英语听力文摘 English Digest 718 静脉血管的秘密

Oy Veins²!

Veins are pretty important. After all, they carry blood from various parts of the body to the heart. But for all their significance, veins are modest, too. Yours are probably content to work behind the scenes, tucked away beneath the skin.

Twisted And Filled

Sometimes, however, veins take center-stage and become visible as blue lines on the skin, often resembling an unmarked roadmap. If you haven’t guessed by now, we’re talking about varicose veins. Have you ever wondered what are they are and how they form?

Basically, a varicose vein¹ is one that is twisted and filled with backed-up blood. Although they most commonly occur in the legs, varicose veins can also happen in the esophagus, testes and the urinary bladder.

Varicose veins in the legs occur when the valves in a vein near the surface of the skin malfunction³.

Faulty Valves

Valves usually keep blood from flowing backwards⁴ in the vein once it’s been pumped towards the heart. When the valves don’t work properly, blood gets stuck, causing the vein to swell⁵ and kink.

Although varicose veins are usually associated with senior citizens, not every older person has them. Weak valves are often inherited, and can also be caused by wearing clothing that squeezes the legs and veins too tightly.

Varicose veins may seem unsightly, but they’re not usually a cause for major concern. Still, if you have them and want to do something about it, talk to your doctor. Treatments range from wearing strong support stockings to surgery.

静脉很重要。毕竟，它们将血液从身体的各个部位输送到心脏。但尽管它们的意义重大，脉络也是适度的。你的人可能满足于在幕后工作，藏在皮下。

扭曲和填充

然而，有时，静脉占据中心位置，成为皮肤上的蓝色线条，通常类似于未标记的路线图。如果你现在还没猜到，我们说的是静脉曲张。你有没有想过它们是什么以及它们是如何形成的？

基本上，静脉曲张是一种扭曲并充满血液的静脉曲张。尽管静脉曲张最常见于腿部，但也可能发生在食道、睾丸和膀胱。

当靠近皮肤表面的静脉瓣膜出现故障时，腿部静脉曲张就会发生。

阀门故障

一旦血液被泵入心脏，瓣膜通常会阻止血液在静脉中倒流。当瓣膜不能正常工作时，血液会卡住，导致静脉肿胀和扭结。

尽管静脉曲张通常与老年人有关，但并不是每个老年人都有。瓣膜无力通常是遗传性的，也可能是由于穿着衣服太紧挤压腿部和静脉造成的。

静脉曲张可能看起来不雅观，但通常不会引起严重关注。不过，如果你有这些症状，并且想做些什么，请与你的医生谈谈。治疗范围从穿强力支撑袜到手术。

1 vein   

n.血管，静脉；叶脉，纹理；情绪；vt.使成脉络

参考例句：

• The girl is not in the vein for singing today.那女孩今天没有心情唱歌。
• The doctor injects glucose into the patient's vein.医生把葡萄糖注射入病人的静脉。

2 veins   

n.纹理；矿脉( vein的名词复数 )；静脉；叶脉；纹理

参考例句：

• The blood flows from the capillaries back into the veins. 血从毛细血管流回静脉。 来自《简明英汉词典》
• I felt a pleasant glow in all my veins from the wine. 喝过酒后我浑身的血都热烘烘的，感到很舒服。 来自《简明英汉词典》

3 malfunction   

vi.发生功能故障，发生故障，显示机能失常

参考例句：

• There must have been a computer malfunction.一定是出了电脑故障。
• Results have been delayed owing to a malfunction in the computer.由于电脑发生故障，计算结果推迟了。

4 backwards   

adv.往回地，向原处，倒，相反，前后倒置地

参考例句：

• He turned on the light and began to pace backwards and forwards.他打开电灯并开始走来走去。
• All the girls fell over backwards to get the party ready.姑娘们迫不及待地为聚会做准备。

5 swell   

vi.膨胀，肿胀；增长，增强

参考例句：

• The waves had taken on a deep swell.海浪汹涌。
• His injured wrist began to swell.他那受伤的手腕开始肿了。