纪录片《熟食造就了人类吗》 第41期：增强脑力

So we have cooking and we have small guts².

正是因为烹饪技术 人类才有了小肠道

This freed up energy for us to develop

这些多余的能量

what is arguably the most important organ in our body...

使我们身体最重要的一个器官 得以发展

the organ which, many would say, makes us human.

普遍认为 正是这一器官的发展造就了人类

Our brain.

那就是我们的大脑

The small gut¹ big brain theory was developed

小胃大脑理论是由

by paleoanthropologist Professor Peter Wheeler.

古人类学教授彼得·韦勒提出的

We think that the smaller digestive system

我们认为 正是食物的转变

in Homo erectus was able to evolve because of the shift in diet,

使直立人的消化系统得以进化

freed up energy which could be used to power a larger brain.

这些多余的能量可以增强我们的脑力

And this is what we see,

我们可以看到

the increase in brain size in Homo erectus

直立人肠胃变小的同时

mirroring the reduction in the size of its gut.

脑部也开始变大

And it certainly does take a lot of energy to power our brains.

要增强我们的脑力 肯定得消耗很多能量

Although only 2.5% of our body weight,

尽管大脑重量只占体重的2.5%

when we're sitting, our brain consumes 20% of our energy.

即使坐着不动 脑部也会消耗我们20%的能量

1 gut   

n.[pl.]胆量；内脏；adj.本能的；vt.取出内脏

参考例句：

• It is not always necessary to gut the fish prior to freezing.冷冻鱼之前并不总是需要先把内脏掏空。
• My immediate gut feeling was to refuse.我本能的直接反应是拒绝。

2 guts   

v.狼吞虎咽，贪婪地吃，飞碟游戏（比赛双方每组5人，相距15码，互相掷接飞碟）；毁坏（建筑物等）的内部( gut的第三人称单数 )；取出…的内脏n.勇气( gut的名词复数 )；内脏；消化道的下段；肠

参考例句：

• I'll only cook fish if the guts have been removed. 鱼若已收拾干净，我只需烧一下即可。
• Barbara hasn't got the guts to leave her mother. 巴巴拉没有勇气离开她妈妈。 来自《简明英汉词典》