouth 吸，吮
suck in 吸引，使卷入；吸收

opera
n. 歌剧（艺术）

soap opera
肥皂剧（以家庭问题为题材的广播或电视连续剧）

keep up with
learn about or be aware of (the news, etc.); move at the same rate as 及时了解或跟上

angle
n. a particular way of considering an issue, etc. 角度，立场

in sight
visible; likely to come soon 可看到的；临近

bad-tempered
a. having a bad temper 脾气坏的，易怒的

insensitive
a. not able to feel, unsympathetic to other people's feelings 感觉迟钝的，麻木不仁的

sensitive
a. 敏感的

remark
n. 言辞，话语
v. 说，评说

project
v. imagine that others have (the same feelings, usu. unpleasant ones) as you 以为别人也有（与自己同样的情绪）

misinterpret
vt. understand wrongly 错误地理解，错误地解释

emotional
a. 感情上的；动感情的

cue
n. 提示，暗示

doggedly
ad. persistently¹⁰ 顽强地，坚持不懈地

routine
n. 例行事务，日常工作，惯例

rely
vi. depend confidently, put trust in 依靠，依赖

unemployment▲
n. 失业

externally
ad. 从外面，在外部

external
a. 外面的，外部的

abuse
n. wrong or excessive use; cruel treatment 滥用，虐待

crime
n. （犯）罪

suicide
n. 自杀

restore
vt. bring back to a former condition 恢复

arrange
vt. prepare or plan 安排

flee
v. run away (from) 逃走；逃离

gym
n. 体育馆，健身房

set apart
使分离，使分开

interview
n., vt. 接见；面试

appointment
n. 约会

laughter
n. 笑，笑声

intolerable
a. too bad to be endured 不能忍受的，无法容忍的

apartment
n. 一套公寓房间；公寓

click
v. （使）发咔哒声；用鼠标点击
n. 咔哒声

modem
n. 调制解调器

annoying
a. 讨厌的，恼人的

annoy
vt. make angry, irritate; bother 使恼怒，使烦恼

connection
n. 连接

tune
n. 曲子，曲调

password
n. 口令，密码

Proper Names

Maia Szalavitz
迈亚·塞拉维茨

Liverpool
利物浦（英格兰西部港口城市）

Dateline
美国National Broadcasting Company (NBC) 的专题新闻报道节目

Frontline
美国Public Broadcasting Service (PBS) 的专题新闻报道节目

Nightline
美国American Broadcasting Company(ABC)的专题新闻报道节目

CNN =Cable News Network
（美国）有线新闻电视网

Language sense Enhancement

1. Read aloud paragraphs 10-13 and learn them by heart.
2. Read aloud the following poem:

Happily Addicted¹¹ to the Web

Doorbell rings, I'm not listening,
From my mouth, drool is glistening¹²,
I'm happy — although
My parents are not —
Happily addicted to the Web.

All night long, I sit clicking,
Unaware¹³ time is ticking,
There's heard on my cheek,
Same clothes for a week,
Happily addicted to the Web.

Friends come by; they shake me,
Saying, "Yo, man!
Don't you know tonight's senior prom?"
With a shrug¹⁴, I replied, "No, man;
I just discovered letterman-dot-com!"

I don't phone, don't send faxes,
Don't go out, don't pay taxes,
Who cares if someday
They drag me away?
I'm happily addicted to the Web!

3. Read the following quotations¹⁵. Learn them by heart if you can. You might need to look up new words in a dictionary.

Man is still the most extraordinary computer of all.
—— John F, Kennedy

A computer does not substitute for judgment¹⁶ any more than a pencil substitutes for literacy. But writing without a pencil is no particular advantage.
—— Robert S, McNamara

A computer will do what you tell it to do, but that may be much different from
what you had in mind.
—— Joseph Weizenbaum

4. Read the following humorous story for fun:

An lllinois man left the snow-filled streets of Chicago for a vacation in Florida. His wife was on a business trip and was planning to meet him there the next day. When he reached his hotel, he decided¹⁷ to send his wife a quick email.

Unfortunately, when typing her address, he missed one letter, and his note was directed instead to an elderly preacher's wife whose husband had passed away only the day before. When the grieving widow checked her mail, she took one look at the monitor, let out a piercing scream, and fell to the floor in a dead Faint.

At the sound, her family rushed into the room and saw this note on the screen:

Dearest Wife,
Just got checked in. Everything prepared for your arrival tomorrow.

P.S. Sure is hot down here.

1 recording   

n.录音，记录

参考例句：

• How long will the recording of the song take?录下这首歌得花多少时间？
• I want to play you a recording of the rehearsal.我想给你放一下彩排的录像。

2 formerly   

adv.从前，以前

参考例句：

• We now enjoy these comforts of which formerly we had only heard.我们现在享受到了过去只是听说过的那些舒适条件。
• This boat was formerly used on the rivers of China.这船从前航行在中国内河里。

3 previously   

adv.以前，先前（地）

参考例句：

• The bicycle tyre blew out at a previously damaged point.自行车胎在以前损坏过的地方又爆开了。
• Let me digress for a moment and explain what had happened previously.让我岔开一会儿，解释原先发生了什么。

4 bad-tempered   

adj.脾气坏的

参考例句：

• He grew more and more bad-tempered as the afternoon wore on.随着下午一点点地过去，他的脾气也越来越坏。
• I know he's often bad-tempered but really,you know,he's got a heart of gold.我知道他经常发脾气，但是，要知道，其实他心肠很好。

5 doggedly   

adv.顽强地，固执地

参考例句：

• He was still doggedly pursuing his studies.他仍然顽强地进行着自己的研究。
• He trudged doggedly on until he reached the flat.他顽强地、步履艰难地走着，一直走回了公寓。

6 dressing   

n.(食物)调料；包扎伤口的用品，敷料

参考例句：

• Don't spend such a lot of time in dressing yourself.别花那么多时间来打扮自己。
• The children enjoy dressing up in mother's old clothes.孩子们喜欢穿上妈妈旧时的衣服玩。

7 unbearable   

adj.不能容忍的；忍受不住的

参考例句：

• It is unbearable to be always on thorns.老是处于焦虑不安的情况中是受不了的。
• The more he thought of it the more unbearable it became.他越想越觉得无法忍受。

8 modem   

n.调制解调器

参考例句：

• Does your computer have a modem?你的电脑有调制解调器吗？
• Provides a connection to your computer via a modem.通过调制解调器连接到计算机上。

9 tune   

n.调子；和谐，协调；v.调音，调节，调整

参考例句：

• He'd written a tune,and played it to us on the piano.他写了一段曲子，并在钢琴上弹给我们听。
• The boy beat out a tune on a tin can.那男孩在易拉罐上敲出一首曲子。

10 persistently   

ad.坚持地；固执地

参考例句：

• He persistently asserted his right to a share in the heritage. 他始终声称他有分享那笔遗产的权利。
• She persistently asserted her opinions. 她果断地说出了自己的意见。

11 addicted   

adj.沉溺于....的，对...上瘾的

参考例句：

• He was addicted to heroin at the age of 17.他17岁的时候对海洛因上了瘾。
• She's become addicted to love stories.她迷上了爱情小说。

12 glistening   

adj.闪耀的，反光的v.湿物闪耀，闪亮( glisten的现在分词 )

参考例句：

• Her eyes were glistening with tears. 她眼里闪着晶莹的泪花。
• Her eyes were glistening with tears. 她眼睛中的泪水闪着柔和的光。 来自《用法词典》

13 unaware   

a.不知道的，未意识到的

参考例句：

• They were unaware that war was near. 他们不知道战争即将爆发。
• I was unaware of the man's presence. 我没有察觉到那人在场。

14 shrug   

v.耸肩(表示怀疑、冷漠、不知等)

参考例句：

• With a shrug,he went out of the room.他耸一下肩，走出了房间。
• I admire the way she is able to shrug off unfair criticism.我很佩服她能对错误的批评意见不予理会。

15 quotations   

n.引用( quotation的名词复数 )；[商业]行情（报告）；（货物或股票的）市价；时价

参考例句：

• The insurance company requires three quotations for repairs to the car. 保险公司要修理这辆汽车的三家修理厂的报价单。 来自《简明英汉词典》
• These quotations cannot readily be traced to their sources. 这些引语很难查出出自何处。 来自《现代汉英综合大词典》

16 judgment   

n.审判；判断力，识别力，看法，意见

参考例句：

• The chairman flatters himself on his judgment of people.主席自认为他审视人比别人高明。
• He's a man of excellent judgment.他眼力过人。

17 decided   

adj.决定了的，坚决的；明显的，明确的

参考例句：

• This gave them a decided advantage over their opponents.这使他们比对手具有明显的优势。
• There is a decided difference between British and Chinese way of greeting.英国人和中国人打招呼的方式有很明显的区别。