2022年经济学人 奈飞股价暴跌--金融大鳄套现出逃

The world this week--Business

本周国际要闻--商业

Having built a stake in Twitter, then being offered and rejecting a seat on its board, Elon Musk¹ proposed taking the company private with a $43bn bid.

埃隆·马斯克在购入推特股份后，收到了加入该公司董事会的邀请，但他拒绝了该席位，提出以430亿美元的价格将该公司私有化。

In response Twitter adopted a poison pill that in effect discourages anyone from accumulating more than 15% of its shares (Mr Musk holds 9.2%).

推特作为回应，采取了一项毒丸策略，该策略实际上阻止任何人积累超过15%的股份(马斯克持有9.2%的股权)。

Many wonder if all this is just more mischief-making by Mr Musk, who has clashed with Twitter over free speech, though he is trying to get other backers on board.

许多人想知道，这一切是否只是马斯克的恶作剧，尽管他正在努力争取其他支持者的支持，但他在言论自由问题上与推特发生了冲突。

Meanwhile, Tesla reported a record quarterly net profit of $3.3bn as sales soared.

与此同时，随着销量飙升，特斯拉公布了创纪录的33亿美元季度净利润。

The electric-car maker² has largely weathered the supply-chain crunch³ that has hampered⁴ production in the industry, despite the shutdown of its factory in Shanghai amid a covid outbreak.

这家电动汽车制造商基本上度过了阻碍该行业生产的供应链危机，尽管该公司在上海的工厂因新冠肺炎疫情关闭了。

Mr Musk, Tesla’s boss, said he would make 1.5m vehicles this year, up by 60% from last year, despite the bottlenecks⁵.

特斯拉的老板马斯克表示，尽管存在瓶颈，他今年将生产150万辆汽车，比去年增长60%。

A regulatory filing revealed that Amazon will conduct a racial audit⁶ of its employees’ pay and conditions.

一份监管文件显示，亚马逊将对其员工的薪酬和工作条件进行种族审计。

It will be led by Loretta Lynch, a former attorney-general under Barack Obama.

审计工作将由奥巴马政府的前司法部长洛蕾塔·林奇领导。

It follows demands from activist⁷ shareholders⁸ that big firms do more to avoid policies that have disparate effects on different groups.

这顺应了激进股东的要求，即大公司应采取更多措施避免对不同群体产生不同影响的政策。

Japan’s finance minister said that the yen⁹’s dramatic weakening against the dollar was “undesirable”, and making imports more expensive.

日本财务大臣表示，日元对美元的大幅贬值是“不可取的”，这将使进口产品更加昂贵。

The Japanese currency has fallen by 10% against the greenback this year to a 20-year low.

今年以来，日元兑美元汇率已经下跌了10%，跌至20年来的最低点。

Pressure on the yen is being caused by the increasing contrast between the monetary¹⁰ policies of Japan and the rest of the rich world.

日本和其他富裕国家货币政策的反差越来越大，这给日元带来了压力。

While the Federal Reserve and other central banks have raised interest rates, the Bank of Japan has remained committed to keeping them low, and to buying an unlimited¹¹ quantity of government debt.

虽然美联储和其他央行已经提高了利率，但日本央行仍承诺将利率保持在低位，并将无限量购买政府债券。

The war in Ukraine will contribute to a slowdown in global growth, according to the IMF, which now expects the world economy to expand by 3.6% this year, almost a percentage point below its previous forecast in January.

根据国际货币基金组织的说法，乌克兰战争将会导致全球经济增长放缓，国际货币基金组织目前预计今年世界经济将增长3.6%，几乎比一月份的预测低了一个百分点。

GDP growth in the euro area was revised down to 2.8% (from 3.9%) because of its reliance on now partially¹² embargoed¹³ Russian oil and supply-chain disruptions.

欧元区的GDP增长率从3.9%修正至2.8%，因为该地区经济依赖现在部分被禁运的俄罗斯石油，受到供应链中断的影响。

Netflix shook investors¹⁵ by reporting its first drop in subscribers for more than a decade.

奈飞报告称，其订阅用户数量10多年来首次下降，令投资者感到震惊。

The media-streaming service lost 200,000 users over the first three months of the year, and expects another 2m will leave in the current quarter, almost 1% of its customer base.

今年前三个月，这家流媒体服务公司失去了20万用户，预计本季度还会有200万用户离开，几乎占其客户群的1%。

It blamed some of that on the 100m households that share their passwords with freeloaders, but competition from Disney+ and a rise in living costs also play a part.

该公司将部分原因归咎于有1亿户家庭将密码分享给了“免费用户”，但来自迪士尼+的竞争和生活成本的上升也起到了一定作用。

In Britain a record number of households are cancelling streaming services, a survey found.

一项调查发现，英国取消流媒体服务的家庭数量创下纪录。

Netflix’s share price tumbled.

奈飞的股价暴跌。

Bill Ackman, a big investor¹⁴, cashed out at a loss.

大投资者比尔·阿克曼亏本套现。

1 musk   

n.麝香, 能发出麝香的各种各样的植物，香猫

参考例句：

• Musk is used for perfume and stimulant.麝香可以用作香料和兴奋剂。
• She scented her clothes with musk.她用麝香使衣服充满了香味。

2 maker   

n.制造者，制造商

参考例句：

• He is a trouble maker，You must be distant with him.他是个捣蛋鬼，你不要跟他在一起。
• A cabinet maker must be a master craftsman.家具木工必须是技艺高超的手艺人。

3 crunch   

n.关键时刻；艰难局面；v.发出碎裂声

参考例句：

• If it comes to the crunch they'll support us.关键时刻他们是会支持我们的。
• People who crunch nuts at the movies can be very annoying.看电影时嘎吱作声地嚼干果的人会使人十分讨厌。

4 hampered   

妨碍，束缚，限制( hamper的过去式和过去分词 )

参考例句：

• The search was hampered by appalling weather conditions. 恶劣的天气妨碍了搜寻工作。
• So thought every harassed, hampered, respectable boy in St. Petersburg. 圣彼德堡镇的那些受折磨、受拘束的体面孩子们个个都是这么想的。

5 bottlenecks   

n.瓶颈( bottleneck的名词复数 )；瓶颈路段（常引起交通堵塞）；（尤指工商业发展的）瓶颈；阻碍

参考例句：

• Roadworks are causing bottlenecks in the city centre. 道路施工导致市中心交通阻塞。 来自《简明英汉词典》
• At five o'clock in the afternoon the city streets are a series of bottlenecks. 下午五点市中心的街道就成了拥挤不堪的窄路。 来自《现代英汉综合大词典》

6 audit   

v.审计；查帐；核对；旁听

参考例句：

• Each year they audit our accounts and certify them as being true and fair.他们每年对我们进行账务审核，以确保其真实无误。
• As usual,the yearly audit will take place in December.跟往常一样，年度审计将在十二月份进行。

7 activist   

n.活动分子，积极分子

参考例句：

• He's been a trade union activist for many years.多年来他一直是工会的积极分子。
• He is a social activist in our factory.他是我厂的社会活动积极分子。

8 shareholders   

n.股东( shareholder的名词复数 )

参考例句：

• The meeting was attended by 90% of shareholders. 90%的股东出席了会议。
• the company's fiduciary duty to its shareholders 公司对股东负有的受托责任

9 yen   

n. 日元；热望

参考例句：

• He wanted to convert his dollars into Japanese yen.他想将美元换成日币。
• He has a yen to be alone in a boat.他渴望独自呆在一条船上。

10 monetary   

adj.货币的，钱的；通货的；金融的；财政的

参考例句：

• The monetary system of some countries used to be based on gold.过去有些国家的货币制度是金本位制的。
• Education in the wilderness is not a matter of monetary means.荒凉地区的教育不是钱财问题。

11 unlimited   

adj.无限的，不受控制的，无条件的

参考例句：

• They flew over the unlimited reaches of the Arctic.他们飞过了茫茫无边的北极上空。
• There is no safety in unlimited technological hubris.在技术方面自以为是会很危险。

12 partially   

adv.部分地，从某些方面讲

参考例句：

• The door was partially concealed by the drapes.门有一部分被门帘遮住了。
• The police managed to restore calm and the curfew was partially lifted.警方设法恢复了平静，宵禁部分解除。

13 embargoed   

禁止贸易，禁运( embargo的过去式和过去分词 )

参考例句：

• They embargoed oil shipments to the US. 他们对美国实施石油禁运。
• They embargoed those ships. 他们禁止那些船只出入港口。

14 investor   

n.投资者，投资人

参考例句：

• My nephew is a cautious investor.我侄子是个小心谨慎的投资者。
• The investor believes that his investment will pay off handsomely soon.这个投资者相信他的投资不久会有相当大的收益。

15 investors   

n.投资者，出资者( investor的名词复数 )

参考例句：

• a con man who bilked investors out of millions of dollars 诈取投资者几百万元的骗子
• a cash bonanza for investors 投资者的赚钱机会