经济学人510:国际新秩序

　　Leaders
社论
The new world order
国际新秩序
The post-Soviet¹ world order was far from perfect, but Vladimir Putin's idea for replacing it is much worse
后苏联时代世界秩序远不够完美，普京构建新秩序的想法却更糟
“IN PEOPLE'S hearts and minds,” Vladimir Putin told Russia's parliament this week, “Crimea has always been an inseparable part of Russia.”
本周，普京在俄罗斯议会发表演说时表示“在人民的心目中，克里米亚始终是俄罗斯不可分割的一部分”。
He annexed² the peninsula with dazzling speed and efficiency, backed by a crushing majority in a referendum.
普京以迅雷不及掩耳之势吞并克里米亚半岛，且在公民投票中获得压倒性支持。
He calls it a victory for order and legitimacy³ and a blow against Western meddling⁴.
他将之称为秩序和法律的胜利，这是对西方干预的打击。
The reality is that Mr Putin is a force for instability and strife⁵.
而事实上，普京是世界不稳定和冲突的根源。
The founding act of his new order was to redraw a frontier using arguments that could be deployed⁶ to inflame⁷ territorial⁸ disputes in dozens of places around the world.
其建立世界新秩序的挑衅行为意在重新划定边界，而这一举动的理由可能导致世界上诸多地区陷入领土争端。
Even if most Crimeans do want to joinRussia, the referendum was a farce⁹.
即便大部分克里米亚人民希望加入俄罗斯，此次公投也只是场闹剧。
克里米亚.jpg
Russia's recent conduct is often framed narrowly as the start of a new cold war withAmerica.
俄罗斯进来的举动常被狭隘地定义为向美国发起的一场新冷战。
In fact it poses a broader threat to countries everywhere because Mr Putin has driven a tank over the existing world order.
事实上，这些举动对世界各国均造成了威胁，因为在现有世界秩序下，普京开着坦克耀武扬威。
The embrace of the motherland
拥抱祖国
Foreign policy follows cycles.
纵观历史，各国外交政策此消彼长，周而复始。
The Soviet collapse¹⁰ ushered¹¹ in a decade of unchallenged supremacy¹² for theUnited Statesand the aggressive assertion of American values.
上世纪随着苏联解体，美国迎来了十年的超级霸主地位，随之而来的是美国价值观下的侵略要求。
But, puffed¹³ up by the hubris¹⁴ of George Bush, this “unipolar world” choked in the dust ofIraq.
但是，由于小布什傲慢的极度膨胀，“单极世界”湮灭在伊拉克战场的尘土之中。
Since then Barack Obama has tried to fashion a more collaborative approach, built on a belief that America can make common cause with other countries to confront shared problems and isolate¹⁵ wrongdoers.
奥巴马入主白宫后倾向于更具合作性的政策，同其他国家联合应对共同面临的问题，如有必要孤立惹是生非者。
This has failed miserably¹⁶ in Syria but shown some signs of working with Iran.
奥巴马的政策在叙利亚遭遇重挫，转而流露出同伊朗合作的迹象。
Even in its gentler form, it is American clout¹⁷ that keeps sea lanes open, borders respected and international law broadly observed. To that extent, the post-Soviet order has meaning.
即便是持以温和姿态，国际航运、国际边界、国际法律也是在美国的周旋下得以维持。如此说来，后苏联秩序意义非凡。
Mr Putin is now destroying that. He dresses up his takeover of Crimea in the garb¹⁸ of international law, arguing for instance that the ousting¹⁹ of the government in Kiev means he is no longer bound by a treaty guaranteeing Ukraine's borders that Russiasigned in 1994, when Ukraine gave up nuclear weapons.
现在，普京正在破坏这一秩序，他假借国际法之名接管克里米亚，并坚称推翻乌克兰政府职权意味着俄罗斯无需继续遵守俄乌两国于1994年签署的边界条约，这一条约是乌克兰承诺放弃核武器计划时签订的。
But international law depends on governments inheriting the rights and duties of their predecessors²⁰.
但是，国际法有赖于新政府继承往届政府的职责和权力。
Similarly, he has invoked²¹ the principle that he must protect his “compatriots” meaning anybody he chooses to define as Russian—wherever they are.
同样，普京援用自己必须保护“同胞”的原则，可能是任何他选定的俄罗斯人，无论那些“同胞”在哪。
Against all evidence, he has denied that the unbadged troops who took control of Crimea were Russian.
尽管种种证据都指向他，普京依旧否认那些控制克里米亚而未佩戴肩章的军士为俄国军队。
That combination of protection and subterfuge²² is a formula for intervention²³ in any country with a minority, not just a Russian one.
打着保护的旗帜，却以各种托词否认事实是强国干涉任何弱势国家的惯用伎俩，不止是俄罗斯一国如此。
Brandishing²⁴ fabricated accounts of Ukrainian fascists²⁵ threatening Crimea, he has defied the principle that intervention abroad should be a last resort in the face of genuine suffering.
干涉他国事物是在该国真正陷入困境时的不得已而为之的手段，对此不以为然的普京强词夺理，称乌克兰法西斯威胁着克里米亚地区。
He cites NATO's bombing of Kosovo in 1999 as a precedent²⁶, but that came after terrible violence and exhaustive efforts at the UN—whichRussiablocked.
普京将1999年北约轰炸科索沃作为前车之鉴，但那次事件是由于俄罗斯阻挠，导致严重暴力事件的发生、且在联合国协商僵持不下之后的恶果。
Even then Kosovo was not, like Crimea, immediately annexed, but seceded²⁷ nine years later.
即便是科索沃也不像这次克里米亚事件一样，前者是事发九年后才被吞并，而后在几乎是在一念之间便发生了。
Mr Putin's new order, in short, is built on revanchism, a reckless disdain²⁸ for the truth and the twisting of the law to mean whatever suits those in power.
简而言之，普京的新世界秩序是建立在复仇主义的基础上，这一粗暴无视事实及曲解国际法的行径，意图再明显不过，即满足掌权者的需求。
That makes it no order at all.
这也就导致世界毫无秩序可言。
Sadly, too few people understand this.
悲哀的是，几乎没有人看透这一点。
Plenty of countries resent American primacy and Western moralising.
美国世界霸主地位及西方国家说教，都让很多国家深恶痛疾。
But they would find Mr Putin's new order far worse.
但是，他们会发现普京的新秩序或许更糟。
Small countries thrive in an open system of rules, albeit²⁹ imperfect ones.
在开放的世界体系中，尽管这一体系并不完美，但小国终归还是得以繁荣。
If might is right, they have much to fear, especially if they must contend with an aggressive regional power.
或许，如果这一思路是对的，小国们就得提高警惕了，尤其是他们需要同一个侵略性十足的地区霸主相抗衡的时候。
Larger countries, especially the new giants of the emerging world, face less threat of bullying³⁰, but an anarchic, mistrustful world would harm them all the same.
大国，尤其是新兴世界的新寡头将不会面临太多欺凌，但是一个混乱、互相失去信任的国家对他们来说同样不利。
If international agreements are robbed of their meaning, India could more easily be sucked into a clash of arms with Chinaover Arunachal Pradesh or Ladakh with Pakistan.
如果国际条约不再具有其原有的意义，印度可能会轻易就阿鲁那恰尔邦争端同中国短兵相接，或是就拉达克问题同巴基斯坦兵刃相见。
If unilateral secession is acceptable, Turkeywill find it harder to persuade its Kurds that their future lies in making peace.
如果单边分离可以为人所接受，土耳其游说库尔德人双方未来会走向和平势必会更加困难。
Egypt andSaudi Arabia wantIran's regional ambitions to be tamped³¹ down, not fed by the principle that it can intervene to help Shia Muslims across theMiddle East.
埃及、沙特阿拉伯希望伊朗控制一下区域野心，不要认为自己能够通过干涉，达到支持整个中东国家的什叶派穆斯林。
Even Chinashould pause.
即便是中国也要设身处地的想一想。
Tactically,Crimeaties it in knots.
从战术层面来讲克里米亚问题同其息息相关。
The precedent of secession is anathema³², because of Tibet; the principle of unification is sacrosanct³³, because ofTaiwan.
因为西藏问题，不幸中国已有了分离的先例；因为台湾问题，中国统一的原则神圣不可侵犯。
Strategically, though,China's interests are clear.
尽管从战略层面来讲，中国的利益十分明晰。
For decades, it has sought to rise peacefully within the system, avoiding the competition that an upstart Germany launched against Britain in the 19th century and which ended in war.
数十年来，中国在其现有体制下寻求和平崛起，避免像十九世纪时德国为同英国展开竞争，最终导致战争的情况出现。
But peace is elusive³⁴ in Mr Putin's world, because anything can become a pretext³⁵ for action, and any perceived aggression³⁶ demands a riposte.
但是，和平在普京的字典里定义模棱两可，因为任何理由都可能成为他展开行动的托词，任何潜在的侵略都需要予以打击。
Act now or pay later
要么现在展开行动，要么以后付出代价
For Mr Obama, this is a defining moment: he must lead, not just co-operate.
对于奥巴马来说，这是个关键性时刻：他需要扮演领导者的角色，而不仅仅是合作伙伴。
But Crimeashould also matter to the rest of the world.
但是，对于世界其他国家，克里米亚问题同样至关重要。
Given what is at stake, the response has so far been weak and fragmented.ChinaandIndiahave more or less stood aside.
考虑到现在一触即发的局势，世界各国对于克里米亚问题反应仍旧太过无力、且四分五裂。
The West has imposed visa sanctions and frozen a few Russians' assets.
中国和印度或多或少都会采取隔岸观火的态势，西方已经对俄罗斯采取签证限制、冻结少数俄罗斯人的资产等制裁措施。
The targets call this a badge of honour.
被制裁的俄罗斯人反而觉得这是一种荣誉的象征。
At the very least, the measures must start to exceed expectations.
至少，现在制裁措施应该超出人们预期。
Asset freezes can be powerful, because, as the Iransanctions showed, international finance dreads³⁷ being caught up in America's regulatory machinery³⁸.
资产冻结极为有效，因为随着对伊朗的相关制裁措施效果显现，国际资金担心会被美国的监管机制逮个正着。
Mr Putin's kleptocratic friends would yelp³⁹ if Britainmade Londonunwelcome to Russian money linked to the regime.
如果英国表示不欢迎俄罗斯的资金同其政府有太多牵涉，普京那些贪腐政界友人势必会抓狂。
France should withhold⁴⁰ its arms sales toRussia; and, in case eastern Ukraine is next,Germany must be prepared to embargo⁴¹ Russian oil and gas.
法国应该停止对俄军售；德国应该时刻准备对俄实行油气禁运，以防乌克兰东部同样会被俄罗斯吞并。
Planning should start right now to lessenEurope's dependence⁴² on Russian energy and to strengthen NATO.
现在应该立即着手准备，减轻欧洲队俄罗斯能源的依赖，强化北约的作用。
Ukraineneeds short-term money, to stave off collapse, and longer-term reforms, with the help of the IMF, backed by as much outside advice as the country will stomach.
为避免经济崩溃，乌克兰需要短期资金救济，而从长远来看，乌克兰需要改革。在世界货币基金组织的帮助下，在外界诸多建议的支持下，乌克兰会走出困境。
As a first step,America must immediately pay its dues to the fund, which have been blocked by Congress for months.
首先，美国应该立即缴纳IMF的会费资金，该资金由于国会阻挠已拖延数月。
Even if the West is prepared to take serious measures against Mr Putin, the world's rising powers may not be inclined to condemn⁴³ him.
即便西方准备对普京采取严厉制裁措施，世界上大的发展中国家或许不会迁怒于普京。
But instead of acquiescing⁴⁴ in his illegal annexation⁴⁵ of Crimea, they should reflect on what kind of a world order they want to live under.
但是，除了默许普京非法吞并克里米亚，他们应该反思自己想要生活在一个什么样的世界秩序下。
Would they prefer one in which states by and large respect international agreements and borders?
他们是愿意呆在一个大体上尊重国际协议和边界的秩序下？
Or one in which words are bent⁴⁶, borders ignored and agreements broken at will?
还是愿意呆在一个可以肆意曲解承诺、无视边界、破坏协议的秩序下？

1 Soviet   

adj.苏联的，苏维埃的；n.苏维埃

参考例句：

• Zhukov was a marshal of the former Soviet Union.朱可夫是前苏联的一位元帅。
• Germany began to attack the Soviet Union in 1941.德国在1941年开始进攻苏联。

2 annexed   

[法] 附加的，附属的

参考例句：

• Germany annexed Austria in 1938. 1938年德国吞并了奥地利。
• The outlying villages were formally annexed by the town last year. 那些偏远的村庄于去年正式被并入该镇。

3 legitimacy   

n.合法，正当

参考例句：

• The newspaper was directly challenging the government's legitimacy.报纸直接质疑政府的合法性。
• Managing from the top down,we operate with full legitimacy.我们进行由上而下的管理有充分的合法性。

4 meddling   

v.干涉，干预（他人事务）( meddle的现在分词 )

参考例句：

• He denounced all "meddling" attempts to promote a negotiation. 他斥责了一切“干预”促成谈判的企图。 来自辞典例句
• They liked this field because it was never visited by meddling strangers. 她们喜欢这块田野，因为好事的陌生人从来不到那里去。 来自辞典例句

5 strife   

n.争吵，冲突，倾轧，竞争

参考例句：

• We do not intend to be drawn into the internal strife.我们不想卷入内乱之中。
• Money is a major cause of strife in many marriages.金钱是造成很多婚姻不和的一个主要原因。

6 deployed   

（尤指军事行动）使展开( deploy的过去式和过去分词 )； 施展； 部署； 有效地利用

参考例句：

• Tanks have been deployed all along the front line. 沿整个前线已部署了坦克。
• The artillery was deployed to bear on the fort. 火炮是对着那个碉堡部署的。

7 inflame   

v.使燃烧；使极度激动；使发炎

参考例句：

• Our lack of response seemed to inflame the colonel.由于我们没有反应,好象惹恼了那个上校。
• Chemical agents manufactured by our immune system inflame our cells and tissues,causing our nose to run and our throat to swell.我们的免疫系统产生的化学物质导致我们的细胞和组织发炎，导致我们流鼻水和我们的喉咙膨胀。

8 territorial   

adj.领土的，领地的

参考例句：

• The country is fighting to preserve its territorial integrity.该国在为保持领土的完整而进行斗争。
• They were not allowed to fish in our territorial waters.不允许他们在我国领海捕鱼。

9 farce   

n.闹剧，笑剧，滑稽戏；胡闹

参考例句：

• They played a shameful role in this farce.他们在这场闹剧中扮演了可耻的角色。
• The audience roared at the farce.闹剧使观众哄堂大笑。

10 collapse   

vi.累倒；昏倒；倒塌；塌陷

参考例句：

• The country's economy is on the verge of collapse.国家的经济已到了崩溃的边缘。
• The engineer made a complete diagnosis of the bridge's collapse.工程师对桥的倒塌做了一次彻底的调查分析。

11 ushered   

v.引，领，陪同( usher的过去式和过去分词 )

参考例句：

• The secretary ushered me into his office. 秘书把我领进他的办公室。
• A round of parties ushered in the New Year. 一系列的晚会迎来了新年。 来自《简明英汉词典》

12 supremacy   

n.至上；至高权力

参考例句：

• No one could challenge her supremacy in gymnastics.她是最优秀的体操运动员，无人能胜过她。
• Theoretically,she holds supremacy as the head of the state.从理论上说，她作为国家的最高元首拥有至高无上的权力。

13 puffed   

adj.疏松的v.使喷出( puff的过去式和过去分词 )；喷着汽（或烟）移动；吹嘘；吹捧

参考例句：

• He lit a cigarette and puffed at it furiously. 他点燃了一支香烟，狂吸了几口。 来自《简明英汉词典》
• He felt grown-up, puffed up with self-importance. 他觉得长大了，便自以为了不起。 来自《简明英汉词典》

14 hubris   

n.傲慢，骄傲

参考例句：

• There is no safety in unlimited technological hubris.在技术方面自以为是会很危险。
• The very hubris of French claims alarmed the other powers.法国贪婪的胃口使其他大国惊恐不安。

15 isolate   

vt.使孤立，隔离

参考例句：

• Do not isolate yourself from others.不要把自己孤立起来。
• We should never isolate ourselves from the masses.我们永远不能脱离群众。

16 miserably   

adv.痛苦地；悲惨地；糟糕地；极度地

参考例句：

• The little girl was wailing miserably. 那小女孩难过得号啕大哭。
• It was drizzling, and miserably cold and damp. 外面下着毛毛细雨，天气又冷又湿，令人难受。 来自《简明英汉词典》

17 clout   

n.用手猛击；权力，影响力

参考例句：

• The queen may have privilege but she has no real political clout.女王有特权，但无真正的政治影响力。
• He gave the little boy a clout on the head.他在那小男孩的头部打了一下。

18 garb   

n.服装，装束

参考例句：

• He wore the garb of a general.他身着将军的制服。
• Certain political,social,and legal forms reappear in seemingly different garb.一些政治、社会和法律的形式在表面不同的外衣下重复出现。

19 ousting   

驱逐( oust的现在分词 )； 革职； 罢黜； 剥夺

参考例句：

• The resulting financial chaos led to the ousting of Bristol-Myers' s boss. 随后引发的财政混乱导致了百时美施贵宝的总裁下台。
• The ousting of the president has drawn widespread criticism across Latin America and the wider world. 洪都拉斯总统被驱逐时间引起拉丁美洲甚至全世界的广泛批评。

20 predecessors   

n.前任( predecessor的名词复数 )；前辈；（被取代的）原有事物；前身

参考例句：

• The new government set about dismantling their predecessors' legislation. 新政府正着手废除其前任所制定的法律。 来自《简明英汉词典》
• Will new plan be any more acceptable than its predecessors? 新计划比原先的计划更能令人满意吗？ 来自《简明英汉词典》

21 invoked   

v.援引( invoke的过去式和过去分词 )；行使（权利等）；祈求救助；恳求

参考例句：

• It is unlikely that libel laws will be invoked. 不大可能诉诸诽谤法。
• She had invoked the law in her own defence. 她援引法律为自己辩护。 来自《简明英汉词典》

22 subterfuge   

n.诡计；藉口

参考例句：

• European carping over the phraseology represented a mixture of hypocrisy and subterfuge.欧洲在措词上找岔子的做法既虚伪又狡诈。
• The Independents tried hard to swallow the wretched subterfuge.独立党的党员们硬着头皮想把这一拙劣的托词信以为真。

23 intervention   

n.介入，干涉，干预

参考例句：

• The government's intervention in this dispute will not help.政府对这场争论的干预不会起作用。
• Many people felt he would be hostile to the idea of foreign intervention.许多人觉得他会反对外来干预。

24 brandishing   

v.挥舞( brandish的现在分词 )；炫耀

参考例句：

• The horseman came up to Robin Hood, brandishing his sword. 那个骑士挥舞着剑，来到罗宾汉面前。 来自《简明英汉词典》
• He appeared in the lounge brandishing a knife. 他挥舞着一把小刀，出现在休息室里。 来自辞典例句

25 fascists   

n.法西斯主义的支持者( fascist的名词复数 )

参考例句：

• The old man was seized with burning hatred for the fascists. 老人对法西斯主义者充满了仇恨。 来自《简明英汉词典》
• Zoya heroically bore the torture that the Fascists inflicted upon her. 卓娅英勇地承受法西斯匪徒加在她身上的酷刑。 来自《简明英汉词典》

26 precedent   

n.先例，前例；惯例；adj.在前的，在先的

参考例句：

• Is there a precedent for what you want me to do?你要我做的事有前例可援吗？
• This is a wonderful achievement without precedent in Chinese history.这是中国历史上亘古未有的奇绩。

27 seceded   

v.脱离，退出( secede的过去式和过去分词 )

参考例句：

• The Republic of Panama seceded from Colombia in 1903. 巴拿马共和国于1903年脱离哥伦比亚。
• One of the states has seceded from the federation. 有一个州已从联邦中退出。 来自辞典例句

28 disdain   

n.鄙视，轻视；v.轻视，鄙视，不屑

参考例句：

• Some people disdain labour.有些人轻视劳动。
• A great man should disdain flatterers.伟大的人物应鄙视献媚者。

29 albeit   

conj.即使；纵使；虽然

参考例句：

• Albeit fictional,she seemed to have resolved the problem.虽然是虚构的，但是在她看来好象是解决了问题。
• Albeit he has failed twice,he is not discouraged.虽然失败了两次，但他并没有气馁。

30 bullying   

v.恐吓，威逼( bully的现在分词 )；豪；跋扈

参考例句：

• Many cases of bullying go unreported . 很多恐吓案件都没有人告发。
• All cases of bullying will be severely dealt with. 所有以大欺小的情况都将受到严肃处理。 来自《简明英汉词典》

31 tamped   

v.捣固( tamp的过去式和过去分词 )；填充；（用炮泥）封炮眼口；夯实

参考例句：

• The poets, once so praised, are tamped unceremoniously together in our textbooks, in one curt chapter. 那些名噪一时的诗人，在今天的教科书里，已被毫不客气地挤在一起，列为短短的一章。 来自辞典例句
• They tamped down the earth around the apple tree. 他们把苹果树周围的泥土夯实。 来自互联网

32 anathema   

n.诅咒；被诅咒的人(物)，十分讨厌的人(物)

参考例句：

• Independence for the Kurds is anathema to Turkey and Iran.库尔德人的独立对土耳其和伊朗来说将是一场梦魇。
• Her views are ( an ) anathema to me.她的观点真叫我讨厌。

33 sacrosanct   

adj.神圣不可侵犯的

参考例句：

• In India,the cow is a sacrosanct animal.牛在印度是神圣的动物。
• Philip Glass is ignorant of establishing an immutable, sacrosanct urtext.菲利普·格拉斯不屑于创立不变的、神圣的原始文本。

34 elusive   

adj.难以表达(捉摸)的；令人困惑的；逃避的

参考例句：

• Try to catch the elusive charm of the original in translation.翻译时设法把握住原文中难以捉摸的风韵。
• Interpol have searched all the corners of the earth for the elusive hijackers.国际刑警组织已在世界各地搜查在逃的飞机劫持者。

35 pretext   

n.借口，托词

参考例句：

• He used his headache as a pretext for not going to school.他借口头疼而不去上学。
• He didn't attend that meeting under the pretext of sickness.他以生病为借口，没参加那个会议。

36 aggression   

n.进攻，侵略，侵犯，侵害

参考例句：

• So long as we are firmly united, we need fear no aggression.只要我们紧密地团结，就不必惧怕外来侵略。
• Her view is that aggression is part of human nature.她认为攻击性是人类本性的一部份。

37 dreads   

n.恐惧，畏惧( dread的名词复数 )；令人恐惧的事物v.害怕，恐惧，担心( dread的第三人称单数 )

参考例句：

• The little boy dreads going to bed in the dark. 这孩子不敢在黑暗中睡觉。 来自《简明英汉词典》
• A burnt child dreads the fire. [谚]烧伤过的孩子怕火（惊弓之鸟，格外胆小）。 来自《现代英汉综合大词典》

38 machinery   

n.(总称)机械，机器；机构

参考例句：

• Has the machinery been put up ready for the broadcast?广播器材安装完毕了吗？
• Machinery ought to be well maintained all the time.机器应该随时注意维护。

39 yelp   

vi.狗吠

参考例句：

• The dog gave a yelp of pain.狗疼得叫了一声。
• The puppy a yelp when John stepped on her tail.当约翰踩到小狗的尾巴，小狗发出尖叫。

40 withhold   

v.拒绝，不给；使停止，阻挡

参考例句：

• It was unscrupulous of their lawyer to withhold evidence.他们的律师隐瞒证据是不道德的。
• I couldn't withhold giving some loose to my indignation.我忍不住要发泄一点我的愤怒。

41 embargo   

n.禁运（令）；vt.对...实行禁运，禁止（通商）

参考例句：

• This country put an oil embargo on an enemy country.该国对敌国实行石油禁运。
• During the war,they laid an embargo on commerce with enemy countries.在战争期间，他们禁止与敌国通商。

42 dependence   

n.依靠，依赖；信任，信赖；隶属

参考例句：

• Doctors keep trying to break her dependence of the drug.医生们尽力使她戒除毒瘾。
• He was freed from financial dependence on his parents.他在经济上摆脱了对父母的依赖。

43 condemn   

vt.谴责，指责；宣判(罪犯)，判刑

参考例句：

• Some praise him,whereas others condemn him.有些人赞扬他，而有些人谴责他。
• We mustn't condemn him on mere suppositions.我们不可全凭臆测来指责他。

44 acquiescing   

v.默认，默许( acquiesce的现在分词 )

参考例句：

• Japan were acquiescing in being strangled. 日本默然同意别人把它捏死。 来自辞典例句
• Smith urged Ariza to retract his trade request and be patient several times before finally acquiescing. 在阿里扎提出要被交易时，在答应之前，他曾经数次要求对方多加考虑。 来自互联网

45 annexation   

n.吞并，合并

参考例句：

• He mentioned the Japanese annexation of Korea in 1910 .他提及1910年日本对朝鲜的吞并。
• I regard the question of annexation as belonging exclusively to the United States and Texas.我认为合并的问题，完全属于德克萨斯和美国之间的事。

46 bent   

n.爱好，癖好；adj.弯的；决心的，一心的

参考例句：

• He was fully bent upon the project.他一心扑在这项计划上。
• We bent over backward to help them.我们尽了最大努力帮助他们。