读者文摘:关于盐的13个有趣知识(2)

Seven. Extra salt might be lurking¹ in your meat, even if you cook at home and are very careful.

额外的盐可能潜伏在你吃的肉里，即使你在家做饭很小心。

According to the USDA, about 60 percent of all raw meat and poultry² products are injected with or soaked in a salty solution.

根据美国农业部的数据，大约60%的生肉和家禽产品都是用盐水注射或浸泡的。

The words enhanced, marinated, basted³, or improvedon the packaging can signal the presence of salt.

包装上的加强型、腌制型、涂塑型或改良型的字样可以表示盐的存在。

To avoid it, opt⁴ for label wording such as contains up to 4 percent retained water, says Christy Brissette, RDN, president of 80 Twenty Nutrition.

8020营养公司的总裁、美国注册营养师克里斯蒂·布里塞特表示，为了避免这种情况，可以查看标签上的文字，选择写着“含有高达4%的残留水分”等字样的产品。

Eight. Sea salt may sound healthier than table salt, but most sea salts contain roughly the same proportion of sodium⁵—about 40 percent—as table salt.

海盐听起来可能比食盐健康，但大多数海盐所含的钠的比例与食盐大致相同，约为40%。

If you are looking for sodium-free flavoring, try garlic, pepper, oregano, sage⁶, rosemary, and other spices or herbs.

如果你正在寻找不含钠的调味品，试试大蒜、胡椒、牛至、鼠尾草、迷迭香和其他香料或香草。

Nine. Even if you don't have hypertension, it's still a good idea to cut down on your salt intake⁷ to reduce your blood pressure, according to a 2017 review of 185 studies.

根据2017年对185项研究的回顾，即使你没有高血压，通过减少盐的摄入量来降低血压仍然是一个好主意。

Ten. For older folks especially, a heavy hand with the salt shaker may also hurt your head.

特别是对老年人来说，摄入过多的盐也可能会引起头疼。

A study of 975 people ages 60 to 80 with hypertension found that reducing sodium in their diets was associated with lower risk of headache.

一项由975个年龄在60岁到80岁之间的高血压患者参加的研究发现，减少饮食中的钠与降低头痛的风险有关。

Eleven. Still, we all need at least some salt. It facilitates the transport of nutrients⁸ and oxygen, allows nerves to transmit messages, and helps our muscle work.

我们都至少需要一些盐。盐能促进体内营养和氧气的运输，让神经传递信息，帮助我们的肌肉工作。

The average adult's body contains about 250 grams of sodium—the equivalent of about three or four shakers of salt.

一般成年人的身体含有约250克钠——相当于三到四瓶盐。

Twelve. In the 1920s, salt became a primary tool in the fight against goiter, a thyroid disorder⁹ caused by iodine¹⁰ deficiency.

20世纪20年代，盐成为对抗甲状腺肿的主要手段，甲状腺肿是一种由碘缺乏导致的甲状腺疾病。

Iodized salt became common in American kitchens, and cases of goiter nearly disappeared. Today, only about 53 percent of table salt sold through retail¹¹ is iodized.

加碘盐在美国厨房变得很普遍，甲状腺肿的病例几乎消失了。如今，零售食盐中只有53%是碘化盐。

Thirteen. All that said, the number one use of salt in the United States isn't on food at all.

虽然说了这么多，但是在美国，食盐的首要用途根本不在食物上。

In 2016, about 44 percent of salt went toward deicing roads, according to the U.S. Geological Survey. Only 3 percent was used in agricultural and food processing.

2016年，据美国地质调查局数据，约有44%的盐用于道路除冰。只有3%的盐用于农业和食物加工方面。

1 lurking   

潜在

参考例句：

• Why are you lurking around outside my house? 你在我房子外面鬼鬼祟祟的，想干什么？
• There is a suspicious man lurking in the shadows. 有一可疑的人躲在阴暗中。 来自《现代英汉综合大词典》

2 poultry   

n.家禽，禽肉

参考例句：

• There is not much poultry in the shops. 商店里禽肉不太多。
• What do you feed the poultry on? 你们用什么饲料喂养家禽?

3 basted   

v.打( baste的过去式和过去分词 )；粗缝；痛斥；（烤肉等时）往上抹[浇]油

参考例句：

• The turkey is basted to keep it from drying out. 烤火鸡时润以油脂以免烤干。 来自《简明英汉词典》
• Meat is basted to keep it from drying out and to improve its flavour. 烤肉时润以脂油使不致烤焦并可增加香味。 来自《简明英汉词典》

4 opt   

vi.选择，决定做某事

参考例句：

• They opt for more holiday instead of more pay.他们选择了延长假期而不是增加工资。
• Will individual schools be given the right to opt out of the local school authority?各个学校可能有权选择退出地方教育局吗？

5 sodium   

n.（化）钠

参考例句：

• Out over the town the sodium lights were lit.在外面，全城的钠光灯都亮了。
• Common salt is a compound of sodium and chlorine.食盐是钠和氯的复合物。

6 sage   

n.圣人，哲人；adj.贤明的，明智的

参考例句：

• I was grateful for the old man's sage advice.我很感激那位老人贤明的忠告。
• The sage is the instructor of a hundred ages.这位哲人是百代之师。

7 intake   

n.吸入，纳入；进气口，入口

参考例句：

• Reduce your salt intake.减少盐的摄入量。
• There was a horrified intake of breath from every child.所有的孩子都害怕地倒抽了一口凉气。

8 nutrients   

n.（食品或化学品）营养物，营养品( nutrient的名词复数 )

参考例句：

• a lack of essential nutrients 基本营养的缺乏
• Nutrients are absorbed into the bloodstream. 营养素被吸收进血液。 来自《简明英汉词典》

9 disorder   

n.紊乱，混乱；骚动，骚乱；疾病，失调

参考例句：

• When returning back,he discovered the room to be in disorder.回家后，他发现屋子里乱七八糟。
• It contained a vast number of letters in great disorder.里面七零八落地装着许多信件。

10 iodine   

n.碘，碘酒

参考例句：

• The doctor painted iodine on the cut.医生在伤口上涂点碘酒。
• Iodine tends to localize in the thyroid.碘容易集于甲状腺。

11 retail   

v./n.零售；adv.以零售价格

参考例句：

• In this shop they retail tobacco and sweets.这家铺子零售香烟和糖果。
• These shoes retail at 10 yuan a pair.这些鞋子零卖10元一双。