【英语时差8,16】温度和容量

 They tell us how to dress in the morning and when to stop roasting a turkey. When we catch a cold, they tell us how sick we are. Thermometers are an everyday part of our lives, something we usually take for granted. Temperature affects human beings, making us shiver when we’re cold or sweat when we’re hot, but it also affects every other physical substance in the universe. The most common effect has to do with volume, or the amount of space something fills up. Generally speaking, increasing temperature will cause most substances to expand, while decreasing temperature will cause them to contract. The reason for this is that everything is made of tiny bits of matter called atoms. Even if something isn’t moving, its atoms are never completely still. The atoms continually wiggle around and bump¹ into each other. As a substance gets hotter, its atoms start jostling about more vigorously².

1 bump   

v.（against,into）碰，颠簸；n.碰撞，隆起物

参考例句：

• I heard a bump in the next room.我听到隔壁房间传来“砰”的一声。
• He got a bad bump on his forehead.他碰得前额隆起一个大包。

2 vigorously   

ad.用力地；有力地；剧烈地

参考例句：

• He rubbed his limbs vigorously to get the blood circulating. 他用力摩擦四肢让血液循环开来。
• He shook the blankets vigorously to get rid of the dust. 他使劲抖动毯子以抖掉尘土。