经济学人:无酗酒酒吧 酒不醉人

 　　Booze-free bars

　　无酗酒酒吧

　　Shaken not slurred¹

　　酒不醉人

　　Fashionable urbanites revive a temperance tradition

　　时尚的都市人恢复了节制饮酒的传统

　　None for the road

　　无人醉倒在路边

　　WEST LONDON，Friday night, 9pm. In the Redemption bar, music hums and candles flicker². A barman shakes cocktails³ under a neon sign. But the rowdy carousing⁴ often associated with British pubs at the weekend is absent. Although the cocorita is served with a margarita-style rim⁵ of salt, it contains no alcohol. Redemption is one of a small but growing number of drinkeries that serve no liquor.

　　伦敦西部，星期五晚上9点。Redemption酒吧里，闪闪的烛光中飘扬着音乐。霓虹灯下酒吧服务员摇晃着鸡尾酒杯。然而，往常周末经常会有的吵闹的欢饮，却没有在这里出现。酒吧虽然提供了cocorita，但是里面却不含酒精。不提供烈性酒的酒吧虽少，但它们的数量在不断增加，Redemption就是其中之一。

　　Worries about booze are on the rise. Hospitals complain that alcohol-related admissions are soaring; some police chiefs have called for new powers to tackle disorderly drunks. On February 4th the Home Office announced a new plan that ought to stop retailers⁶ from selling alcoholic⁷ drinks below cost—something they occasionally do to attract shoppers. This, said Norman Baker⁸, the Liberal Democrat⁹ minister in charge, would “stop the worst examples of very cheap and harmful drink”.

　　人们对酗酒的担忧日益加剧。医院抱怨称因酒就医的人越来越多；警察部门的负责人呼吁当局给予他们更多权力来对付酗酒的人。2月4日，内政部出台新规定，旨在禁止零售商销售低于成本价的酒饮料——他们经常用这种廉价的酒品来吸引顾客。内政部防止罪案次长，自由民主党人诺曼·贝克说，该项规定将消除过于便宜的劣质酒所带来的非常恶劣的影响。

　　Yet Britain is in many ways becoming more abstemious¹⁰. In 2001 the average household consumed 1.5 litres of alcoholic drinks a week; by 2011, the latest year for which figures are available, that had fallen to 1.1 litres. The young in particular seem to be giving up boozing: over the same period, the number of 18- to 24-year-old men admitting to drinking heavily at least once a week fell from 37% to 22%; women became less sozzled, too. This year four times as many people gave up booze for “dry January” as did so last year, says Emily Robinson of Alcohol Concern, a charity. Dry bars benefit from this fad¹¹: Redemption's customers quadrupled between December and January.

　　英国在很多方面都变得更加节制。在2001年，平均每家每周消费1.5升酒饮料；到了2011年，最近的一个有相关统计数字的年份，这一消费量降到了1.1升。年轻人放弃酗酒的尤其多： 2001年时，18-24周岁的男青年中有37%的人每周至少酗酒一次；到了2011年，这一比例降为22%。女性在饮酒方面也变得更加节制。艾米丽·鲁滨逊来自一家名为“关注饮酒”的慈善组织，她说，今年响应“二月戒酒”运动的人是去年同期的三倍。戒酒酒吧从这一风气中受益：Redemption的顾客在12月到1月之间翻了两番。

　　Abstemious bars have also opened in Liverpool and Nottingham, and are planned for Brighton and Newcastle—two famously high-living towns. Unlike many cafés, they stay open late. They emulate¹² bars in other ways, with live music, comedy acts and films to pull in punters. When the lights go down and the DJ plays at Sobar, which opened in Nottingham in January, it looks like any city bar, hopes Alex Gillmore, the manager. Redemption misses the hefty profits made on alcohol, but temperance brings its own benefits. Business remains¹³ steady throughout the week rather than spiking¹⁴ at the weekend, says Catherine Salway, its founder¹⁵. The absence of drunken, obstreperous¹⁶ patrons means that bouncers are unnecessary.

　　利物浦和诺丁汉也开了一些节制酒吧，两个著名的奢侈之城——布赖顿和纽卡尔斯也有此计划。与咖啡厅不同，戒指酒吧在夜里会开到很晚。在其他方面，它们与正常酒吧相仿，用轻音乐、喜剧表演和电影招徕顾客。诺丁汉的Sobar开张于今年的1月份，其经理亚历克斯·吉尔默希望当灯光变暗，DJ响起时，它看起来像正常酒吧一样。Redemption失去了酒品带来的丰厚的利润，但是节制饮酒会带来它自身的利润。Redemption的创始人凯瑟琳·梭威说，酒吧的生意每天都保持在一个稳定的水平，而不是在周末的时候有个峰值。没有了酒鬼，没有了喧闹，说明海量的人并不是必须的。

　　Sobar, like the Brink¹⁷ in Liverpool, is linked to a do-gooding drug and alcohol charity. But ordinary drinking dens¹⁸ are becoming a little drier, too, out of business sense rather than temperance principle. Pubs can make almost as much selling food as drink—and more are serving it. Both in pubs and at home, less boozy drinks are becoming popular. Total sales of beer by volume dropped slightly in the year to January, but those of the weaker kinds, with just 1.3-3.3% alcohol by volume, jumped 32%, according to Kantar Worldpanel, a market-research firm. Sales of “adult” sparkling soft drinks are growing too. Perhaps the café-culture British politicians have so long yearned¹⁹ for is at last emerging. A sobering thought.

　　同利物浦的Brink一样，Sobar也与一家倡导戒毒戒酒的慈善组织有关。但是，普通的酒吧也开始迎合戒酒的风尚了，它们是出于商业的目的，而不是因为节制的原则。酒吧几乎可以卖出同酒品销量一样多的食品，而且很多酒吧都在提供食物。无论是在酒吧还是在家里，少饮酒都成为了一种时尚。市场调查公司Kantar Worldpanel的数据显示：截止到1月份，今年来啤酒的总销量略有下降，但是酒精度数较低的品种—酒精占比为1.3-3.3%（体积比例）的啤酒——销量下降了32%。成年人软饮料的销量不断增加。英国政客所向往的咖啡文化或许正在涌现。这是一种有节制的理念。

　　1.associate with 与…交往，联系

　　例句:But vishaal believes that combat gent can find a place for itself by providing lower cost clothes than high-end boutiques without the stigma²⁰ some shoppers associate with low-end discount stores.

　　不过维沙尔相信，Combat Gent可以提供比高端服装店价格更低的服装，却又不会让购物者把它与低端折扣店联系在一起。

　　2.call for 要求;需要

　　例句:Your plan will call for a lot of money.

　　你的计划需要许多钱。

　　3.ought to 理应;应当

　　例句:You ought to kick back at such malicious²¹ slander²².

　　你应当反击这种恶毒的污蔑。

　　4.give up 放弃;投降

　　例句:Despite rumblings in the press, it's not time yet to give up on the electric car.

　　尽管媒体对电动汽车颇有微词，但现在就说要放弃它还为时尚早。

1 slurred   

含糊地说出( slur的过去式和过去分词 )； 含糊地发…的声； 侮辱； 连唱

参考例句：

• She had drunk too much and her speech was slurred. 她喝得太多了，话都说不利索了。
• You could tell from his slurred speech that he was drunk. 从他那含糊不清的话语中你就知道他喝醉了。

2 flicker   

vi./n.闪烁，摇曳，闪现

参考例句：

• There was a flicker of lights coming from the abandoned house.这所废弃的房屋中有灯光闪烁。
• At first,the flame may be a small flicker,barely shining.开始时，光辉可能是微弱地忽隐忽现，几乎并不灿烂。

3 cocktails   

n.鸡尾酒( cocktail的名词复数 )；餐前开胃菜；混合物

参考例句：

• Come about 4 o'clock. We'll have cocktails and grill steaks. 请四点钟左右来，我们喝鸡尾酒，吃烤牛排。 来自辞典例句
• Cocktails were a nasty American habit. 喝鸡尾酒是讨厌的美国习惯。 来自辞典例句

4 carousing   

v.痛饮，闹饮欢宴( carouse的现在分词 )

参考例句：

• During the next nine years he alternated between service in several armies and carousing in Paris. 在那以后的九年里，他时而在几个军队中服役，时而在巴黎狂欢作乐。 来自辞典例句
• In his youth George W. Bush had a reputation for carousing. 小布什在年轻时有好玩的名声。 来自互联网

5 rim   

n.(圆物的)边，轮缘；边界

参考例句：

• The water was even with the rim of the basin.盆里的水与盆边平齐了。
• She looked at him over the rim of her glass.她的目光越过玻璃杯的边沿看着他。

6 retailers   

零售商，零售店( retailer的名词复数 )

参考例句：

• High street retailers reported a marked increase in sales before Christmas. 商业街的零售商报告说圣诞节前销售量显著提高。
• Retailers have a statutory duty to provide goods suitable for their purpose. 零售商有为他们提供符合要求的货品的法定义务。

7 alcoholic   

adj.（含）酒精的，由酒精引起的；n.酗酒者

参考例句：

• The alcoholic strength of brandy far exceeds that of wine.白兰地的酒精浓度远远超过葡萄酒。
• Alcoholic drinks act as a poison to a child.酒精饮料对小孩犹如毒药。

8 baker   

n.面包师

参考例句：

• The baker bakes his bread in the bakery.面包师在面包房内烤面包。
• The baker frosted the cake with a mixture of sugar and whites of eggs.面包师在蛋糕上撒了一层白糖和蛋清的混合料。

9 democrat   

n.民主主义者，民主人士；民主党党员

参考例句：

• The Democrat and the Public criticized each other.民主党人和共和党人互相攻击。
• About two years later,he was defeated by Democrat Jimmy Carter.大约两年后，他被民主党人杰米卡特击败。

10 abstemious   

adj.有节制的，节俭的

参考例句：

• He is abstemious in eating and drinking.他在饮食方面是很有节制的。
• Mr.Hall was naturally an abstemious man indifferent to luxury.霍尔先生天生是个饮食有度，不爱奢侈的人。

11 fad   

n.时尚；一时流行的狂热；一时的爱好

参考例句：

• His interest in photography is only a passing fad.他对摄影的兴趣只是一时的爱好罢了。
• A hot business opportunity is based on a long-term trend not a short-lived fad.一个热门的商机指的是长期的趋势而非一时的流行。

12 emulate   

v.努力赶上或超越，与…竞争；效仿

参考例句：

• You must work hard to emulate your sister.你必须努力工作，赶上你姐姐。
• You must look at the film and try to emulate his behavior.你们必须观看这部电影，并尽力模仿他的动作。

13 remains   

n.剩余物，残留物；遗体，遗迹

参考例句：

• He ate the remains of food hungrily.他狼吞虎咽地吃剩余的食物。
• The remains of the meal were fed to the dog.残羹剩饭喂狗了。

14 spiking   

n.尖峰形成v.加烈酒于( spike的现在分词 )；偷偷地给某人的饮料加入（更多）酒精（ 或药物）；把尖状物钉入；打乱某人的计划

参考例句：

• High spiking fever with chills is suggestive of a complicating pylephlebitis. 伴有寒战的高热，暗示合并门静脉炎。 来自辞典例句
• We could be spiking our own guns. 我们可能要遭到失败。 来自辞典例句

15 Founder   

n.创始者，缔造者

参考例句：

• He was extolled as the founder of their Florentine school.他被称颂为佛罗伦萨画派的鼻祖。
• According to the old tradition,Romulus was the founder of Rome.按照古老的传说，罗穆卢斯是古罗马的建国者。

16 obstreperous   

adj.喧闹的，不守秩序的

参考例句：

• He becomes obstreperous when he's had a few drinks.他喝了些酒就爱撒酒疯。
• You know I have no intention of being awkward and obstreperous.你知道我无意存心作对。

17 brink   

n.(悬崖、河流等的)边缘，边沿

参考例句：

• The tree grew on the brink of the cliff.那棵树生长在峭壁的边缘。
• The two countries were poised on the brink of war.这两个国家处于交战的边缘。

18 dens   

n.牙齿，齿状部分；兽窝( den的名词复数 )；窝点；休息室；书斋

参考例句：

• Female bears tend to line their dens with leaves or grass. 母熊往往会在洞穴里垫些树叶或草。 来自辞典例句
• In winter bears usually hibernate in their dens. 冬天熊通常在穴里冬眠。 来自辞典例句

19 yearned   

渴望，切盼，向往( yearn的过去式和过去分词 )

参考例句：

• The people yearned for peace. 人民渴望和平。
• She yearned to go back to the south. 她渴望回到南方去。

20 stigma   

n.耻辱，污名；(花的)柱头

参考例句：

• Being an unmarried mother used to carry a social stigma.做未婚母亲在社会上曾是不光彩的事。
• The stigma of losing weighed heavily on the team.失败的耻辱让整个队伍压力沉重。

21 malicious   

adj.有恶意的，心怀恶意的

参考例句：

• You ought to kick back at such malicious slander. 你应当反击这种恶毒的污蔑。
• Their talk was slightly malicious.他们的谈话有点儿心怀不轨。

22 slander   

n./v.诽谤，污蔑

参考例句：

• The article is a slander on ordinary working people.那篇文章是对普通劳动大众的诋毁。
• He threatened to go public with the slander.他威胁要把丑闻宣扬出去。