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历年考研英语完型填空mp3(2004)

时间:2008-10-14 00:32来源:互联网 提供网友:流畅   字体: [ ]
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[00:00.00]在线英语听力室(www.tingroom.com)友情制作
[00:05.92]2004
[00:07.64]Many theories concerning the causes of juvenile1 delinquency
[00:11.28](crimes committed by young people)
[00:13.29]focus either on the individual or on society
[00:16.36]as the major contributing influence.
[00:19.00]Theories (1)centering on the individual suggest
[00:21.62]that children engage in criminal behavior
[00:24.44](2)because they were not sufficiently2 penalized
[00:26.56]for previous misdeeds or that they have learned
[00:29.92]criminal behavior through (3)interaction with others.
[00:33.24]Theories focusing on the role of society suggest
[00:35.39]that children commit crimes in (4)respons
[00:37.52]to their failure to rise above their socioeconomic status,
[00:41.40](5)or as a rejection3 of middle-class values.
[00:44.62]Most theories of juvenile delinquency
[00:47.15]have focused on children from disadvantaged families,
[00:50.59](6)ignoring the fact that children
[00:52.19]from wealthy homes also commit crimes.
[00:55.03]The latter may commit crimes
[00:56.79](7)for lack of adequate parental4 control.
[00:59.61]All theories, however, are tentative
[01:01.67]and are (8)subject to criticism.
[01:04.29]Changes in the social structure
[01:06.01]may indirectly5 (9)affect juvenile crime rates.
[01:08.43]For example, changes in the economy
[01:10.95]that (10)lead to fewer job opportunities for youth
[01:13.87]and rising unemployment (11)in general
[01:16.40]make gainful employment increasingly difficult to obtain.
[01:20.13]The resulting discontent may in (12)turn
[01:22.83]lead more youths into criminal behavior.
[01:25.14]在线英语听力室(
www.tingroom.com)友情制作
[01:25.85]Families have also (13)experienced changes these years.
[01:29.38]More families consist of one-parent households
[01:32.30]or two working parents;
[01:34.12](14)consequently, children are likely to
[01:36.23]have less supervision6 at home
[01:38.15](15)than was common in the traditional family (16)structure.
[01:41.17]This lack of parental supervision is thought to be
[01:44.06]an influence on juvenile crime rates.
[01:46.58]Other (17)identifiable causes of offensive acts
[01:49.71]include frustration7 or failure in school,
[01:52.75]the increased (18)availability of drugs and alcohol,
[01:56.07]and the growing (19)incidence of child abuse
[01:58.39]and child neglect.
[02:00.00]All these conditions tend to increase the probability
[02:02.92]of a child committing a criminal act,
[02:05.55](20)although a direct causal relationship
[02:07.97]has not yet been established.

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1 juvenile OkEy2     
n.青少年,少年读物;adj.青少年的,幼稚的
参考例句:
  • For a grown man he acted in a very juvenile manner.身为成年人,他的行为举止显得十分幼稚。
  • Juvenile crime is increasing at a terrifying rate.青少年犯罪正在以惊人的速度增长。
2 sufficiently 0htzMB     
adv.足够地,充分地
参考例句:
  • It turned out he had not insured the house sufficiently.原来他没有给房屋投足保险。
  • The new policy was sufficiently elastic to accommodate both views.新政策充分灵活地适用两种观点。
3 rejection FVpxp     
n.拒绝,被拒,抛弃,被弃
参考例句:
  • He decided not to approach her for fear of rejection.他因怕遭拒绝决定不再去找她。
  • The rejection plunged her into the dark depths of despair.遭到拒绝使她陷入了绝望的深渊。
4 parental FL2xv     
adj.父母的;父的;母的
参考例句:
  • He encourages parental involvement in the running of school.他鼓励学生家长参与学校的管理。
  • Children always revolt against parental disciplines.孩子们总是反抗父母的管束。
5 indirectly a8UxR     
adv.间接地,不直接了当地
参考例句:
  • I heard the news indirectly.这消息我是间接听来的。
  • They were approached indirectly through an intermediary.通过一位中间人,他们进行了间接接触。
6 supervision hr6wv     
n.监督,管理
参考例句:
  • The work was done under my supervision.这项工作是在我的监督之下完成的。
  • The old man's will was executed under the personal supervision of the lawyer.老人的遗嘱是在律师的亲自监督下执行的。
7 frustration 4hTxj     
n.挫折,失败,失效,落空
参考例句:
  • He had to fight back tears of frustration.他不得不强忍住失意的泪水。
  • He beat his hands on the steering wheel in frustration.他沮丧地用手打了几下方向盘。
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