林超伦实战口译练习笔记 第24期:政府战略的核心

 Speech to the International Fiscal¹ Association

中国经济介绍---国际财政协会演讲

by the Paymaster General, UK

英国主计长

Four years ago we set our central economic objective of high and stable levels of growth and employment. The two pillars of the Government's approach are delivering macroeconomic stability, to allow firms and individuals to invest for the future, and impletuenting microeconomic reforms to remove the barriers which prevent markets from functioning efficiently².

四年前我们设定了高稳定水平增长和就业的中心经济目标。政府的两个支柱方法是实现宏观经济稳定允许公司和个人为未来投资，和实行微观经济改革移除阻止市场有效运行的障碍。

In the last Parliament, we put in place reforms to achieve macroeconomic stability and to promote work. The UK has now achieved the highest employment of almost any OECD country and the lowest inflation in the EU.

上一次国会会议，我们落实了实现宏观经济稳定和促进工作的改革。英国已经实现了在任何经济合作与发展组织几乎最高的就业率，并且在欧盟中的通货膨胀率最低。

Building on this platform of stability and employment creation, we must now direct our energies to radical³ reform and modernization⁴ of product, labor⁵ and capital markets, so that the UK's productivity will rise faster than that of its industrial competitors as we close the productivity gap.

基于稳定和创造就业机会的平台，我们现在要把精力放在基础改革和产品现代化上，劳动力和资本市场上，这样英国在消除生产力差距时的生产力才会比工业竞争者增长的快。

On Monday, the Chancellor⁶ announced the next steps we will take to deliver this ambition. These include major reforms to the competition regime. This is at the heart of the Government's strategy. Vigorous competition between firms leads to increased innovation and greater efficiency—and in turn to increased productivity growth.

英国财政大臣周一时宣布了实现目标的后续计划，其中包括竞争体系的改革，这是政府战略的核心。公司间有力的竞争使得创新增加，效率提高---反过来也是生产力的增加。

So we are modernizing⁷ "complex monopoly" powers, providing a strong legal basis for competition authorities to promote competition across the economy, giving them full independence backed by additional resources and consulting on the introduction of criminal penalties for those involved in cartels.

所以我们正在实现“复杂的垄断”权利，为竞争监管当局提升经济竞争力提供了有力的法律基础，在介绍参与卡特尔的刑事惩罚方面，依靠额外的资源和咨询提供了全力的自由。

The Chancellor also announced a series of measures aimed at helping⁸ small and medium sized enterprises. We will cut the Capital Gains Tax rate on business assets, creating a regime for entrepreneurs that will be more favorable to enterprise than that of the US.

财政大臣还宣布了一系列旨在帮助中小企业的措施。我们会削减商业资产的资本增值税，创建一个比美国更好的企业家团体。

We are proposing the doubling of the assets limit for Enterprise Management Incentives⁹, so that more growing companies can attract the high-quality employees they need to realize their potential. We have also announced a new Small Business Birth strategy, including a commitment to extend the width of the 10 per cent corporate¹⁰ tax rate.

我们建议企业管理奖励的双倍资产限制，如此更多发展中企业就能吸引到更多高质量员工实现目标。我们还发布了新的小企业诞生策略，包括延伸10%企业税率范围的承诺。

SMEs are important because of their significant contribution to the UK economy. Unless this sector¹¹ delivers growth, the economy as a whole will be held back. However, this focus on small business does not mean that the Government has ignored the position of large business. Indeed, large successful enterprises are the bedrock of the world's leading economies.

中小企业对英国经济做出了巨大贡献。这一块如果不增长，整体经济就会被拖后腿。但是，关注小企业并不是说政府忽略了大企业的地位。事实上，大的成功的企业是世界零头经济的基石。

Globalization and the increase in internationally mobile capital have led to benefits from the growing integration¹² of national economic systems, including greater trade in goods and services, movements of labor, and movements of capital and the integration of the financial markets.

全球化和国际移动资产的增加为国家经济系统整合的增长带来了好处，包括商品和服务的大宗贸易，劳动力的转移，资本的转移和经济市场的整合。

Over the past decade gross capital flows have increased dramatically. The UK ranks second largest in the world in terms of inward and outward direct investment with multinational¹³ companies now playing an especially important role.

过去二十年间总资本流动量急剧增长，英国在世界上向内和向外直接投资中排名第二，很多跨国公司现在占据重要位置。

There are substantial benefits, in terms of higher investment growth efficiency gains and the transfer of innovations and best business practices across national boundaries. But it has to be recognized that these changes mean that problems which were formerly¹⁴ seen as domestic have become international ones. Business is mobile, particularly multinational business, and naturally wants to minimize costs, including tax. And tax policies in turn may be designed primarily to divert mobile capital. These are changes which give rise to concern that anti-competitive tot practices elsewhere may distort business decisions and prove counterproductive in the end, whilst underlining the need for tax competition between countries on terms which are "fair".

就高投资增长效益获得，国界间创新和最佳商业做法的转换而言，效益是持续性的，但必须承认这些改变意味着本来在国内的问题演变成国际问题了。企业是移动的，尤其是跨国企业想最小化成本，包括纳税，而税收政策将会主要为转移可移动资本设计。这些改变也引起了对不利于竞争的税务做法的关注，这会扭曲商业决策最终适得其反，因此要注重国家质检税收竞争条款中的“公平”二字。

1 fiscal   

adj.财政的，会计的，国库的，国库岁入的

参考例句：

• The increase of taxation is an important fiscal policy.增税是一项重要的财政政策。
• The government has two basic strategies of fiscal policy available.政府有两个可行的财政政策基本战略。

2 efficiently   

adv.高效率地，有能力地

参考例句：

• The worker oils the machine to operate it more efficiently.工人给机器上油以使机器运转更有效。
• Local authorities have to learn to allocate resources efficiently.地方政府必须学会有效地分配资源。

3 radical   

n.激进份子，原子团，根号；adj.根本的，激进的，彻底的

参考例句：

• The patient got a radical cure in the hospital.病人在医院得到了根治。
• She is radical in her demands.她的要求十分偏激。

4 modernization   

n.现代化，现代化的事物

参考例句：

• This will help us achieve modernization.这有助于我们实现现代化。
• The Chinese people are sure to realize the modernization of their country.中国人民必将实现国家现代化。

5 labor   

n.劳动，努力，工作，劳工；分娩；vi.劳动，努力，苦干；vt.详细分析；麻烦

参考例句：

• We are never late in satisfying him for his labor.我们从不延误付给他劳动报酬。
• He was completely spent after two weeks of hard labor.艰苦劳动两周后，他已经疲惫不堪了。

6 chancellor   

n.(英)大臣；法官；(德、奥)总理；大学校长

参考例句：

• They submitted their reports to the Chancellor yesterday.他们昨天向财政大臣递交了报告。
• He was regarded as the most successful Chancellor of modern times.他被认为是现代最成功的财政大臣。

7 modernizing   

使现代化，使适应现代需要( modernize的现在分词 )； 现代化，使用现代方法

参考例句：

• Modernizing a business to increase its profitability and competitiveness is a complicated affair. 使企业现代化，从而达到增加利润，增强竞争力的目的，是一件复杂的事情。
• The young engineer had a large share in modernizing the factory. 这位年轻工程师在工厂现代化的过程中尽了很大的“力”。

8 helping   

n.食物的一份&adj.帮助人的，辅助的

参考例句：

• The poor children regularly pony up for a second helping of my hamburger. 那些可怜的孩子们总是要求我把我的汉堡包再给他们一份。
• By doing this, they may at times be helping to restore competition. 这样一来, 他在某些时候,有助于竞争的加强。

9 incentives   

激励某人做某事的事物( incentive的名词复数 )； 刺激； 诱因； 动机

参考例句：

• tax incentives to encourage savings 鼓励储蓄的税收措施
• Furthermore, subsidies provide incentives only for investments in equipment. 更有甚者，提供津贴仅是为鼓励增添设备的投资。 来自英汉非文学 - 环境法 - 环境法

10 corporate   

adj.共同的，全体的；公司的，企业的

参考例句：

• This is our corporate responsibility.这是我们共同的责任。
• His corporate's life will be as short as a rabbit's tail.他的公司的寿命是兔子尾巴长不了。

11 sector   

n.部门，部分；防御地段，防区；扇形

参考例句：

• The export sector will aid the economic recovery. 出口产业将促进经济复苏。
• The enemy have attacked the British sector.敌人已进攻英国防区。

12 integration   

n.一体化，联合，结合

参考例句：

• We are working to bring about closer political integration in the EU.我们正在努力实现欧盟內部更加紧密的政治一体化。
• This was the greatest event in the annals of European integration.这是欧洲统一史上最重大的事件。

13 multinational   

adj.多国的，多种国籍的；n.多国籍公司，跨国公司

参考例句：

• The firm was taken over by a multinational consulting firm.这家公司被一个跨国咨询公司收购。
• He analyzed the relationship between multinational corporations and under-developed countries.他分析了跨国公司和不发达国家之间的关系。

14 formerly   

adv.从前，以前

参考例句：

• We now enjoy these comforts of which formerly we had only heard.我们现在享受到了过去只是听说过的那些舒适条件。
• This boat was formerly used on the rivers of China.这船从前航行在中国内河里。