英语听力文摘 English Digest 213、空想性错视

　　Pareidolia
幻想性视错觉（Pareidolia）是一种心理现象，主要表现为将模糊、随机的图像赋予实际意义，比如看到像动物的云朵、像中国地图的石头、像人脸的树干纹理等等。简单来说就是会把一些没有生命的物体看成有脸的生物，最典型的就是汽车车头，每次走在路上都会看到无数个各种各样的脸飞驰在马路上，个人比较钟爱的公交车的脸，由于车灯在车头比较靠下的位置，因此看起来一幅欠扁的样子。当然也有很可爱的公交车脸。

　　Can you see the man in the moon? Learn about pareidolia on this Moment of Science.
Pareidolia is  a term from psychology¹ that refers to the tendency in people to perceive a meaningful pattern in a vague（模糊不清的，朦胧的） stimulus（刺激）.
Psychologists note that once your brain has assigned a meaningful pattern to something, it holds onto that interpretation（解释）. But there’s no face on the moon.
East Indian people see a rabbit on the moon; Samoans say it’s a woman weaving; Chinese people see a monkey pounding（捣碎） rice. Because of the previous assignment of a different meaningful pattern, it’s as hard for a Chinese person to see the face at first as for you to see the monkey.
Any time you see a person in a wallpaper（壁纸）stain（污点，污迹）, a ship in the clouds, or a face on Mars, you’re experiencing pareidolia.

1 psychology   

n.心理，心理学，心理状态

参考例句：

• She has a background in child psychology.她受过儿童心理学的教育。
• He studied philosophy and psychology at Cambridge.他在剑桥大学学习哲学和心理学。