纪录片《大英博物馆世界简史》 036耶路撒冷沃伦杯(4)

Looking at the scenes on the cup more closely, there's no doubt where these encounters are taking place. The musical instruments, the furniture, the clothes and the hairstyles of the lovers, all point to the past-and indeed to the Classical Greece of several centuries earlier. Interestingly, we can tell that the two adolescents shown here were not slaves. The style of their hair-cut, with a long lock of hair trailing down the neck, is typical of free-born Greek boys. Between 16 and 18, their hair would be cut and dedicated¹ to the gods as part of their passage into manhood. So both the boys that we see here are free, and from good families. But we can also see another figure, who might have been part of the Roman banquet at which the cup was used. He stands in the background, peeping at one of the scenes of love-making from behind a door-we only see half his face. He is clearly a slave, although it is impossible to know whether he is simply indulging in a bit of voyeurism², or apprehensively³ responding to a call for "room service". Either way he's a reminder⁴ that what he and we are witnessing are acts to be conducted only in private behind closed doors. Here's Bettany Hughes again:

两个场景发生的时代显而易见：乐器、家具、恋人的服装与头饰都是几世纪前希腊式的。有趣的是，我们能看出酒杯上两个较年轻的少年并非奴隶。他们的头发中有一长缕垂到了背部，这是典型的希腊自由民男孩的发型。在16至18岁之间，作为成年礼的一部分，这缕头发会被剪下来献给神。因此他们应该都是自由民，而且家境富裕。我们在画面上能看到的另一个角色也出现在我们之前所假想的罗马宴会上。他正躲在门后窥探不堪入目的场面，只露出半张脸。他很明显是个奴隶，但我们不知道他是在享受偷窥的乐趣还是应少年的召唤来为他们服务。无论如何，他的出现提醒我们，我们眼前的场景只会发生在紧闭的房门之内。 贝塔尼休斯评论道：

"In Rome there's a kind of notion that you have good wives, and that you should somehow manage without resorting to male sex, but we know, we know from the poetry, we know from the laws, we know from the kind of back references to homosexual relations, that actually this was something that did happen throughout the Roman world.

罗马人认为，如果你有个好妻子，就不该再与同性恋爱，但我们从诗歌、法律，以及对同性恋关系的反向引用上，都能看出同性恋是当时社会的常见情形。

1 dedicated   

adj.一心一意的；献身的；热诚的

参考例句：

• He dedicated his life to the cause of education.他献身于教育事业。
• His whole energies are dedicated to improve the design.他的全部精力都放在改进这项设计上了。

2 voyeurism   

n.窥阴癖者

参考例句：

• Portraiture merges here with voyeurism and surveillance. 肖像拍摄中夹杂着偷窥和监视。 来自互联网
• And while Wife Swap was pure voyeurism, Boss Swap hints at some real issues. 《换妻》纯粹反映了一种偷窥心理，而《互换老板》则影射了一些真实的问题。 来自互联网

3 apprehensively   

adv.担心地

参考例句：

• He glanced a trifle apprehensively towards the crowded ballroom. 他敏捷地朝挤满了人的舞厅瞟了一眼。 来自辞典例句
• Then it passed, leaving everything in a state of suspense, even the willow branches waiting apprehensively. 一阵这样的风过去，一切都不知怎好似的，连柳树都惊疑不定的等着点什么。 来自汉英文学 - 骆驼祥子

4 reminder   

n.提醒物，纪念品；暗示，提示

参考例句：

• I have had another reminder from the library.我又收到图书馆的催还单。
• It always took a final reminder to get her to pay her share of the rent.总是得发给她一份最后催缴通知，她才付应该交的房租。