2022年经济学人 韩国新总统非常不受欢迎

Asia

亚洲版块

South Korean politics

韩国政治

Dangerous waters

危险的水域

The incoming president has already unpopular

这位即将上任的总统已经不受欢迎

For once, the braised shark fin¹ is not the most controversial thing about Yeong Bin² Gwan.

这一次，红烧鱼翅并不是迎宾馆最有争议的事情。

The grand banquet hall in Seoul, famed for the dubious³ delicacy⁴, is where Yoon Suk-yeol, South Korea's incoming president, will have his inauguration⁵ on May 10th.

5月10日，即将上任的韩国总统尹锡悦将在首尔的以奇怪美味著称的盛大宴会厅举行就职典礼。

The opposition⁶ Minjoo party complained that the event's 3.3bn-won ($2.6m) budget makes it the most expensive inauguration ever.

反对党共同民主党抱怨称，此次活动33亿韩元(合260万美元)的预算使其成为有史以来最昂贵的就职典礼。

Mr Yoon's people explained that the venue⁷ adds only a meagre 500,000 won to the bill.

尹先生的工作人员解释说，会场只给账单增加了微不足道的50万韩元。

Still, a Minjoo spokesman said it was tantamount to declaring South Korea a country where "the president comes first".

不过，共同民主党的一位发言人表示，这相当于宣布韩国是一个“总统至上”的国家。

Petty point-scoring is not new to South Korean politics.

在韩国政治中，小打小闹并不是什么新鲜事。

High office attracts forensic⁸ scrutiny⁹.

高级职位吸引了法医的密切关注。

It will soon become routine for Mr Yoon.

这将很快成为尹锡悦的日常行程。

Shark fin or not, he will have a lot on his plate after inauguration day.

不管有没有鱼翅，在就职典礼之后，他都会有很多事情要做。

He must tackle many problems, including astronomical¹⁰ housing costs and the frustrations¹¹ of young people who are well-educated but underemployed.

他必须解决许多问题，包括天文数字般的住房成本和受过良好教育但未充分就业的年轻人的挫败感。

Mr Yoon has also promised structural¹² reforms in several areas, including welfare, corporate¹³ regulation and criminal justice.

尹锡悦还承诺在多个领域进行结构性改革，包括福利、企业监管和刑事司法。

Even the executive branch is to be transformed: it will become an institution, his office has said, that "has autonomy, communicates and takes responsibility".

就连行政部门也将进行改革：他的办公室曾表示，它将成为一个“拥有自主权、沟通和承担责任”的机构。

And that is just at home.

而这仅仅是国内的问题。

Mr Yoon must also deal with a dangerous world.

尹锡悦还必须应对一个危险的世界。

He hopes to draw closer to America, but also wants to avoid antagonising China, his country's largest trading partner.

他希望拉近与美国的距离，但也希望避免激怒最大的贸易伙伴中国。

He has promised a harder line on North Korea, which has been increasingly bellicose¹⁴ in recent months, launching yet another missile on May 4th, just days before the inauguration.

他承诺对朝鲜采取更强硬的立场，朝鲜最近几个月越来越好战，在就职典礼前几天的5月4日又发射了一枚导弹。

Such Herculean ambitions would be challenging for the most experienced and popular of leaders.

对于最有经验和最受欢迎的领导人来说，这样的巨大困难也会是一个挑战。

Mr Yoon is neither.

而尹锡悦两者都不是。

In 2016 his role in the impeachment¹⁵ of Park Geun-hye, a disgraced former president, on corruption¹⁶ charges earned him a promotion¹⁷ to chief prosecutor¹⁸ under Moon Jae-in, her successor.

2016年，他在因腐败指控弹劾名誉扫地的前总统朴槿惠一案中的角色，使他在继任者文在寅的领导下晋升为首席检察官。

In that job Mr Yoon zealously¹⁹ pursued figures in Mr Moon's government, bolstering²⁰ his own anti-corruption credentials²¹.

在担任这一职务期间，尹锡悦热衷于追随文在寅政府中的人物，增强了自己的反腐资历。

But he entered politics only when he announced his candidacy for president in June last year.

但直到去年6月宣布参选总统时，他才进入政坛。

Mr Yoon has promised a "fair administration that does not allow privileges or foul²² play".

尹锡悦承诺要建立一个“公平的政府，不允许特权或违规行为”。

The public is sceptical about this claim, given the various allegations that tainted²³ him and his family during the unedifying campaign, not to mention those flung at his opponent.

公众对这一说法持怀疑态度，因为在这场不光彩的竞选活动中，他和他的家人受到了各种各样的指控，更不用说那些针对他的对手的指控了。

Despite his frequent claims to embody²⁴ the will of the people, he won the election on March 9th with a margin²⁵ of only 0.7%, the narrowest in the history of modern Korean democracy.

尽管他经常声称自己代表了人民的意愿，但他在3月9日的选举中仅以0.7%的优势获胜，这是现代韩国民主历史上选票差距最小的一次。

He enters office with the highest disapproval²⁶ rating of any new president.

在历任新总统中，他是最不受欢迎的。

As if his historic unpopularity and long to-do list did not pose enough of a challenge, Mr Yoon also faces a third impediment: his party does not have a majority in the National Assembly.

如果他历史上的不受欢迎和长长的待办事项清单还不足以构成挑战的话，他还面临着第三个障碍：他的政党在国民议会中的席位不占多数。

Barring a mass defection, the Minjoo party, which holds 168 of 300 seats, will control the legislature at least until elections in 2024.

除非发生大规模叛逃，共同民主党(拥有300个席位中的168个)将控制立法机构，至少到2024年选举。

It can block Mr Yoon's bills and try to force through its own.

它可以阻止尹锡悦的法案，并试图强行通过自己的法案。

But the presidential veto is a trump²⁷ car -- the opposition lacks the numbers to overturn it.

但总统的否决权是一张王牌——反对派缺乏足够的票数来推翻它。

The most likely result will be paralysis²⁸.

最有可能的结果将是瘫痪。

Mr Yoon has said he hopes his administration will be able to "overcome the division of ideologies²⁹".

尹锡悦曾表示，他希望他的政府能够“克服意识形态的分歧”。

But he will be encircled by sharks.

但他会被“鲨鱼”包围。

1 fin   

n.鳍；(飞机的)安定翼

参考例句：

• They swim using a small fin on their back.它们用背上的小鳍游动。
• The aircraft has a long tail fin.那架飞机有一个长长的尾翼。

2 bin   

n.箱柜；vt.放入箱内；[计算机] DOS文件名:二进制目标文件

参考例句：

• He emptied several bags of rice into a bin.他把几袋米倒进大箱里。
• He threw the empty bottles in the bin.他把空瓶子扔进垃圾箱。

3 dubious   

adj.怀疑的，无把握的；有问题的，靠不住的

参考例句：

• What he said yesterday was dubious.他昨天说的话很含糊。
• He uses some dubious shifts to get money.他用一些可疑的手段去赚钱。

4 delicacy   

n.精致，细微，微妙，精良；美味，佳肴

参考例句：

• We admired the delicacy of the craftsmanship.我们佩服工艺师精巧的手艺。
• He sensed the delicacy of the situation.他感觉到了形势的微妙。

5 inauguration   

n.开幕、就职典礼

参考例句：

• The inauguration of a President of the United States takes place on January 20.美国总统的就职典礼于一月二十日举行。
• Three celebrated tenors sang at the president's inauguration.3位著名的男高音歌手在总统就职仪式上演唱。

6 opposition   

n.反对，敌对

参考例句：

• The party leader is facing opposition in his own backyard.该党领袖在自己的党內遇到了反对。
• The police tried to break down the prisoner's opposition.警察设法制住了那个囚犯的反抗。

7 venue   

n.犯罪地点，审判地，管辖地，发生地点，集合地点

参考例句：

• The hall provided a venue for weddings and other functions.大厅给婚礼和其他社会活动提供了场所。
• The chosen venue caused great controversy among the people.人们就审判地点的问题产生了极大的争议。

8 forensic   

adj.法庭的，雄辩的

参考例句：

• The report included his interpretation of the forensic evidence.该报告包括他对法庭证据的诠释。
• The judge concluded the proceeding on 10:30 Am after one hour of forensic debate.经过近一个小时的法庭辩论后，法官于10时30分宣布休庭。

9 scrutiny   

n.详细检查，仔细观察

参考例句：

• His work looks all right,but it will not bear scrutiny.他的工作似乎很好，但是经不起仔细检查。
• Few wives in their forties can weather such a scrutiny.很少年过四十的妻子经得起这么仔细的观察。

10 astronomical   

adj.天文学的，（数字）极大的

参考例句：

• He was an expert on ancient Chinese astronomical literature.他是研究中国古代天文学文献的专家。
• Houses in the village are selling for astronomical prices.乡村的房价正在飙升。

11 frustrations   

挫折( frustration的名词复数 )； 失败； 挫败； 失意

参考例句：

• The temptation would grow to take out our frustrations on Saigon. 由于我们遭到挫折而要同西贡算帐的引诱力会增加。
• Aspirations will be raised, but so will frustrations. 人们会产生种种憧憬，但是种种挫折也会随之而来。

12 structural   

adj.构造的，组织的，建筑（用）的

参考例句：

• The storm caused no structural damage.风暴没有造成建筑结构方面的破坏。
• The North American continent is made up of three great structural entities.北美大陆是由三个构造单元组成的。

13 corporate   

adj.共同的，全体的；公司的，企业的

参考例句：

• This is our corporate responsibility.这是我们共同的责任。
• His corporate's life will be as short as a rabbit's tail.他的公司的寿命是兔子尾巴长不了。

14 bellicose   

adj.好战的；好争吵的

参考例句：

• He expressed alarm about the government's increasingly bellicose statements.他对政府越来越具挑衅性的声明表示担忧。
• Some irresponsible politicians made a bellicose remarks.一些不负责任的政客说出一些好战的话语。

15 impeachment   

n.弹劾；控告；怀疑

参考例句：

• Impeachment is considered a drastic measure in the United States.在美国，弹劾被视为一种非常激烈的措施。
• The verdict resulting from his impeachment destroyed his political career.他遭弹劾后得到的判决毁了他的政治生涯。

16 corruption   

n.腐败，堕落，贪污

参考例句：

• The people asked the government to hit out against corruption and theft.人民要求政府严惩贪污盗窃。
• The old man reviled against corruption.那老人痛斥了贪污舞弊。

17 promotion   

n.提升，晋级；促销，宣传

参考例句：

• The teacher conferred with the principal about Dick's promotion.教师与校长商谈了迪克的升级问题。
• The clerk was given a promotion and an increase in salary.那个职员升了级，加了薪。

18 prosecutor   

n.起诉人；检察官，公诉人

参考例句：

• The defender argued down the prosecutor at the court.辩护人在法庭上驳倒了起诉人。
• The prosecutor would tear your testimony to pieces.检查官会把你的证言驳得体无完肤。

19 zealously   

adv.热心地；热情地；积极地；狂热地

参考例句：

• Of course the more unpleasant a duty was, the more zealously Miss Glover performed it. 格洛弗小姐越是对她的职责不满意，她越是去积极执行它。 来自辞典例句
• A lawyer should represent a client zealously within the bounds of the law. 律师应在法律范围内热忱为当事人代理。 来自口语例句

20 bolstering   

v.支持( bolster的现在分词 )；支撑；给予必要的支持；援助

参考例句：

• Why should Donahue's people concern themselves with bolstering your image? 唐纳休的人为什么要费心维护你的形象？ 来自辞典例句
• He needed bolstering and support. 他需要别人助他一臂之力。 来自辞典例句

21 credentials   

n.证明，资格，证明书，证件

参考例句：

• He has long credentials of diplomatic service.他的外交工作资历很深。
• Both candidates for the job have excellent credentials.此项工作的两个求职者都非常符合资格。

22 foul   

adj.污秽的；邪恶的；v.弄脏；妨害；犯规；n.犯规

参考例句：

• Take off those foul clothes and let me wash them.脱下那些脏衣服让我洗一洗。
• What a foul day it is!多么恶劣的天气！

23 tainted   

adj.腐坏的；污染的；沾污的；感染的v.使变质( taint的过去式和过去分词 )；使污染；败坏；被污染，腐坏，败坏

参考例句：

• The administration was tainted with scandal. 丑闻使得政府声名狼藉。
• He was considered tainted by association with the corrupt regime. 他因与腐败政府有牵连而名誉受损。 来自《简明英汉词典》

24 embody   

vt.具体表达，使具体化；包含，收录

参考例句：

• The latest locomotives embody many new features. 这些最新的机车具有许多新的特色。
• Hemingway's characters plainly embody his own values and view of life.海明威笔下的角色明确反映出他自己的价值观与人生观。

25 margin   

n.页边空白；差额；余地，余裕；边，边缘

参考例句：

• We allowed a margin of 20 minutes in catching the train.我们有20分钟的余地赶火车。
• The village is situated at the margin of a forest.村子位于森林的边缘。

26 disapproval   

n.反对，不赞成

参考例句：

• The teacher made an outward show of disapproval.老师表面上表示不同意。
• They shouted their disapproval.他们喊叫表示反对。

27 trump   

n.王牌，法宝；v.打出王牌，吹喇叭

参考例句：

• He was never able to trump up the courage to have a showdown.他始终鼓不起勇气摊牌。
• The coach saved his star player for a trump card.教练保留他的明星选手，作为他的王牌。

28 paralysis   

n.麻痹(症)；瘫痪(症)

参考例句：

• The paralysis affects his right leg and he can only walk with difficulty.他右腿瘫痪步履维艰。
• The paralysis affects his right leg and he can only walk with difficulty.他右腿瘫痪步履维艰。

29 ideologies   

n.思想（体系）( ideology的名词复数 )；思想意识；意识形态；观念形态

参考例句：

• There is no fundamental diversity between the two ideologies. 这两种思想意识之间并没有根本的分歧。 来自《简明英汉词典》
• Radical ideologies require to contrast to their own goodness the wickedness of some other system. 凡是过激的意识形态，都需要有另外一个丑恶的制度作对比，才能衬托出自己的善良。 来自辞典例句