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新编大学英语阅读部分第三册Unit6-2

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Unit 6
Success

After-Class Reading

PASSAGE I Success Means Never Feeling Tired

Failure is probably the most fatiguing1 experience a person ever has. There is nothing more frustrating2 than not succeeding — being blocked, not moving ahead. It is a vicious circle. Failure breeds fatigue3, and the fatigue makes it harder to get to work, which compounds the failure.
We experience this tiredness in two main ways: as start-up fatigue and performance fatigue. In the former case, we keep putting off a task that we feel we are obliged to do. Either because it is too tedious or because it is too difficult, we shy away from it. And the longer we postpone4 it, the more tired we feel.
Even if it is not actually physical, this start-up fatigue is very real. The remedy is obvious, though perhaps not easy to apply: an exertion5 of willpower. The moment I find myself turning away from a job, or putting it under a pile of other things I have to do, I clear my desk of everything else and attack the objectionable item first. To prevent start-up fatigue, always tackle the most difficult job first.
Years ago, when editing Great Books of the Western World, I undertook to write 102 essays, one on each of the great ideas discussed by the authors of those books. The writing took me two and a half years, working at it — among my other tasks — seven days a week. I would never have finished if I had allowed myself to write first about the ideas I found easiest to explain. Applying my own rule, I determined6 to write the essays in strict alphabetical7 order, from ANGEL to WORLD, never letting myself skip a tough idea. And I always started the day's work with the difficult task of essay-writing. Experience proved, once again, that the rule works.
Performance fatigue is more difficult to handle. Here we are not reluctant to get started, but we cannot seem to do the job right. Its difficulties appear impossible to overcome. No matter how hard we work, we fail again and again. That mounting experience of failure carries with it an ever-increasing burden of mental fatigue. In such a situation, I work as hard as I can — then let the unconscious[1] take over.
When I was planning the fifteenth edition of Encyclopaedia8 Britannica[2], I had to create a topical table of contents for its alphabetically9 arranged articles. Nothing like this had ever been done before, and day after day I kept coming up with solutions that fell short. My fatigue became almost overwhelming.
One day, mentally exhausted10, I put down on paper all the reasons why this problem could not be solved. I tried to convince myself that what appeared insoluble really was insoluble, that the trouble was with the problem, not me. Having gained some relief, I sat back in an easy chair and went to sleep.
An hour or so later, I woke up suddenly with the solution clearly in mind. In the weeks that followed, the correctness of the solution given to me by my unconscious mind was confirmed at every step. Though I worked just as hard as before, if not harder, my work was not attended by any weariness or fatigue. Success was now as exhilarating as failure had been depressing. Life offers few pleasures more stimulating11 than the successful exercise of our faculties12. It gives us the energy to do additional work.
Sometimes the obstacle is not in the problem itself, but in the social situation — or so[3] it appears. Other people somehow seem to prevent us from succeeding. But, as Shakespeare wrote, "The fault, dear Brutus, is not in our stars but in ourselves."[4] Why blame other people and shrug13 off our own responsibility for misunderstandings? Doing a job successfully means doing whatever is necessary — and that includes winning the cooperation of others.
More often, the obstacle that blocks us is purely15 personal. Subject to human distractions16, we let personal problems weigh on us, producing a fatigue-failure that blocks our productivity in every sphere.
A friend of mine got depressed17 about a family problem that she had neglected. Her daughter had secretly married a man she thought her father would disapprove18 of. The daughter told her mother but made her promise to keep silent. Worrying about the problem, and carrying a burden of guilt19 over the secrecy20, exhausted the mother.[5] Her fatigue affected21 her job and turned her usual success there into failures. She was saved from serious depression only when other people intervened and told the father — who didn't display any of the anticipated negative reaction. It seems incredible that a person can complicate22 his or her life in this fashion, but this is what can happen to problems if they aren't solved as they come along.
So, our first step should be to use inexplicable23 fatigue that has no physical base as a radar24 — an early-warning system — and trace the fatigue to its source; to find the defeat we are covering up and not admitting. Then we must diagnose the cause of this failure. In rare cases, it may be that the task is really too difficult for us. If so, we can acknowledge the fact and give up. Or the block may simply be in refusing to confront the problem. In most cases, it can be solved by patient attention to the task at hand — with all the skill and resolution we can muster25. That, plus the inspired help of the unconscious.
I have already given an example of one way of achieving a breakthrough. First, put down all the reasons why the problem is insoluble. Try to box yourself in, like Houdini[6], so no escape appears possible. Only then, like Houdini, can you break out. Having tied yourself up in knots, stop thinking consciously about the problem for a while. Let your unconscious work on untying26 the knots. Nine times out of ten, it will come up with a solution.
The worst mistake we can make is to regard mental fatigue as if it were physical fatigue. We can recover from the latter by giving our bodies a chance to rest. But mental fatigue that results from failure cannot be removed by giving in to it and taking a rest. That just makes matters worse. Whatever the specific stumbling-block is, it must be cleared up, and fast, before the fatigue of failure swamps us.
Human beings, I believe, must try to succeed. This necessity is built into our biological background. Without trying to define success, it's enough to say that it is related to continuous peak performance, to doing tasks and solving problems as they come along. It is experiencing the excitement and the joy that goes with the exercise of one's human capabilities27.
Success, then, means never feeling tired. (1124 words)


Proper Names

Encyclopaedia Britannica
《大不列颠百科全书》

Brutus
(男子名)布鲁特斯

Houdini
(男子名)霍迪尼

Shakespeare
(男子名)莎士比亚(1564-1616,英国剧作家、诗人)


New Words

anticipate
v. expect that something will happen and be ready for it 预料
e.g. I ) We anticipated the storm and brought raincoats.
II) In his speech, Mr Ashdown anticipated that the idea might receive a cool reception.

compound
v. make a difficult situation even worse by adding more problems 增加,加重
e.g. I ) Her misery28 was compounded by the discovery of a leak in the roof.
II) Severe drought has further compounded the food shortages in the region.
n. a substance containing atoms from two or more elements 化合物
e.g. Salt is a compound of sodium29 and chlorine.

continuous
adj. continuing to happen or exist without stopping or without any interruptions 连续不断的,接连的
e.g. The weather forecaster predicted continuous rain throughout the day.

cooperation
n. help that is willingly given 合作,配合
e.g. I ) I need your cooperation to get this project done on time.
II) The police have thanked the local community for its cooperation in the search of the missing boy.

diagnose
v. identify the nature of a problem, especially an illness 诊断;判断
e.g. I ) The mechanic diagnosed the cause of the engine's failure.
II) The tumor30 (肿瘤) was diagnosed as malignant31 (恶性的).

edit
v. prepare written material for publication by correcting, condensing, or otherwise modifying it 编辑
e.g. Jane edited Anne's writing and suggested changes.

edition
n. a particular version of a book, magazine, or newspaper that is printed at one time 版本
e.g. The third edition of the dictionary contains 3,000 more words than the second edition.

encyclopaedia
n. a book or set of books giving information on many subjects or many aspects of one subject and typically arranged alphabetically 百科全书

essay
n. a short piece of writing on a particular subject 论说文
e.g. The professor refused to mark my essay because it was handed in late.

exertion *
n. strong mental or physical effort 努力,费力
e.g. You must be exhausted after all your exertions32.

inexplicable
adj. too unusual or strange to be explained or understood 莫名其妙的
e.g. Her failure in life is inexplicable.

insoluble *
adj. impossible to solve or be dissolved (问题等)不能解决的;不能溶解的
e.g. I pushed the problem aside; at present it was insoluble.

mounting *
adj. gradually increasing or becoming worse 逐渐增加的
e.g. Sally waited for her examination results with mounting anxiety.

objectionable *
adj. unpleasant 讨厌的
e.g. I don't like her tone; in fact I find it highly objectionable.

productivity
n. the rate at which goods are produced 生产力;生产率
e.g. Britain needs to increase its productivity to prosper33.

reluctant
adj. unwilling34 or hesitant 不情愿的,勉强的
e.g. I am reluctant to mention the subject again, but I feel it must be discussed.

sphere
n.
1) a particular area of activity, work, knowledge, etc. 领域
e.g. His main interest is in the sphere of preventive medicine.
2) a ball shape 球(体),球形
e.g. The Earth is not a perfect sphere.

swamp
v. overwhelm with excessive amount of something 难倒,压倒
e.g. In many parts of the world, the rate of the population growth already swamps the ability of society to cope.
n. land that is always very wet or slightly covered with water 沼泽地
e.g. Most coal-fields began life as swamps about 300 million years ago.

tackle
v. make a determined effort to deal with (a difficult problem or task) (着手)对付,(开始)处理
e.g. I ) It's a problem that the government hasn't begun to tackle yet.
II) They have published proposals designed to tackle London's housing problems.

tedious
adj. boring, tiring, and continuing for a long time 单调乏味的,令人生厌的
e.g. John's job at the factory is very tedious.

topical
adj. of, relating to, or arranged by topics 话题的,主题的
e.g. The book has a topical table of contents.

undertake
v. (undertook, undertaken)
1) promise or agree to do something 同意,答应
e.g. I ) He undertook to edit the text himself.
II) She undertook not to publish the names of the people involved.
2) start doing something and accept responsibility for it 承担
e.g. A firm of builders undertook the construction work.

vicious
adj.
1) acting35 or done with evil intentions; cruel, violent or dangerous 恶毒的,恶意的,凶残的
e.g. I ) It is a deliberate, nasty and vicious attack on a young man's character.
II) He made up a vicious story about me to get even.
2) violent and severe 剧烈的,严重的
e.g. I ) The blow was so sudden and vicious that he dropped to his knees.
II) I got a vicious headache.

vicious circle
a continuing situation in which one problem or need leads to another and the new problem makes the first problem worse 恶性循环
e.g. Crime leads to prison, which leads to unemployment, which leads to crime. It's a vicious circle.

weariness *
n. the state of being very tired, because one has been doing something for a long time 疲倦
e.g. He showed absolutely no signs of weariness.

willpower
n. determination or the ability to control one's will 意志力,毅力
e.g. I lacked the willpower to stay on my diet.


Phrases and Expressions

box somebody in
keep in or as if in a box; to block or prevent 闭锁,把......围住,困住
e.g. I ) They boxed her in.
II) He was too canny36 (精明而谨慎的) to let himself be boxed in.

clear up
settle something or to find a satisfactory explanation for it 澄清,解决
e.g. There should be someone to whom you can turn for any advice or to clear up any problems.

come along
1) appear or arrive by chance 偶然出现,产生
e.g. I haven't got another job; I'll wait till something comes along.
2) be developing or improving, especially in education 进展,进步
e.g. How's our young trainee37 coming along?

come up with
think of an idea, plan, reply, etc. 想出
e.g. I hope to come up with some of the answers.

disapprove of
have an unfavorable opinion of someone or something, especially for moral reasons 不赞成,反对
e.g. Her mother disapproves38 of her working in a pub.

fall short
fail to reach a desired result, standard, etc. 达不到标准(或要求)
e.g. The council planned to build 100 houses this year but they have fallen short of their target.

put down
1) write something, especially a name or number on a piece of paper or on a list 写下
e.g. Never put anything down on paper which might be used in evidence against you at a later date.
2) pay part of the price of something as a deposit 付(定金)
e.g. He bought an investment property for $ 100,000 and put down $ 2,000.
3) stop a revolution, especially by force 镇压,取缔
e.g. Police used tear gas to put down the riot (骚乱).
4) criticize someone and to make them feel stupid 奚落
e.g. She evidently enjoyed putting her husband down in public.

shy away from
avoid doing something because one is not confident enough or one is worried or nervous about it 回避,退缩
e.g. I've never shied away from hard work.

shrug off
1) rid oneself of 摆脱
e.g. The city is trying to shrug off its industrial image and promote itself as a tourist center.
2) treat as unimportant or easily dealt with 对......不予理会,对......满不在乎
e.g. She just shrugs39 off the pain and goes on with the job.

take over
take control of something 接管,接手,接任
e.g. Who do you think will take over now that the governor has been dismissed?

tie oneself (up) in knots
become very confused when one is trying to explain something 使自己紧张;困惑
e.g. The press agent tied himself (up) in knots trying to apologize.

turn away from
stop facing or looking at somebody/something 转过脸不面对或不再看着某人、某物
e.g. Europe cannot in good conscience turn away from these refugees. 欧洲不应该拒绝对这些难民提供援助。

weigh on
cause worry or great difficulty 使烦恼,使担忧
e.g. The burden of debt weighs heavily on these developing countries.


PASSAGE II A Triumph of the Spirit

A paralyzed French journalist dies just days after the publication of his memoir40 celebrating life.
If the 1995 stroke that paralyzed Jean-Dominique Bauby was cruelly premature41, at least death had the courtesy to wait until the 45-year-old French journalist finished his last assignment.[1] Less than 72 hours after readers and critics alike praised his memoir of living with locked-in syndrome42 — a state of virtually total paralysis43 that leaves the victim, in Bauby's words, "like a mind in a jar" — the former editor in chief of French Elle magazine died.[2] Bauby's book Le Scaphandre et le Papillon (The Bubble and the Butterfly) is a celebration of life written by a man incapable44 of speech or movement.
A career journalist whose wit, talent and savoir vivre became personal trademarks46, Bauby saw his fast-paced life come to an abrupt47 end on Dec. 8, 1995, with the stroke that left him paralyzed.[3] Though Bauby was dependent on hospital staff and machinery48 for all his bodily functions, his brain remained in perfect condition. He soon discovered that the only muscle still under his control was his left eyelid49. By telegraphing a series of blinks, Bauby let his nurses know that his mind was alive and well inside its immobile frame.[4] They responded by reciting a special alphabet to him with the understanding that Bauby would blink at letters he wanted written down. Repeating the process resulted in words, sentences and entire discussions.
In June 1996, Bauby blinked out a letter to some 60 friends and associates to reassure50 them that his state was not vegetative. Editors at French publisher Robert Laffont[5], who had worked with Bauby before his stroke, were so impressed that they proposed he use the method to write a book about his condition. Bauby accepted and, composing and editing his prose before dawn, dictated51 entire sections of the book from memory, letter by letter, to Laffont employee Claude Mendibil.
The result is a remarkable52 137-page account of the tedium53 and difficulties — and sometimes even joys — of the locked-in life. Complaining about his fruitless "physical rehabilitation54" sessions, for example, Bauby writes, "I would be the happiest man in the world if I could just properly swallow the saliva55 that permanently56 invades my mouth ." He lets his readers know that his celebrated57 wit survived the stroke by pointing up the ironic58 aspects of his condition. Bauby recalls a contract he signed before his illness to write an updated version of the Alexandre Dumas[6] classic The Count of Monte Cristo — a tale involving a paralyzed individual who communicates by blinking. "The gods of literature and neurology decided59 otherwise," Bauby laments61, adding a twist. "To reverse the decrees of fate, I now have in mind a story whose main character is a runner instead of a paralytic62. Who knows? It might work."
The book is not, of course, all playful reflections. Bauby writes movingly of the suffering and depression his condition induced. He describes painful bedsores, and flies walking with impunity63 across his face. He tells of his 93-year-old father's phone calls to "a son he knows too well will not reply." Most agonizing64 are the moments when Bauby realizes that his loved ones will never feel his affection again.[7] During one Father's Day[8] visit from his children, he relates the unbearable65 feeling of being sealed in his bubble: "Théophile, my son, is calmly sitting there, his face 20 inches from my own, and I, his father, do not have the simple right to touch his thick hair ... To hold tight his warm little body ... Suddenly, that fact begins killing66 me."
But Le Scaphandre et le Papillon underlines Bauby's determination to deny locked-in syndrome total victory.[9] His condition may have defined the rules, but he was still able to play the game.[10] And play he did. Not content to wink67 out one book, he proposed other book projects before his death, founded an association for victims of locked-in syndrome and their families and participated in a film aired[11] on French TV about his struggle. "He loved life, and he lived it intensely — both before and after his accident," says Susanna Lea, a spokeswoman for Laffont who worked with Bauby. "He has left a legacy68 that will not be soon forgotten." French readers certainly don't seem ready to forget. The book's initial run of 25,000 copies has sold out, and it seems certain to land[12] near the top of France's best-seller list. An English-language translation has been commissioned, and negotiations69 for US publication are under way.
In the end, Bauby's spirit proved stronger than his heart. He died as he lived: with dignity, on his own terms and in accord with his own words.[13] "Is there a key out in the cosmos70 that can unlock my bubble?" Bauby asks at the end of his book. "A currency valuable enough to buy my freedom? I have to look elsewhere. I'm going there." (806 words)

--From TIMES, March 24, 1997

Proper Names

Alexandre Dumas
(男子名)亚历山大.大仲马

Claude Mendibil
(男子名)克劳德.门第比尔

Jean-Dominique Bauby
(男子名)让-多米尼克.包比

Monte Cristo
基度山

Robert Laffont
(男子名)罗伯特.拉丰

Susanna Lea
(女子名)苏姗娜.李

Theophile
(男子名)西奥非尔


New Words

alphabet
n. the set of letters used in writing any language, especially when arranged in order 字母表
e.g. Children learn the alphabet in kindergarten.

bedsore
n. a sore place on the skin caused by lying in bed for a long time 褥疮

blink
v. shut and open the eyes quickly 眨眼
e.g. The bright light made her blink.

bubble
n. a ball of air in liquid 水泡,气泡
e.g. The children blew bubbles all day long.

celebrated
adj. known or admired 著名的
e.g. A celebrated artist died last week.

cosmos
n. the universe 宇宙

decree
n. one of eternal purposes of God, by which events are foreordained 天命,天意

dignity
n. quality that earns or deserves respect 尊严
e.g. He behaved with dignity in the party.

eyelid
n. the two pieces of skin that cover one's eye when it is closed 眼皮
e.g. Mary wore blue eye shadow (眼影) on her eyelids71.

fruitless *
adj. producing little or no result; unsuccessful 不成功的,无结果的
e.g. It was a fruitless search.

immobile *
adj. unable to move or to be moved 不能动的
e.g. A riding accident left him immobile.

journalist
n. someone who writes news reports for newspapers, magazines, television, or radio 新闻工作者,记者
e.g. The Watergate scandal was exposed by two investigative journalists working for the Washington Post.

lament60
v. feel or express great sorrow or regret for 哀悼,痛惜
e.g. The whole country lamented72 the death of their great leader.

legacy
n. something passed on or left by someone 遗产

memoir
n. an account written by someone, especially a famous person, about his/her life and experiences 回忆录
e.g. In his memoirs73, De Gaulle wrote that he had come to London determined to save the French nation.

movingly *
adv. in a way that makes one feel strong emotions 动人地,感人地
e.g. You wrote very movingly of your sister Susan's death.

neurology
n. the study of the nervous system and its diseases 神经病学

paralysis *
n. the loss of the ability to move all or part of one's body or feel things in it 瘫痪
e.g. Doctors believe a drug overdose caused paralysis of the central nervous system.

paralytic *
adj. suffering from paralysis 瘫痪的
e.g. We were unable to reverse paralytic disease in laboratory animals.
n. a person who is paralytic 瘫痪病人

prose
n. written language in its usual form, as opposed to poetry 散文
e.g. There were long sections of prose between the poems.

recite
v. say aloud from memory, especially to an audience 背诵,朗诵
e.g. Laura's father began by reciting a few lines from Shakespeare.

rehabilitation *
n. the act of improving or restoring to good condition 恢复,复原
e.g. I work in the rehabilitation center for blind people.

saliva
n. the liquid that is produced naturally in the mouth 口水,唾液

seal
v. close or fasten tightly 密封住
e.g. The parcel was sealed with tape.
n. a mark that has a special design and shows the legal or official authority of a person or organization 印章,图章
e.g. The document carries the royal seal.

swallow
v. cause to go down the throat 吞咽
e.g. You should chew your food before swallowing it.

syndrome
n. a set of symptoms which together indicates a particular disease or abnormal condition 综合病症,综合症状
e.g. Often, a syndrome is named after the doctor who first detects it.

tedium *
n. the quality or state of causing somebody to feel tired or bored 厌倦,乏味
e.g. Soldiers say that the worst thing about fighting is not the moments of terror, but all the hours of tedium in between.

trademark45
n.
1) a special name, sign, or word that is marked on a product to show that it is made by a particular company 商标
e.g. A trademark can only be used by its owner.
2) a particular way of behaving, dressing74, etc. by which someone can be easily recognized 识别标志
e.g. The striped T-shirt became the comedian's trademark.

triumph
n. an important victory or success, especially after a difficult struggle 胜利
e.g. Our team celebrated its triumph over our rival.

twist
n.
1) an unexpected change in the meaning of a situation or in a series of events (形势、故事等的)意想不到的转折
e.g. The battle of the sexes also took a new twist.
2) a twisting action or movement 转动
e.g. She gave her ankle a nasty twist when she fell.
v. turn a part of one's body around or change one's position by turning (使)转动,(使)旋动
e.g. The body was twisted, its legs at an awkward angle(角度).

underline
v.
1) draw attention to something and to emphasize its importance 强调,使突出
e.g. The decision to keep him in hospital for a second night underlines the seriousness of his injury.
2) draw a line under a word or a sentence to make people notice it or give it extra importance 在......下画线
e.g. All the technical words have been underlined in red.

updated *
adj. new and modern 更新的

vegetative
adj. in medicine, unable to move or voluntarily use bodily organs or functions 植物人状态的


Phrases and Expressions

in accord with
in agreement with 与......一致
e.g. What they achieved is not in accord with what they had expected.

on one's own terms
according to the condition that one asks for 根据自己的主张或条件
e.g. It's difficult to do the work on your terms.

point up
make something seem more important or more reasonable 强调
e.g. In his speech he pointed75 up the importance of the relationship between the two countries.

sell out
sell all one's stock of a particular article (货物)全部卖完
e.g. I'm sorry, we've sold out the brand you want. Please come next week.

under way
making progress 在进行中
e.g. Preparations for the coming Christmas were under way.


PASSAGE III How to Succeed at Failing
John F. Budd, Jr.[1]

On the eve of my 50th year in public relations, I was asked to speak at a Phoenix76 Award[2] ceremony.
Is there a signal here?
I've got to admit this Phoenix business confuses me a bit.
I know the historical roots about Atlanta being torched[3] and arising from the ashes better than ever and so on, but I come from Brooklyn and we've never been set on fire.
I can only assume that a no doubt well-meaning "friend," recognizing my half century in this business, decided that I be given an opportunity to reinvent myself, rise from my own ashes, so to speak![4]
I accept the challenge.
We all know that a life not worth examining is not worth living.
Thus prompted[5] I have looked back on a life misspent in public relations.
I admit it, I have missed the boat, have single-mindedly been focusing on the wrong goal.[6]
I have directed myself towards success, neglecting failure.
Yet failure is of great importance; believe it or not, Soichero Honda, who founded and built the Honda Motor Car Company[7] once said, "Success is 99 percent failure."
If I had known those odds[8] twenty years ago, things may have turned out differently.
Perhaps I've overlooked the benefits of failure because I early came under the influence of my father, a true Horatio Alger-type[9], a true entrepreneur. He was the star Saturday Evening Post junior salesman who won watches and ponies[10]. He was a scoutmaster; he was an ambitious man who started a small publishing business with a 25 cent booklet, building one of his properties into a heavy, 2,000 page foreign trade guide that sold for $400 per. He was a successful New York businessman, but he never went to college.
So, I inherited this fixation with success, never knew there was a better way. The Declaration of Independence guarantees us among our inalienable rights: life, liberty, and the pursuit of happiness. The smart men who wrote that knew that happiness was the race or the chase... not the cup handed the winner.
Happiness, I've learned, is racing77 madly after something that you have a remote chance of gaining. Success is supposed to be in getting it, only we often realize it isn't what we wanted in the first place.
So I became an account executive, only to find that clients were unreasonable78. I became a corporate79 public relations officer, little realizing that the company didn't want my activism; they were perfectly80 content to live out the status quo.[11]
We all want to get at the table, above the salt.[12] We want that big title, corner office[13], parking space and the 6 or 7 figure salary.
We achieve this ambition, only to discover that the chief executive officer wants a spin doctor[14], someone to deal with the consequences of his irrational81 decisions which he calls strategies.
We want to talk about policy; he wants to discuss how we propose to quiet those rebellious82 employees, those fussy83 shareholders85, the noisy politicians and the curious media.
I'm reminded of this because some 30 years ago a very perceptive86 gentleman, Charles H. Brower, then chairman of a well-known ad agency, gave a commencement address on "how to fail." I thought it was stupid and I ignored it, but I saved it. Coming across its yellowed pages recently I now wished I had paid it more heed87.
You see, success, whether it's in the arts, science, or public relations, takes a great deal of work and sweat. For years.
Failure hardly ever sweats!
Successes get so worried about their job that sometimes they can't sleep: always plotting tomorrow's actions. There's no insomnia88 amongst failures. Their problems are small and personal. No one worries about them, except, perhaps their wives.
Be a success and you've got a mountain of people dependent on you, looking to you for guidance, your co-workers, maybe the chief executive officer and other senior officers, your peers, community leaders, not to mention your accountant, lawyer, investment broker89, wife and family. There's no end to the problems success can heap on you.
What's worse, you're all alone. Nobody cares about your problems. There's no government agency set up to help success.
Ahhh, but fail at anything, your job, your marriage, your investments and there's an army of folks, government agencies, community, church groups who'll worry with you and rush to help.
You see we live in a society that cherishes the underdog. Who's there for the overdog, the success? A few people who give you a trophy90 in return for your contribution of your money or your time.[15]
Now then, how can smart people like you become a failure?
To be a real failure you first have to have a job. Better yet, have a series of them.
So you start by finding something to fail at.
My mistake was that I ignored opportunities to fail, didn't recognize, then, its potential, so I tried too hard and was, unfortunately, good at whatever I was doing, so I kept getting better jobs and more responsibility. I suppose it was because I always did more than I was asked to do.
Foolishly, I now realize looking back, that I even suggested new ideas and better ways to do things when there was no call for[16] me to do so.
Obviously my bosses could not see that I was desperately91 trying to fail, even I didn't know it then.
Samuel Goldwyn[17] (who once said, "include me out") lamented that what this country needs is a new set of clichés.
He is right. The old sayings have been used so much that they aren't as meaningful as they used to be.
"He that will not work will want." That's not true today. There are so many agencies waiting to throw money at the indigent92 that Horatio Alger would have to rewrite his classic, "Sink or Swim."[18]
"Sooner or later the truth will come out." But by that time the horse is long gone from the barn.[19] Ask Texaco[20] who paid $176 million to 1,400 black employees for calling them an epithet93, only to find out later that the word was never said.
My favorite, maybe yours, too, "Facts speak for themselves." How much of our lives is spent telling chief executive officers that this is naive94, that perceptions are often more important than hard facts. Chief executive officers still believe in this empty phrase, making our lives more difficult than need be.
Benjamin Franklin[21] churned out a few aphorisms96 that deserve examination. Like "early to bed, early to rise makes a man wealthy and wise." In my now nearly 50 years I've gotten to the office by 8∶00 a.m. There's no one to talk to; no one to phone. Besides, it's been seen by some of my bosses as ambition, surely this is the curse of failure.[22]
On the other hand whoever said "don't put all your eggs in one basket" was right. Hold back, don't commit yourself fully14 to your current jobs, or company. It's the only way to avoid the danger of achievement.
The trick is not to allow yourself to be convinced to do more than your job description calls for, that way you avoid chances of promotion97.
Above all else, make sure that you do NOT fall in love with your job! Please!
The real enemy to potential failures is the thrill of achievement. Because they have discovered that achievement can be fun, more promising98 failures have gone wrong for this reason than for any other one.
It's exciting ... gets into the blood and before you know it you're working on your kid's birthday, or your anniversary.[23]
Socrates[24] said that there is "no happiness where there is no wisdom." Forget it. Study is boring. Besides he didn't have TV.
Samuel Johnson[25] said curiosity is a characteristic of a vigorous mind. Maybe so, but it can lead you into speculation99, to some form of intellectual analysis, to taking an initiative. Not for anyone truly committed to becoming a world-class failure.
Franklin would have you worry that "lost time is never found again." But pleasure has no deadline, failure, no agenda, or timetable.[26]
To return to the beginning, we celebrate this noon the award of the Phoenix, that remarkable bird, who according to the Greeks, started a fire in its own nest, reduced itself to ashes, yet reemerged to a new life.
If you've been unconsciously doing some of the things that make a good failure, time to play Phoenix, resurrect yourselves, start a new cycle.[27] (1421 words)


Proper Names

Atlanta
(地名)亚特兰大(美国佐治亚州首府)

Benjamin Franklin
(男子名)本杰明.富兰克林

Brooklyn
(地名)布鲁克林区(美国纽约市行政区名)

Charles H. Brower
(男子名)查尔斯.布劳尔

Horatio Alger
(男子名)霍雷肖.阿尔杰

Samuel Goldwyn
(男子名)塞缪尔.戈尔德温

Samuel Johnson
(男子名)塞缪尔.约翰逊

Socrates
(男子名)苏格拉底

Soichero Honda
(男子名)本田宗一郎

Texaco
一家大石油公司的名字


New Words

activism
n. a doctrine100 or practice that emphasizes direct vigorous action 行动主义

ambition
n. strong desire, especially over a long period, for success, power, wealth, etc. 抱负,雄心,野心
e.g. She's clever, but she lacks ambition.

aphorism95
n. a true or wise saying or principle expressed in a few words 格言,警句

award
n. something, especially a prize or money, given as the result of an official decision 奖;奖品
e.g. I ) The firefighter received an award for saving people's lives.
II) The award went to a British director.
v. give a prize to someone or to give as a result of official decision 授予,给予
e.g. I ) The judges awarded a gold medal to the gymnast from Romania.
II) She was awarded the prize for both films.

barn
n. a farm building for storing crops and foods for animals or keeping animals or equipment 谷仓;牲口棚;库房
e.g. The photo showed an old red barn on a farm.

curse
n.
1) a cause of evil, harm, destruction, etc. 祸因,祸根
e.g. Noise is the curse of modern city life.
2) a magical word or phrase spoken with the aim of punishing, injuring or destroying somebody or something 诅咒,咒骂
e.g. We were joking about the possibility of someone placing a curse upon our computer.
3) a rude or offensive word or phrase used to express violent anger 骂人话
e.g. Where did Jimmy learn that curse?

cycle
n. a number of related events happening in regularly repeated order 循环,周期
e.g. How can we stop the unending cycle of violence?

epithet
n. an adjective or descriptive phrase, especially of praise or blame, used about a person (用于褒贬人物等的)表述形容词,修饰语
e.g. The king was known as Alfred the Great, but in my opinion the epithet was undeserved.

fixation
n. a strong, unhealthy feeling (about) or (love) for 不正常的偏爱
e.g. He has a fixation about cleanness.

heap
v.
1) put a lot of things on top of each other in an untidy way 堆积
e.g. The children heaped the leaves into a large pile and jumped in.
2) give a lot of praise or criticism to 大加颂扬/批语
e.g. The press heaped insults on the team's manager after the team had lost six games in a row.
n. a large pile of things 堆
e.g. The leaves had been swept into huge heaps.

historical
adj. connected with history as a study (有关)历史的,历史学的
e.g. The castle is recent, so of little historical interest.

inalienable
adj. which cannot be taken away 不可分割的,不可剥夺的

indigent
adj. poor, lacking money or goods 贫穷的,贫困的

insomnia
n. habitual101 inability to sleep 失眠(症)

misspend *
v. (misspent, misspent) spend (time, money, etc.) wrongly or unwisely 浪费(时间、金钱等)
e.g. Much of the money was grossly (全部) misspent.

naive
adj. without experience of social rules or behaviors, especially because one is young 幼稚的,无经验的
e.g. They had a very naive approach to business, which was bound to lead them into trouble.

nest
n. a hollow place built or found by a bird for use as home and a place to keep its eggs 鸟巢,鸟窝
e.g. I can see an eagle's nest on the rocks.

overdog
n. one that is dominant102 or victorious103 (斗争中)占优势者,占上风的一方

perceptive *
adj. showing an unusually good ability to notice and understand 感觉灵敏的,有洞察力的
e.g. Her books are full of perceptive insights into the human condition.

politician
n. a person whose business is politics, especially one who has been elected to a parliament or to a position in government 政治家,政客
e.g. The career politician had been in public office for 50 years.

pony104
n. a small horse 小马,矮种马

promising
adj. showing signs of likely future success 有希望的,有前途的
e.g. A school has honored one of its brightest and most promising former pupils.

promotion *
n. advancement105 in rank or position 提升,晋级
e.g. Promotion is the way to get a better salary and a better-sounding job title.

resurrect
v. (often derogative) bring back into use, existence, or fashion 复活,恢复

scoutmaster
n. an adult leader of a group of scouts106 童子军领队

shareholder84
n. an owner of shares in a business 股东

single-mindedly
adv. having one clear aim or purpose 一心一意地,专心致志地
e.g. He was single-mindedly devoted107 to the hastening of freedom for the oppressed (受压迫者).

speculation *
n. (an example of) the act of guessing or predicting 思索,沉思;猜测
e.g. The papers are full of speculation about who is likely to be the next prime minister.

sweat
n. liquid which comes out from the body through the skin when one is hot, frightened, or doing exercise 汗水
e.g. Jack108 paused, wiping the sweat from his face.

timetable
n. a list of times at which events are scheduled to take place 时间表,日程表
e.g. My boss pushed back the project's timetable by a week.

towards
prep. in the direction of 向,往,朝......方向
e.g. She was walking towards town when I met her.

underdog
n. a person or team not favored to win 处于劣势的人(或一方)

world-class
adj. among the best in the world 世界一流水平的
e.g. He was determined to become a world-class player.


Phrases and Expressions

churn out (infml, usually derogative)
produce in large amounts, by or as if by machinery 大量炮制,粗制滥造
e.g. He began to churn out literary compositions in English.

come across
meet, find or discover, especially by chance (尤指偶然)遇见,碰上,发现
e.g. I came across a letter from Brunel the other day.

live out
1) live till the end of 活到......结束
e.g. Will the old man live out the month?
2) experience in reality 实现
e.g. Her success enabled her to live out her wildest fantasies. 她的成功使她实现了她最大胆的梦想。

look back on
remember, to think about something that happened in the past 记起,回忆起
e.g. I look back on those days as the happiest time of my life.

look to someone for something
depend on for help, advice, etc. 指望,仰仗
e.g. We look to you for support.

not to mention
and in addition there is... 要不用说......
e.g. They have three dogs to look after, not to mention the cat and the bird.

status quo
the existing state of affairs, especially regarding social or political issues 现状
e.g. Habit always forces us to maintain a status quo that is no longer relevant.

turn out
happen to be, or be found to be, in the end 结果(是),原来(是),证明(是)
e.g. To our surprise the stranger turned out to be an old friend of my mother's.


点击收听单词发音收听单词发音  

1 fatiguing ttfzKm     
a.使人劳累的
参考例句:
  • He was fatiguing himself with his writing, no doubt. 想必他是拼命写作,写得精疲力尽了。
  • Machines are much less fatiguing to your hands, arms, and back. 使用机器时,手、膊和后背不会感到太累。
2 frustrating is9z54     
adj.产生挫折的,使人沮丧的,令人泄气的v.使不成功( frustrate的现在分词 );挫败;使受挫折;令人沮丧
参考例句:
  • It's frustrating to have to wait so long. 要等这么长时间,真令人懊恼。
  • It was a demeaning and ultimately frustrating experience. 那是一次有失颜面并且令人沮丧至极的经历。 来自《简明英汉词典》
3 fatigue PhVzV     
n.疲劳,劳累
参考例句:
  • The old lady can't bear the fatigue of a long journey.这位老妇人不能忍受长途旅行的疲劳。
  • I have got over my weakness and fatigue.我已从虚弱和疲劳中恢复过来了。
4 postpone rP0xq     
v.延期,推迟
参考例句:
  • I shall postpone making a decision till I learn full particulars.在未获悉详情之前我得从缓作出决定。
  • She decided to postpone the converastion for that evening.她决定当天晚上把谈话搁一搁。
5 exertion F7Fyi     
n.尽力,努力
参考例句:
  • We were sweating profusely from the exertion of moving the furniture.我们搬动家具大费气力,累得大汗淋漓。
  • She was hot and breathless from the exertion of cycling uphill.由于用力骑车爬坡,她浑身发热。
6 determined duszmP     
adj.坚定的;有决心的
参考例句:
  • I have determined on going to Tibet after graduation.我已决定毕业后去西藏。
  • He determined to view the rooms behind the office.他决定查看一下办公室后面的房间。
7 alphabetical gfvyY     
adj.字母(表)的,依字母顺序的
参考例句:
  • Please arrange these books in alphabetical order.请把这些书按字母顺序整理一下。
  • There is no need to maintain a strict alphabetical sequence.不必保持严格的字顺。
8 encyclopaedia Jp3xC     
n.百科全书
参考例句:
  • An encyclopaedia contains a lot of knowledge.百科全书包含很多知识。
  • This is an encyclopaedia of philosophy.这是本哲学百科全书。
9 alphabetically xzzz0q     
adv.照字母顺序排列地
参考例句:
  • I've arranged the books alphabetically so don't muddle them up. 我已按字母顺序把这些书整理了,千万不要再弄乱。 来自《简明英汉词典》
  • They are all filed alphabetically under author. 这些都是按照作者姓名的字母顺序归档的。 来自辞典例句
10 exhausted 7taz4r     
adj.极其疲惫的,精疲力尽的
参考例句:
  • It was a long haul home and we arrived exhausted.搬运回家的这段路程特别长,到家时我们已筋疲力尽。
  • Jenny was exhausted by the hustle of city life.珍妮被城市生活的忙乱弄得筋疲力尽。
11 stimulating ShBz7A     
adj.有启发性的,能激发人思考的
参考例句:
  • shower gel containing plant extracts that have a stimulating effect on the skin 含有对皮肤有益的植物精华的沐浴凝胶
  • This is a drug for stimulating nerves. 这是一种兴奋剂。
12 faculties 066198190456ba4e2b0a2bda2034dfc5     
n.能力( faculty的名词复数 );全体教职员;技巧;院
参考例句:
  • Although he's ninety, his mental faculties remain unimpaired. 他虽年届九旬,但头脑仍然清晰。
  • All your faculties have come into play in your work. 在你的工作中,你的全部才能已起到了作用。 来自《简明英汉词典》
13 shrug Ry3w5     
v.耸肩(表示怀疑、冷漠、不知等)
参考例句:
  • With a shrug,he went out of the room.他耸一下肩,走出了房间。
  • I admire the way she is able to shrug off unfair criticism.我很佩服她能对错误的批评意见不予理会。
14 fully Gfuzd     
adv.完全地,全部地,彻底地;充分地
参考例句:
  • The doctor asked me to breathe in,then to breathe out fully.医生让我先吸气,然后全部呼出。
  • They soon became fully integrated into the local community.他们很快就完全融入了当地人的圈子。
15 purely 8Sqxf     
adv.纯粹地,完全地
参考例句:
  • I helped him purely and simply out of friendship.我帮他纯粹是出于友情。
  • This disproves the theory that children are purely imitative.这证明认为儿童只会单纯地模仿的理论是站不住脚的。
16 distractions ff1d4018fe7ed703bc7b2e2e97ba2216     
n.使人分心的事[人]( distraction的名词复数 );娱乐,消遣;心烦意乱;精神错乱
参考例句:
  • I find it hard to work at home because there are too many distractions. 我发觉在家里工作很难,因为使人分心的事太多。
  • There are too many distractions here to work properly. 这里叫人分心的事太多,使人无法好好工作。 来自《简明英汉词典》
17 depressed xu8zp9     
adj.沮丧的,抑郁的,不景气的,萧条的
参考例句:
  • When he was depressed,he felt utterly divorced from reality.他心情沮丧时就感到完全脱离了现实。
  • His mother was depressed by the sad news.这个坏消息使他的母亲意志消沉。
18 disapprove 9udx3     
v.不赞成,不同意,不批准
参考例句:
  • I quite disapprove of his behaviour.我很不赞同他的行为。
  • She wants to train for the theatre but her parents disapprove.她想训练自己做戏剧演员,但她的父母不赞成。
19 guilt 9e6xr     
n.犯罪;内疚;过失,罪责
参考例句:
  • She tried to cover up her guilt by lying.她企图用谎言掩饰自己的罪行。
  • Don't lay a guilt trip on your child about schoolwork.别因为功课责备孩子而使他觉得很内疚。
20 secrecy NZbxH     
n.秘密,保密,隐蔽
参考例句:
  • All the researchers on the project are sworn to secrecy.该项目的所有研究人员都按要求起誓保守秘密。
  • Complete secrecy surrounded the meeting.会议在绝对机密的环境中进行。
21 affected TzUzg0     
adj.不自然的,假装的
参考例句:
  • She showed an affected interest in our subject.她假装对我们的课题感到兴趣。
  • His manners are affected.他的态度不自然。
22 complicate zX1yA     
vt.使复杂化,使混乱,使难懂
参考例句:
  • There is no need to complicate matters.没有必要使问题复杂化。
  • These events will greatly complicate the situation.这些事件将使局势变得极其复杂。
23 inexplicable tbCzf     
adj.无法解释的,难理解的
参考例句:
  • It is now inexplicable how that development was misinterpreted.当时对这一事态发展的错误理解究竟是怎么产生的,现在已经无法说清楚了。
  • There are many things which are inexplicable by science.有很多事科学还无法解释。
24 radar kTUxx     
n.雷达,无线电探测器
参考例句:
  • They are following the flight of an aircraft by radar.他们正在用雷达追踪一架飞机的飞行。
  • Enemy ships were detected on the radar.敌舰的影像已显现在雷达上。
25 muster i6czT     
v.集合,收集,鼓起,激起;n.集合,检阅,集合人员,点名册
参考例句:
  • Go and muster all the men you can find.去集合所有你能找到的人。
  • I had to muster my courage up to ask him that question.我必须鼓起勇气向他问那个问题。
26 untying 4f138027dbdb2087c60199a0a69c8176     
untie的现在分词
参考例句:
  • The tying of bow ties is an art; the untying is easy. 打领带是一种艺术,解领带则很容易。
  • As they were untying the colt, its owners asked them, "Why are you untying the colt?" 33他们解驴驹的时候,主人问他们说,解驴驹作什么?
27 capabilities f7b11037f2050959293aafb493b7653c     
n.能力( capability的名词复数 );可能;容量;[复数]潜在能力
参考例句:
  • He was somewhat pompous and had a high opinion of his own capabilities. 他有点自大,自视甚高。 来自辞典例句
  • Some programmers use tabs to break complex product capabilities into smaller chunks. 一些程序员认为,标签可以将复杂的功能分为每个窗格一组简单的功能。 来自About Face 3交互设计精髓
28 misery G10yi     
n.痛苦,苦恼,苦难;悲惨的境遇,贫苦
参考例句:
  • Business depression usually causes misery among the working class.商业不景气常使工薪阶层受苦。
  • He has rescued me from the mire of misery.他把我从苦海里救了出来。
29 sodium Hrpyc     
n.(化)钠
参考例句:
  • Out over the town the sodium lights were lit.在外面,全城的钠光灯都亮了。
  • Common salt is a compound of sodium and chlorine.食盐是钠和氯的复合物。
30 tumor fKxzm     
n.(肿)瘤,肿块(英)tumour
参考例句:
  • He was died of a malignant tumor.他死于恶性肿瘤。
  • The surgeons irradiated the tumor.外科医生用X射线照射那个肿瘤。
31 malignant Z89zY     
adj.恶性的,致命的;恶意的,恶毒的
参考例句:
  • Alexander got a malignant slander.亚历山大受到恶意的诽谤。
  • He started to his feet with a malignant glance at Winston.他爬了起来,不高兴地看了温斯顿一眼。
32 exertions 2d5ee45020125fc19527a78af5191726     
n.努力( exertion的名词复数 );费力;(能力、权力等的)运用;行使
参考例句:
  • As long as they lived, exertions would not be necessary to her. 只要他们活着,是不需要她吃苦的。 来自辞典例句
  • She failed to unlock the safe in spite of all her exertions. 她虽然费尽力气,仍未能将那保险箱的锁打开。 来自辞典例句
33 prosper iRrxC     
v.成功,兴隆,昌盛;使成功,使昌隆,繁荣
参考例句:
  • With her at the wheel,the company began to prosper.有了她当主管,公司开始兴旺起来。
  • It is my earnest wish that this company will continue to prosper.我真诚希望这家公司会继续兴旺发达。
34 unwilling CjpwB     
adj.不情愿的
参考例句:
  • The natives were unwilling to be bent by colonial power.土著居民不愿受殖民势力的摆布。
  • His tightfisted employer was unwilling to give him a raise.他那吝啬的雇主不肯给他加薪。
35 acting czRzoc     
n.演戏,行为,假装;adj.代理的,临时的,演出用的
参考例句:
  • Ignore her,she's just acting.别理她,她只是假装的。
  • During the seventies,her acting career was in eclipse.在七十年代,她的表演生涯黯然失色。
36 canny nsLzV     
adj.谨慎的,节俭的
参考例句:
  • He was far too canny to risk giving himself away.他非常谨慎,不会冒险暴露自己。
  • But I'm trying to be a little canny about it.但是我想对此谨慎一些。
37 trainee 9ntwA     
n.受训练者
参考例句:
  • The trainee checked out all right on his first flight.受训者第一次飞行完全合格。
  • Few of the trainee footballers make it to the top.足球受训人员中没有几个能达到顶级水平。
38 disapproves 2409ec34a905c5a568c1e2e81c7efcdc     
v.不赞成( disapprove的第三人称单数 )
参考例句:
  • She disapproves of unmarried couples living together. 她反对未婚男女同居。 来自《简明英汉词典》
  • Her mother disapproves of her wearing transparent underwear. 她母亲不赞成她穿透明的内衣。 来自辞典例句
39 shrugs d3633c0b0b1f8cd86f649808602722fa     
n.耸肩(以表示冷淡,怀疑等)( shrug的名词复数 )
参考例句:
  • Hungarian Prime Minister Ferenc Gyurcsany shrugs off this criticism. 匈牙利总理久尔恰尼对这个批评不以为然。 来自互联网
  • She shrugs expressively and takes a sip of her latte. 她表达地耸肩而且拿她的拿铁的啜饮。 来自互联网
40 memoir O7Hz7     
n.[pl.]回忆录,自传;记事录
参考例句:
  • He has just published a memoir in honour of his captain.他刚刚出了一本传记来纪念他的队长。
  • In her memoir,the actress wrote about the bittersweet memories of her first love.在那个女演员的自传中,她写到了自己苦乐掺半的初恋。
41 premature FPfxV     
adj.比预期时间早的;不成熟的,仓促的
参考例句:
  • It is yet premature to predict the possible outcome of the dialogue.预言这次对话可能有什么结果为时尚早。
  • The premature baby is doing well.那个早产的婴儿很健康。
42 syndrome uqBwu     
n.综合病症;并存特性
参考例句:
  • The Institute says that an unidentified virus is to blame for the syndrome. 该研究所表示,引起这种综合症的是一种尚未确认的病毒。
  • Results indicated that 11 fetuses had Down syndrome. 结果表明有11个胎儿患有唐氏综合征。
43 paralysis pKMxY     
n.麻痹(症);瘫痪(症)
参考例句:
  • The paralysis affects his right leg and he can only walk with difficulty.他右腿瘫痪步履维艰。
  • The paralysis affects his right leg and he can only walk with difficulty.他右腿瘫痪步履维艰。
44 incapable w9ZxK     
adj.无能力的,不能做某事的
参考例句:
  • He would be incapable of committing such a cruel deed.他不会做出这么残忍的事。
  • Computers are incapable of creative thought.计算机不会创造性地思维。
45 trademark Xndw8     
n.商标;特征;vt.注册的…商标
参考例句:
  • The trademark is registered on the book of the Patent Office.该商标已在专利局登记注册。
  • The trademark of the pen was changed.这钢笔的商标改了。
46 trademarks 3d5cfd3d5e627e33b27fadb6b405a1dd     
n.(注册)商标( trademark的名词复数 );(人的行为或衣着的)特征,标记
参考例句:
  • Motrin and Nuprin are trademarks of brands of ibuprofen tablets. Nuprin和Motrin均是布洛芬的商标。 来自《简明英汉词典》
  • Many goods in China have the trademarks of a panda. 中国的许多商品都带有熊猫的商标。 来自《简明英汉词典》
47 abrupt 2fdyh     
adj.突然的,意外的;唐突的,鲁莽的
参考例句:
  • The river takes an abrupt bend to the west.这河突然向西转弯。
  • His abrupt reply hurt our feelings.他粗鲁的回答伤了我们的感情。
48 machinery CAdxb     
n.(总称)机械,机器;机构
参考例句:
  • Has the machinery been put up ready for the broadcast?广播器材安装完毕了吗?
  • Machinery ought to be well maintained all the time.机器应该随时注意维护。
49 eyelid zlcxj     
n.眼睑,眼皮
参考例句:
  • She lifted one eyelid to see what he was doing.她抬起一只眼皮看看他在做什么。
  • My eyelid has been tumid since yesterday.从昨天起,我的眼皮就肿了。
50 reassure 9TgxW     
v.使放心,使消除疑虑
参考例句:
  • This seemed to reassure him and he continued more confidently.这似乎使他放心一点,于是他更有信心地继续说了下去。
  • The airline tried to reassure the customers that the planes were safe.航空公司尽力让乘客相信飞机是安全的。
51 dictated aa4dc65f69c81352fa034c36d66908ec     
v.大声讲或读( dictate的过去式和过去分词 );口授;支配;摆布
参考例句:
  • He dictated a letter to his secretary. 他向秘书口授信稿。
  • No person of a strong character likes to be dictated to. 没有一个个性强的人愿受人使唤。 来自《简明英汉词典》
52 remarkable 8Vbx6     
adj.显著的,异常的,非凡的,值得注意的
参考例句:
  • She has made remarkable headway in her writing skills.她在写作技巧方面有了长足进步。
  • These cars are remarkable for the quietness of their engines.这些汽车因发动机没有噪音而不同凡响。
53 tedium ngkyn     
n.单调;烦闷
参考例句:
  • We played games to relieve the tedium of the journey.我们玩游戏,来解除旅行的沉闷。
  • In myself I could observe the following sources of tedium. 从我自己身上,我所观察到的烦闷的根源有下列一些。
54 rehabilitation 8Vcxv     
n.康复,悔过自新,修复,复兴,复职,复位
参考例句:
  • He's booked himself into a rehabilitation clinic.他自己联系了一家康复诊所。
  • No one can really make me rehabilitation of injuries.已经没有人可以真正令我的伤康复了。
55 saliva 6Cdz0     
n.唾液,口水
参考例句:
  • He wiped a dribble of saliva from his chin.他擦掉了下巴上的几滴口水。
  • Saliva dribbled from the baby's mouth.唾液从婴儿的嘴里流了出来。
56 permanently KluzuU     
adv.永恒地,永久地,固定不变地
参考例句:
  • The accident left him permanently scarred.那次事故给他留下了永久的伤疤。
  • The ship is now permanently moored on the Thames in London.该船现在永久地停泊在伦敦泰晤士河边。
57 celebrated iwLzpz     
adj.有名的,声誉卓著的
参考例句:
  • He was soon one of the most celebrated young painters in England.不久他就成了英格兰最负盛名的年轻画家之一。
  • The celebrated violinist was mobbed by the audience.观众团团围住了这位著名的小提琴演奏家。
58 ironic 1atzm     
adj.讽刺的,有讽刺意味的,出乎意料的
参考例句:
  • That is a summary and ironic end.那是一个具有概括性和讽刺意味的结局。
  • People used to call me Mr Popularity at high school,but they were being ironic.人们中学时常把我称作“万人迷先生”,但他们是在挖苦我。
59 decided lvqzZd     
adj.决定了的,坚决的;明显的,明确的
参考例句:
  • This gave them a decided advantage over their opponents.这使他们比对手具有明显的优势。
  • There is a decided difference between British and Chinese way of greeting.英国人和中国人打招呼的方式有很明显的区别。
60 lament u91zi     
n.悲叹,悔恨,恸哭;v.哀悼,悔恨,悲叹
参考例句:
  • Her face showed lament.她的脸上露出悲伤的样子。
  • We lament the dead.我们哀悼死者。
61 laments f706f3a425c41502d626857197898b57     
n.悲恸,哀歌,挽歌( lament的名词复数 )v.(为…)哀悼,痛哭,悲伤( lament的第三人称单数 )
参考例句:
  • In the poem he laments the destruction of the countryside. 在那首诗里他对乡村遭到的破坏流露出悲哀。
  • In this book he laments the slight interest shown in his writings. 在该书中他慨叹人们对他的著作兴趣微弱。 来自辞典例句
62 paralytic LmDzKM     
adj. 瘫痪的 n. 瘫痪病人
参考例句:
  • She was completely paralytic last night.她昨天晚上喝得酩酊大醉。
  • She rose and hobbled to me on her paralytic legs and kissed me.她站起来,拖着她那麻痹的双腿一瘸一拐地走到我身边,吻了吻我。
63 impunity g9Qxb     
n.(惩罚、损失、伤害等的)免除
参考例句:
  • You will not escape with impunity.你不可能逃脱惩罚。
  • The impunity what compulsory insurance sets does not include escapement.交强险规定的免责范围不包括逃逸。
64 agonizing PzXzcC     
adj.痛苦难忍的;使人苦恼的v.使极度痛苦;折磨(agonize的ing形式)
参考例句:
  • I spent days agonizing over whether to take the job or not. 我用了好些天苦苦思考是否接受这个工作。
  • his father's agonizing death 他父亲极度痛苦的死
65 unbearable alCwB     
adj.不能容忍的;忍受不住的
参考例句:
  • It is unbearable to be always on thorns.老是处于焦虑不安的情况中是受不了的。
  • The more he thought of it the more unbearable it became.他越想越觉得无法忍受。
66 killing kpBziQ     
n.巨额利润;突然赚大钱,发大财
参考例句:
  • Investors are set to make a killing from the sell-off.投资者准备清仓以便大赚一笔。
  • Last week my brother made a killing on Wall Street.上个周我兄弟在华尔街赚了一大笔。
67 wink 4MGz3     
n.眨眼,使眼色,瞬间;v.眨眼,使眼色,闪烁
参考例句:
  • He tipped me the wink not to buy at that price.他眨眼暗示我按那个价格就不要买。
  • The satellite disappeared in a wink.瞬息之间,那颗卫星就消失了。
68 legacy 59YzD     
n.遗产,遗赠;先人(或过去)留下的东西
参考例句:
  • They are the most precious cultural legacy our forefathers left.它们是我们祖先留下来的最宝贵的文化遗产。
  • He thinks the legacy is a gift from the Gods.他认为这笔遗产是天赐之物。
69 negotiations af4b5f3e98e178dd3c4bac64b625ecd0     
协商( negotiation的名词复数 ); 谈判; 完成(难事); 通过
参考例句:
  • negotiations for a durable peace 为持久和平而进行的谈判
  • Negotiations have failed to establish any middle ground. 谈判未能达成任何妥协。
70 cosmos pn2yT     
n.宇宙;秩序,和谐
参考例句:
  • Our world is but a small part of the cosmos.我们的世界仅仅是宇宙的一小部分而已。
  • Is there any other intelligent life elsewhere in the cosmos?在宇宙的其他星球上还存在别的有智慧的生物吗?
71 eyelids 86ece0ca18a95664f58bda5de252f4e7     
n.眼睑( eyelid的名词复数 );眼睛也不眨一下;不露声色;面不改色
参考例句:
  • She was so tired, her eyelids were beginning to droop. 她太疲倦了,眼睑开始往下垂。
  • Her eyelids drooped as if she were on the verge of sleep. 她眼睑低垂好像快要睡着的样子。 来自《简明英汉词典》
72 lamented b6ae63144a98bc66c6a97351aea85970     
adj.被哀悼的,令人遗憾的v.(为…)哀悼,痛哭,悲伤( lament的过去式和过去分词 )
参考例句:
  • her late lamented husband 她那令人怀念的已故的丈夫
  • We lamented over our bad luck. 我们为自己的不幸而悲伤。 来自《简明英汉词典》
73 memoirs f752e432fe1fefb99ab15f6983cd506c     
n.回忆录;回忆录传( mem,自oir的名词复数)
参考例句:
  • Her memoirs were ghostwritten. 她的回忆录是由别人代写的。
  • I watched a trailer for the screenplay of his memoirs. 我看过以他的回忆录改编成电影的预告片。 来自《简明英汉词典》
74 dressing 1uOzJG     
n.(食物)调料;包扎伤口的用品,敷料
参考例句:
  • Don't spend such a lot of time in dressing yourself.别花那么多时间来打扮自己。
  • The children enjoy dressing up in mother's old clothes.孩子们喜欢穿上妈妈旧时的衣服玩。
75 pointed Il8zB4     
adj.尖的,直截了当的
参考例句:
  • He gave me a very sharp pointed pencil.他给我一支削得非常尖的铅笔。
  • She wished to show Mrs.John Dashwood by this pointed invitation to her brother.她想通过对达茨伍德夫人提出直截了当的邀请向她的哥哥表示出来。
76 phoenix 7Njxf     
n.凤凰,长生(不死)鸟;引申为重生
参考例句:
  • The airline rose like a phoenix from the ashes.这家航空公司又起死回生了。
  • The phoenix worship of China is fetish worship not totem adoration.中国凤崇拜是灵物崇拜而非图腾崇拜。
77 racing 1ksz3w     
n.竞赛,赛马;adj.竞赛用的,赛马用的
参考例句:
  • I was watching the racing on television last night.昨晚我在电视上看赛马。
  • The two racing drivers fenced for a chance to gain the lead.两个赛车手伺机竞相领先。
78 unreasonable tjLwm     
adj.不讲道理的,不合情理的,过度的
参考例句:
  • I know that they made the most unreasonable demands on you.我知道他们对你提出了最不合理的要求。
  • They spend an unreasonable amount of money on clothes.他们花在衣服上的钱太多了。
79 corporate 7olzl     
adj.共同的,全体的;公司的,企业的
参考例句:
  • This is our corporate responsibility.这是我们共同的责任。
  • His corporate's life will be as short as a rabbit's tail.他的公司的寿命是兔子尾巴长不了。
80 perfectly 8Mzxb     
adv.完美地,无可非议地,彻底地
参考例句:
  • The witnesses were each perfectly certain of what they said.证人们个个对自己所说的话十分肯定。
  • Everything that we're doing is all perfectly above board.我们做的每件事情都是光明正大的。
81 irrational UaDzl     
adj.无理性的,失去理性的
参考例句:
  • After taking the drug she became completely irrational.她在吸毒后变得完全失去了理性。
  • There are also signs of irrational exuberance among some investors.在某些投资者中是存在非理性繁荣的征象的。
82 rebellious CtbyI     
adj.造反的,反抗的,难控制的
参考例句:
  • They will be in danger if they are rebellious.如果他们造反,他们就要发生危险。
  • Her reply was mild enough,but her thoughts were rebellious.她的回答虽然很温和,但她的心里十分反感。
83 fussy Ff5z3     
adj.为琐事担忧的,过分装饰的,爱挑剔的
参考例句:
  • He is fussy about the way his food's cooked.他过分计较食物的烹调。
  • The little girl dislikes her fussy parents.小女孩讨厌她那过分操心的父母。
84 shareholder VzPwU     
n.股东,股票持有人
参考例句:
  • The account department have prepare a financial statement for the shareholder.财务部为股东准备了一份财务报表。
  • A shareholder may transfer his shares in accordance with the law.股东持有的股份可以依法转让。
85 shareholders 7d3b0484233cf39bc3f4e3ebf97e69fe     
n.股东( shareholder的名词复数 )
参考例句:
  • The meeting was attended by 90% of shareholders. 90%的股东出席了会议。
  • the company's fiduciary duty to its shareholders 公司对股东负有的受托责任
86 perceptive muuyq     
adj.知觉的,有洞察力的,感知的
参考例句:
  • This is a very perceptive assessment of the situation.这是一个对该情况的极富洞察力的评价。
  • He is very perceptive and nothing can be hidden from him.他耳聪目明,什么事都很难瞒住他。
87 heed ldQzi     
v.注意,留意;n.注意,留心
参考例句:
  • You must take heed of what he has told.你要注意他所告诉的事。
  • For the first time he had to pay heed to his appearance.这是他第一次非得注意自己的外表不可了。
88 insomnia EbFzK     
n.失眠,失眠症
参考例句:
  • Worries and tenseness can lead to insomnia.忧虑和紧张会导致失眠。
  • He is suffering from insomnia.他患失眠症。
89 broker ESjyi     
n.中间人,经纪人;v.作为中间人来安排
参考例句:
  • He baited the broker by promises of higher commissions.他答应给更高的佣金来引诱那位经纪人。
  • I'm a real estate broker.我是不动产经纪人。
90 trophy 8UFzI     
n.优胜旗,奖品,奖杯,战胜品,纪念品
参考例句:
  • The cup is a cherished trophy of the company.那只奖杯是该公司很珍惜的奖品。
  • He hung the lion's head as a trophy.他把那狮子头挂起来作为狩猎纪念品。
91 desperately cu7znp     
adv.极度渴望地,绝望地,孤注一掷地
参考例句:
  • He was desperately seeking a way to see her again.他正拼命想办法再见她一面。
  • He longed desperately to be back at home.他非常渴望回家。
92 indigent 3b8zs     
adj.贫穷的,贫困的
参考例句:
  • The town government is responsible for assistance to indigent people.镇政府负责给穷人提供帮助。
  • A judge normally appoints the attorney for an indigent defendant at the defendant's first court appearence.法官通常会在贫穷被告人第一次出庭时,为其指派一名辩护律师。
93 epithet QZHzY     
n.(用于褒贬人物等的)表述形容词,修饰语
参考例句:
  • In "Alfred the Great","the Great"is an epithet.“阿尔弗雷德大帝”中的“大帝”是个称号。
  • It is an epithet that sums up my feelings.这是一个简洁地表达了我思想感情的形容词。
94 naive yFVxO     
adj.幼稚的,轻信的;天真的
参考例句:
  • It's naive of you to believe he'll do what he says.相信他会言行一致,你未免太单纯了。
  • Don't be naive.The matter is not so simple.你别傻乎乎的。事情没有那么简单。
95 aphorism rwHzY     
n.格言,警语
参考例句:
  • It is the aphorism of the Asian Games. 这是亚运会的格言。
  • Probably the aphorism that there is no easy answer to what is very complex is true. 常言道,复杂的问题无简易的答案,这话大概是真的。
96 aphorisms 5291cd1d01d630b01eaeb2f84166ab60     
格言,警句( aphorism的名词复数 )
参考例句:
  • He formulated trenchant aphorisms that caught their attention. 他阐述的鲜明格言引起了人们的注意。
  • The aphorisms started following like water as all the old cliches got dusted off. 一些陈词滥调象尘土一样扬起,一些格言警句象洪水一样到处泛滥。
97 promotion eRLxn     
n.提升,晋级;促销,宣传
参考例句:
  • The teacher conferred with the principal about Dick's promotion.教师与校长商谈了迪克的升级问题。
  • The clerk was given a promotion and an increase in salary.那个职员升了级,加了薪。
98 promising BkQzsk     
adj.有希望的,有前途的
参考例句:
  • The results of the experiments are very promising.实验的结果充满了希望。
  • We're trying to bring along one or two promising young swimmers.我们正设法培养出一两名有前途的年轻游泳选手。
99 speculation 9vGwe     
n.思索,沉思;猜测;投机
参考例句:
  • Her mind is occupied with speculation.她的头脑忙于思考。
  • There is widespread speculation that he is going to resign.人们普遍推测他要辞职。
100 doctrine Pkszt     
n.教义;主义;学说
参考例句:
  • He was impelled to proclaim his doctrine.他不得不宣扬他的教义。
  • The council met to consider changes to doctrine.宗教议会开会考虑更改教义。
101 habitual x5Pyp     
adj.习惯性的;通常的,惯常的
参考例句:
  • He is a habitual criminal.他是一个惯犯。
  • They are habitual visitors to our house.他们是我家的常客。
102 dominant usAxG     
adj.支配的,统治的;占优势的;显性的;n.主因,要素,主要的人(或物);显性基因
参考例句:
  • The British were formerly dominant in India.英国人从前统治印度。
  • She was a dominant figure in the French film industry.她在法国电影界是个举足轻重的人物。
103 victorious hhjwv     
adj.胜利的,得胜的
参考例句:
  • We are certain to be victorious.我们定会胜利。
  • The victorious army returned in triumph.获胜的部队凯旋而归。
104 pony Au5yJ     
adj.小型的;n.小马
参考例句:
  • His father gave him a pony as a Christmas present.他父亲给了他一匹小马驹作为圣诞礼物。
  • They made him pony up the money he owed.他们逼他还债。
105 advancement tzgziL     
n.前进,促进,提升
参考例句:
  • His new contribution to the advancement of physiology was well appreciated.他对生理学发展的新贡献获得高度赞赏。
  • The aim of a university should be the advancement of learning.大学的目标应是促进学术。
106 scouts e6d47327278af4317aaf05d42afdbe25     
侦察员[机,舰]( scout的名词复数 ); 童子军; 搜索; 童子军成员
参考例句:
  • to join the Scouts 参加童子军
  • The scouts paired off and began to patrol the area. 巡逻人员两个一组,然后开始巡逻这个地区。
107 devoted xu9zka     
adj.忠诚的,忠实的,热心的,献身于...的
参考例句:
  • He devoted his life to the educational cause of the motherland.他为祖国的教育事业贡献了一生。
  • We devoted a lengthy and full discussion to this topic.我们对这个题目进行了长时间的充分讨论。
108 jack 53Hxp     
n.插座,千斤顶,男人;v.抬起,提醒,扛举;n.(Jake)杰克
参考例句:
  • I am looking for the headphone jack.我正在找寻头戴式耳机插孔。
  • He lifted the car with a jack to change the flat tyre.他用千斤顶把车顶起来换下瘪轮胎。
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