胡敏读故事记单词托福词汇090

Lesson 90 Executive Privilege 行政特权

 

Words:

 

excess adj. 过度的，额外的；n. 过程，超过

 

excessive adj. 过度的，过分的，过多的

 

exchange n./vt. 兑换，交换

 

exclaim vt. 呼喊；惊叫

 

exclude vt. 把。。。排除在外；排斥

 

exclusion¹ n. 排除，逐出

 

exclusive adj. 独占的；排外的，唯一的

 

excursion n. 远足，游览

 

excuse vt. 原谅；n. 借口，理由

 

execute vt. 完成，实施，执行

 

execution n. 实施，执行

 

executive adj. 行政的；n. 执行者；经理主管人员

 

exemplary adj. 模范的，典范的，可效仿的

 

exemplify vt. 例证，例示

 

exempt² vi. 免除，豁免

 

exemption³ n. 解除，免除

 

exert vt. 运用，行驶，施加

 

exertion⁴ n. 尽力，努力

 

exhale⁵ vt. 呼出，呼气

 

exhaust vt. 用尽，耗尽；n. 排气，排气装置

 

exhausted⁶ adj. 精疲力竭的

 

“I thought that the punishment was excessive, didn’t you?” Shirley asked. Shirley was a supervisor⁷ and she thought she was

exempt from the rule against using paid time to execute personal errands.

 

“Maybe,” replied Kitty. “However, you did take an unauthorized excursion during work time.” Kitty was a supervisor too. Unlike

Shirley, she exerted her best efforts to be an exemplary employee. She did not believe that Shirley had a good excuse for violating the rules.

 

“All I did was to take a short walk to get rid of this excess fat,” Shirley exclaimed. “It seems like you can’t even exhale in this office without asking for permission.”

 

“I thought you went to the store to exchange a shirt,” Kitty said.

 

“I did,” Shirley said. “But it’s my privilege as an executive to take short breaks for personal matters. I see the managers taking personal breaks to smoke a cigarette. Why should I be excluded from the group? I put into my job the same a mount of exertion as they do. At the end of the day, I am just as exhausted. Taking personal breaks shouldn’t be an exclusive privilege for managers.”

 

“It’s true, the managers don’t exemplify good behavior for supervisors,” Kitty said. “They’re more concerned with out execution of their orders. Frankly⁸, I think we’ll just have to accept the fact of our exclusion from executive privilege.”

 

“All this talk is exhausting me,” said Shirley. “I think I need another break.”

 

Kitty shook her head in wonderment. “Haven’t you been listening to anything I’ve said?”

 

“我认为对我的处罚太过分了。不是吗？”雪莉问道。 雪莉是个监督员，她认为自己可以免于遵守公司的规定。然而，公司认为她没有资格享受豁免权而不遵守公司规定。公司反对利用上班时间去做私事。

 

“也许吧，”基蒂回答，“但你的确是未经批准，在工作期间外出游览了。”基蒂也是一名监督员。但跟雪莉不同，基蒂尽最大努力成为一名模范的雇员。她认为雪莉没有正当理由违反公司规定。

 

“我只不过是出去散会儿步，减少多余的脂肪。”雪莉大声喊道，“好像不经允许办公室里连大气都不敢出一口了。”

“我想你是去商店换衬衣去了。”基蒂说。

 

“是的，”雪莉说，“作为行政人员，我有权利用短短的休息时间做点私事。我看见经理们利用个人休息时间再抽烟。为什么我被排除再他们之外呢？对工作我庆祝了和他们一样的努力。一天下来，我同样也精疲力竭。利用个人休息时间不应是经理们独有的特权。”

 

“的确，经理们没有以良好的行为规范为监督人员树立榜样。”基蒂说，“他们更多关心的是我们对他们的命令的执行情况。坦率地讲，我想我们不得不接受这个事实——我们被排除在行政特权之外。”

 

“说了这么多快把我累死了。”雪莉说，“我想我又该休息一下了。”

 

基蒂惊讶地摇摇头说：“难道你根本没在听我说的话吗？”

1 exclusion   

n.拒绝，排除，排斥，远足，远途旅行

参考例句：

• Don't revise a few topics to the exclusion of all others.不要修改少数论题以致排除所有其他的。
• He plays golf to the exclusion of all other sports.他专打高尔夫球，其他运动一概不参加。

2 exempt   

adj.免除的；v.使免除；n.免税者，被免除义务者

参考例句：

• These goods are exempt from customs duties.这些货物免征关税。
• He is exempt from punishment about this thing.关于此事对他已免于处分。

3 exemption   

n.豁免，免税额，免除

参考例句：

• You may be able to apply for exemption from local taxes.你可能符合资格申请免除地方税。
• These goods are subject to exemption from tax.这些货物可以免税。

4 exertion   

n.尽力，努力

参考例句：

• We were sweating profusely from the exertion of moving the furniture.我们搬动家具大费气力，累得大汗淋漓。
• She was hot and breathless from the exertion of cycling uphill.由于用力骑车爬坡，她浑身发热。

5 exhale   

v.呼气，散出，吐出，蒸发

参考例句：

• Sweet odours exhale from flowers.花儿散发出花香。
• Wade exhaled a cloud of smoke and coughed.韦德吐出一口烟，然后咳嗽起来。

6 exhausted   

adj.极其疲惫的，精疲力尽的

参考例句：

• It was a long haul home and we arrived exhausted.搬运回家的这段路程特别长，到家时我们已筋疲力尽。
• Jenny was exhausted by the hustle of city life.珍妮被城市生活的忙乱弄得筋疲力尽。

7 supervisor   

n.监督人，管理人，检查员，督学，主管，导师

参考例句：

• Between you and me I think that new supervisor is a twit.我们私下说，我认为新来的主管人是一个傻瓜。
• He said I was too flighty to be a good supervisor.他说我太轻浮不能成为一名好的管理员。

8 frankly   

adv.坦白地，直率地；坦率地说

参考例句：

• To speak frankly, I don't like the idea at all.老实说，我一点也不赞成这个主意。
• Frankly speaking, I'm not opposed to reform.坦率地说，我不反对改革。