大学英语精读预备1册 lesson 2

Good Manners¹

We say that a person² has good manners if he or she is polite³, kind and helpful⁴ to others⁵. Every one likes a person with good manners. But no one likes a person with bad or careless⁶ manners. “yes,” you say , “but what are good manners ?how do I know what to do and what not to do ?”
Here are some examples of these things. They tell you what a person with good manners does or does not do.
He never laughs at people when they are in trouble⁷. Instead⁸, he tries to help them. He is always kind, never cruel⁹, either¹⁰ to people or to animals. When people are waiting for a bus, or in a post office, he takes his turn. He does not push¹² to the front. On the bus, he gives his seat¹³ to an old person or a lady. If he, by accident¹⁴, knocks¹⁵ someone¹⁶, or gets in their way, he says, “excuse me” or “I am sorry”.
He says “Please” when he asks somebody¹⁷ to help. He says “thank you” when he receives¹⁸ something. He stands up when he speaks to a lady or an older person. And he does not sit down when the other person does. He does not speak or laugh loudly in public¹⁹.
However²⁰, different countries have different manners. When you enter²¹ a house in some Asian²² countries, it is good manners to take off¹¹ your shoes. In European²³ countries, even²⁴ though²⁵ shoes sometime²⁶ become very dirty, this is not done. In Japan, the guest²⁷ and host²⁸ bow²⁹ each other. But in some other countries they only nod³⁰ or shake³¹ hands. A guest in a Chinese house never finishes a drink. He leaves³² a little to show that he has had³³ enough. In England a guest always finishes a drink to show that he was³⁴ enjoyed it.
But no matter how different the manners are, people all over the world agree³⁵ that good manners really mean to be kind and helpful to others, especially³⁶ those older or weaker than ourselves³⁷. If you remember this, you will not go very far wrong.

1 manners   

n.礼貌；规矩

参考例句：

• You should mend your manners.你的态度应当纠正。
• His manners are rough,but he is a kind man at heart.他虽然举止粗鲁，但心地善良。

2 person   

n.人

参考例句：

• I would never trust in that kind of person.我绝不会相信那种人。
• She is the very person I wanted to see.她正是我要见的人。

3 polite   

adj.有礼貌的，客气的；斯文的，有教养的

参考例句：

• It's not polite to stare at a girl in the face.盯着姑娘的脸瞧是不礼貌的。
• She is a polite girl.她是一个文雅的姑娘。

4 helpful   

adj.有帮助的，有用的，

参考例句：

• Computers are very useful and helpful.电脑非常有用，也有益。
• I try to be very helpful.我尽量使自己有助于人。

5 others   

prep.(pl.)另外的人

参考例句：

• Learning from others is important.向别人学习很重要。
• She is always ready to help others.她总是乐于助人。

6 careless   

adj.疏忽的，粗心的，不注意的，马马虎虎的

参考例句：

• A careless driver is a danger to the public.粗心的驾驶员对于公众是一种危险。
• You are always so careless.你做事总这么毛糙。

7 trouble   

n.苦恼，麻烦；故障；动乱；vt.麻烦 vi.费神

参考例句：

• I hate to trouble you.我真不愿麻烦你。
• The trouble is that he doesn't have enough money.麻烦在于他缺钱。

8 instead   

adv.代替；顶替

参考例句：

• She decided to leave here on Sunday instead of Monday.她决定星期日而不是星期一离开这里。
• Will you go to the party instead of me?你替我赴宴好吗？

9 cruel   

adj.残酷的，残忍的；痛苦的，引起痛苦的

参考例句：

• Tigers are cruel by nature.老虎生性残忍。
• The cruel man abandoned his wife and child.那个狠心的男人舍弃了妻小。

10 either   

adj.任一，两方的；prep.任一，随便任一个；conj.或，也

参考例句：

• I have bought two books,you can have either.我买了两本书，你要哪一本都可以。
• I don't think either of them are at home.我想他们中任何一个都不在家。

11 off   

adj.远的；休假的，空闲的；adv.走开，出发，隔断；prep.离开，脱落，在...之外

参考例句：

• You'd better cool off first.你最好先冷静下来。
• I need some time off.我需要一些时间休息。

12 push   

vt.推；使突出，使伸出，使延伸；大力推进，推行；通过，促使；vi.推；推进；伸展

参考例句：

• Don't push against me!别推我！
• If you always push him too hard,he may make mistakes.要是你总逼他太紧，他可能会出错。

13 seat   

n.座，座位，位子，席位；所在地；vt.使坐下，使就座，设座于

参考例句：

• Go back to your seat.回到你的坐位去。
• Which seat do you prefer?你更喜欢哪个位置？

14 accident   

n.事故，意外的事

参考例句：

• He had a traffic accident.他出了交通事故。
• An accident was happened yesterday.昨天发生了一起事故。

15 knocks   

n.短促的敲打（声）( knock的名词复数 )；爆震声；敲击声；敲门（或窗等）声v.敲，击，打( knock的第三人称单数 )；（心）怦怦跳；把…撞击成（某种状态）；批评

参考例句：

• This kind of news knocks you back a bit, doesn't it? 这种消息使你有点儿吃惊，是吗？ 来自《简明英汉词典》
• That book really knocks me out. 那本书确实引起了我的共鸣。 来自《简明英汉词典》

16 someone   

pron.某人，有人

参考例句：

• I can hear someone knocking.我听到有人敲门。
• Someone wants to see her.有人找她。

17 somebody   

n.重要人物；pron.某人，有人

参考例句：

• Somebody is using the computer.有人在用电脑。
• He seems to be somebody.他似乎是个重要人物。

18 receives   

v.收到( receive的第三人称单数 )；接到；接纳；接待

参考例句：

• The hospital receives a good deal of money in donations. 这家医院收到捐赠来的大笔款项。 来自《简明英汉词典》
• China Daily receives dispatches from all parts of the world. 《中国日报》收到世界各地发来的电讯。 来自《现代汉英综合大词典》

19 public   

adj.公开的，众所周知的，公众的；n.公共场合，公众，同好者

参考例句：

• Most children go to public school.大多数孩子上的是公立学院。
• She is shy of speaking in public.她怯于在公众面前讲话。

20 however   

adv.然而；conj.然而，可是，不过

参考例句：

• It's raining hard.However,I still want to go there.虽然下着大雨，我还是想去那儿。
• However, this does not always happen.然而，这种情况并不总是发生。

21 enter   

vt.进入，参加，开始；vi.进去，参加；n.回车键，输入，回车

参考例句：

• Do not enter the danger zone!切勿进入危险区！
• The sign means that cars cannot enter.这种标志表示汽车不能入内。

22 Asian   

adj.亚洲的；n.亚洲人

参考例句：

• She won two gold medals in the Asian Games.在亚洲运动会上她赢得了两枚金牌。
• An Asian is a person born or living in Asia.亚洲人是指出生或居住在亚洲的人。

23 European   

adj.欧洲的，发生在欧洲的；n.欧洲人

参考例句：

• France is a european nation.法国是个欧洲国家。
• I am not very familiar with European history.我对欧洲历史不太熟悉。

24 even   

adj.平坦的，偶数的，相等的；adv.甚至，恰好，正当

参考例句：

• It was cold yesterday,but it's even colder today. 昨天冷，今天更冷了。
• He's the best teacher even though he has the least experience.尽管他经验最少，但教得最好。

25 though   

conj.虽然，尽管；即使；可是，不过，然而；adv.可是，不过，然而

参考例句：

• It's quite pleasant today,though the wind is rather cool.尽管风有点凉，今天天气还是很不错的。
• I will have a try even though I should fail.哪怕失败，我也要试一下。

26 sometime   

adv.将来某一时候；改天

参考例句：

• He came sometime last month.上个月某个时候他曾经来过。
• It will happen sometime and somewhere.有朝一日这总会在什么地方发生的。

27 guest   

n.客人，宾客，顾客，旅客

参考例句：

• We must prepare a room for our guest.我们必须为客人预备一个房间。
• He is an unwelcome guest.他是个不受欢迎的客人。

28 host   

n.主机，主人，主持人，东道主；v.主持，做东

参考例句：

• Who will be the host for tonight's program?谁是今晚的节目主持人？
• The host greeted us at the gate.主人在大门口迎接我们。

29 bow   

n.弓，船头，鞠躬；v.鞠躬，弯腰

参考例句：

• There's a flag on the bow of his boat.在他的船头有一面旗子。
• We bow to the teacher.我们向老师鞠个躬。

30 nod   

n.点头，打盹，摆动；v.点头，打盹，使...摆动

参考例句：

• The kids smile and nod.孩子们微笑着点头。
• At last she began to nod.最后，她开始打瞌睡了。

31 shake   

n./vt.(shook；shaken)震动；颤抖；vi.摇动，摇

参考例句：

• Let's shake hands and be friends.让我们握手做朋友。
• Shake,shake,shake your shoulders,shake them up and down.耸耸肩，从上到下耸耸肩。

32 leaves   

n.树叶，花瓣； leaf 的复数； leave 的单数第三人称现在式

参考例句：

• The walk was covered with leaves.这人行道上满是树叶。
• Will you check on the time the train leaves?请你核对一下火车开出的时间好吗？

33 had   

vbl.have的过去式和过去分词；conj.有

参考例句：

• I just had a good idea!我有个好主意！
• The boy had a small branch of a tree in his hand.这个男孩手上拿一条小树枝。

34 was   

v.(is,am的过去式)是，在

参考例句：

• He said he was right.他说他是正确的。
• He was cold and hungry.他又冷又饿。

35 agree   

vi.同意，赞成，承认，适合；vt.同意

参考例句：

• I totally agree with you.我完全同意你的看法。
• They could not agree about who should do the work.对于谁该做这项工作，他们意见不一致。

36 especially   

adv.特别，尤其，格外；专门地，主要地

参考例句：

• I like to swim,especially in the sea.我喜欢游泳，尤其喜欢在大海中游泳。
• I am especially by math problems.我对数学问题特别感兴趣。

37 ourselves   

pron.我们自己

参考例句：

• We walked home by ourselves.我们独自走回家。
• We fight only for ourselves!我们只为自己而战！