2022年经济学人 欧元区11月份的年通货膨胀率降至10%

The world this week--Business

本周国际要闻--商业

Annual inflation in the euro zone fell in November, to 10%.

欧元区11月份的年通货膨胀率降至10%。

Energy prices also eased a little, as Europe’s mild autumn suppressed the demand for heating, dampening the wholesale¹ market for natural gas.

能源价格也略有回落，因为欧洲温暖的秋季压制了取暖需求，抑制了天然气大规模销售市场。

Those prices have started to rise again, as colder weather settles in.

随着天气逐渐变冷，这些价格又开始上涨。

The average inflation figure masked regional variations.

平均通货膨胀数字掩盖了地区差异。

Inflation in Estonia, Latvia and Lithuania is above 21%.

爱沙尼亚、拉脱维亚和立陶宛的通货膨胀率都在21%以上。

In Germany it is 11.3%, though that is also down on October. In Finland inflation jumped, to 9%.

德国通货膨胀率为11.3%，尽管与10月份相比通胀有所下降。芬兰的通货膨胀率跃升至9%。

The bigger-than-expected fall in inflation sparked speculation² about the European Central Bank’s next move on interest rates.

通胀下降幅度超出预期，引发了人们对欧洲央行下一步利率举措的猜测。

Before the latest data came out, Christine Lagarde, the ECB’s president, said that the bank “is not done” raising rates.

在最新数据公布之前，欧洲央行行长克里斯蒂娜·拉加德表示，央行加息“还没有结束”。

In America Jerome Powell, chairman of the Federal Reserve, gave a hawkish³ speech on the fight against inflation, but also suggested that the central bank will moderate the pace of rate increases when it next meets, on December 14th. Stockmarkets soared.

在美国，美联储主席杰罗姆·鲍威尔就对抗通货膨胀发表了强硬的讲话，但同时也暗示美国央行将在12月14日的下次会议上放缓加息步伐。此后，股市上涨。

JD.com is reportedly slashing⁴ the salaries of 2,000 executives as it pivots⁵ to a period of slower growth.

在京东转向增长放缓之际，据报道，该公司将削减2000名高管的薪酬。

The Chinese e-commerce giant wants to improve conditions for its lowest-paid workers.

这家中国电商巨头希望改善其最低收入工人的工作条件。

Rolls-Royce carried out the world’s first ground test of an aircraft engine that has been converted to run on green hydrogen created by wind and tidal power.

劳斯莱斯进行了世界上首次飞机发动机的地面测试，该发动机已被转换为由风能和潮汐能产生的绿色氢气运行。

Hydrogen-powered planes can help the aviation industry cut its emissions⁶, although passenger-carrying jets are still years away from entering service.

氢动力飞机有助于航空业减少排放，尽管客运飞机投入使用仍需数年时间。

Airbus, which has been aiming to introduce a hydrogen plane by 2035, warned this week that a lack of green hydrogen and associated infrastructure⁷ could delay its project.

空客公司的目标是在2035年之前推出一款氢动力飞机。该公司本周发出警告，称缺乏绿色氢燃料和相关基础设施可能会推迟该项目。

EasyJet published results, and said that the summer months had been a “record bounce back” from the covid era.

易捷航空公布了业绩，并表示夏季月份的增长是由于新冠疫情时期“创纪录的反弹”导致的。

The European airline reported that bookings for holidays over this winter were back to normal, and predicted that it will increase seat capacity from April to September next year.

这家欧洲航空公司报告称，今年冬季假期的预订量已恢复正常，并预计明年4月至9月将增加客座量。

The collapse⁸ of FTX continued to reverberate⁹ around the world of cryptocurrency.

FTX的倒下继续在加密货币业界产生反响。

BlockFi, a platform offering a range of crypto services, filed for bankruptcy¹⁰ protection citing its “significant exposure” to FTX through reciprocal loans and credit agreements.

提供系列加密货币服务的平台BlockFi申请了破产保护，该平台称其通过互惠贷款和信贷协议大量接触FTX公司。

Genesis, a cryptocurrency brokerage, was reportedly trying to avoid bankruptcy.

据报道，加密货币经纪公司Genesis正试图避免破产。

1 wholesale   

n.批发；adv.以批发方式；vt.批发，成批出售

参考例句：

• The retail dealer buys at wholesale and sells at retail.零售商批发购进货物，以零售价卖出。
• Such shoes usually wholesale for much less.这种鞋批发出售通常要便宜得多。

2 speculation   

n.思索，沉思；猜测；投机

参考例句：

• Her mind is occupied with speculation.她的头脑忙于思考。
• There is widespread speculation that he is going to resign.人们普遍推测他要辞职。

3 hawkish   

adj. 鹰派的, 强硬派的

参考例句：

• My staff's advice that first day was amazingly hawkish. 在第一天，我的僚属们的意见是令人吃惊的鹰派意见。
• Antiwar groups fear Barack Obama may create hawkish Cabinet. 反战团体担心巴拉克·奥巴马可以创建强硬派内阁。

4 slashing   

adj.尖锐的；苛刻的；鲜明的；乱砍的v.挥砍( slash的现在分词 )；鞭打；割破；削减

参考例句：

• Slashing is the first process in which liquid treatment is involved. 浆纱是液处理的第一过程。 来自辞典例句
• He stopped slashing his horse. 他住了手，不去鞭打他的马了。 来自辞典例句

5 pivots   

n.枢( pivot的名词复数 )；最重要的人（或事物）；中心；核心v.（似）在枢轴上转动( pivot的第三人称单数 )；把…放在枢轴上；以…为核心，围绕（主旨）展开

参考例句：

• The success of the project pivots on investment from abroad. 这个工程的成功主要依靠外来投资。 来自《简明英汉词典》
• The novel pivots around a long conversation between two characters. 这部小说是以两个人物的对话为中心展开的。 来自《简明英汉词典》

6 emissions   

排放物( emission的名词复数 )； 散发物（尤指气体）

参考例句：

• Most scientists accept that climate change is linked to carbon emissions. 大多数科学家都相信气候变化与排放的含碳气体有关。
• Dangerous emissions radiate from plutonium. 危险的辐射物从钚放散出来。

7 infrastructure   

n.下部构造，下部组织，基础结构，基础设施

参考例句：

• We should step up the development of infrastructure for research.加强科学基础设施建设。
• We should strengthen cultural infrastructure and boost various types of popular culture.加强文化基础设施建设，发展各类群众文化。

8 collapse   

vi.累倒；昏倒；倒塌；塌陷

参考例句：

• The country's economy is on the verge of collapse.国家的经济已到了崩溃的边缘。
• The engineer made a complete diagnosis of the bridge's collapse.工程师对桥的倒塌做了一次彻底的调查分析。

9 reverberate   

v.使回响，使反响

参考例句：

• The decision will reverberate and will jar the country.这项决定将引起反响并震撼这个国家。
• Echoes of cries of pain reverberate in my hear.痛苦呼喊的一遍遍的在我的心中回响。

10 bankruptcy   

n.破产；无偿付能力

参考例句：

• You will have to pull in if you want to escape bankruptcy.如果你想避免破产，就必须节省开支。
• His firm is just on thin ice of bankruptcy.他的商号正面临破产的危险。