历年考研英语阅读理解mp3(05-3)

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[00:05.65]2005 Text3
[00:08.06]Of all the components¹ of a good night's sleep,
[00:11.03]dreams seem to be least within our control.
[00:14.96]In dreams,
[00:15.77]a window opens into a world
[00:17.68]where logic² is suspended and dead people speak.
[00:21.50]A century ago,
[00:23.02]Freud formulated³ his revolutionary theory
[00:25.86]that dreams were the disguised shadows of
[00:28.69]our unconscious desires and fears;
[00:31.92]by the late 1970s,
[00:34.03]neurologists had switched to thinking of them
[00:36.76]as just "mental noise"
[00:39.09]--the random⁴ byproducts of the neuralrepair work
[00:42.32]that goes on during sleep.
[00:44.54]Now researchers suspect that dreams
[00:47.15]are part of the mind's emotional thermostat,
[00:50.28]regulating moods while the brain is "off-line."
[00:54.82]And one leading authority says
[00:57.01]that these intensely powerful mental events
[01:03.72]can be not only harnessed but actually brought
[01:03.44]under conscious control,
[01:05.35]to help us sleep and feel better.
[01:08.78]"It's your dream," says Rosalind Cartwright,
[01:11.92]chair of psychology⁵ at Chicago's Medical Center.
[01:15.54]"If you don't like it, change it."
[01:18.66]Evidence from brain imaging supports this view.
[01:22.19]The brain is as active during REM (rapid eye movement) sleep
[01:27.13]--when most vivid dreams occur
[01:29.04]--as it is when fully⁶ awake,
[01:31.06]says Dr.Eric Nofzinger at the University of Pittsburgh.
[01:35.60]But not all parts of the brain are equally involved;
[01:39.10]the limbic system (the "emotional brain") is especially active,
[01:44.15]while the prefrontal cortex (the center of intellect
[01:47.52]and reasoning) is relatively⁷ quiet.
[01:50.75]"We wake up from dreams happy or depressed,
[01:53.63]and those feelings can stay with us all day,"
[01:56.56]says Stanford sleep researcher Dr. William Dement.
[02:01.39]The link between dreams and emotions shows up
[02:04.64]among the patients in Cartwright's clinic.
[02:07.34]Most people seem to have more bad dreams early in the night,
[02:11.24]progressing toward happier ones before awakening,
[02:14.57]suggesting that they are working through
[02:16.89]negative feelings generated during the day.
[02:20.62]Because our conscious mind is occupied with daily life
[02:24.05]we don't always think about
[02:25.67]the emotional significance of the day's events
[02:28.49]--until, it appears, we begin to dream.
[02:32.80]And this process need not be left to the unconscious.
[02:37.23]Cartwright believes one can exercise conscious control
[02:40.87]over recurring⁹ bad dreams.
[02:43.99]As soon as you awaken⁸, identify
[02:46.22]what is upsetting about the dream.
[02:49.29]Visualize how you would like it to end instead;
[02:52.58]the next time it occurs,
[02:54.18]try to wake up just enough to control its course.
[02:58.22]With much practice people can learn to, literally,
[03:01.63]do it in their sleep.
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[03:04.29]At the end of the day,
[03:05.91]there's probably little reason to pay attention to
[03:08.52]our dreams at all
[03:09.92]unless they keep us from sleeping
[03:11.95]or "we wake up in a panic," Cartwright says.
[03:15.80]Terrorism, economic uncertainties¹⁰ and general feelings
[03:19.67]of insecurity have increased people's anxiety.
[03:23.79]Those suffering from persistent¹¹ nightmares
[03:26.62]should seek help from a therapist.
[03:29.04]For the rest of us, the brain has
[03:30.80]its ways of working through bad feelings.
[03:34.24]Sleep--or rather dream--on it
[03:37.47]and you'll feel better in the morning.

1 components   

（机器、设备等的）构成要素，零件，成分； 成分( component的名词复数 )； [物理化学]组分； [数学]分量； （混合物的）组成部分

参考例句：

• the components of a machine 机器部件
• Our chemistry teacher often reduces a compound to its components in lab. 在实验室中化学老师常把化合物分解为各种成分。

2 logic   

n.逻辑(学)；逻辑性

参考例句：

• What sort of logic is that?这是什么逻辑？
• I don't follow the logic of your argument.我不明白你的论点逻辑性何在。

3 formulated   

v.构想出( formulate的过去式和过去分词 )；规划；确切地阐述；用公式表示

参考例句：

• He claims that the writer never consciously formulated his own theoretical position. 他声称该作家从未有意识地阐明他自己的理论见解。 来自《简明英汉词典》
• This idea can be formulated in two different ways. 这个意思可以有两种说法。 来自《现代汉英综合大词典》

4 random   

adj.随机的；任意的；n.偶然的(或随便的)行动

参考例句：

• The list is arranged in a random order.名单排列不分先后。
• On random inspection the meat was found to be bad.经抽查，发现肉变质了。

5 psychology   

n.心理，心理学，心理状态

参考例句：

• She has a background in child psychology.她受过儿童心理学的教育。
• He studied philosophy and psychology at Cambridge.他在剑桥大学学习哲学和心理学。

6 fully   

adv.完全地，全部地，彻底地；充分地

参考例句：

• The doctor asked me to breathe in,then to breathe out fully.医生让我先吸气，然后全部呼出。
• They soon became fully integrated into the local community.他们很快就完全融入了当地人的圈子。

7 relatively   

adv.比较...地，相对地

参考例句：

• The rabbit is a relatively recent introduction in Australia.兔子是相对较新引入澳大利亚的物种。
• The operation was relatively painless.手术相对来说不痛。

8 awaken   

vi.醒，觉醒；vt.唤醒，使觉醒，唤起，激起

参考例句：

• Old people awaken early in the morning.老年人早晨醒得早。
• Please awaken me at six.请于六点叫醒我。

9 recurring   

adj.往复的，再次发生的

参考例句：

• This kind of problem is recurring often. 这类问题经常发生。
• For our own country, it has been a time for recurring trial. 就我们国家而言，它经过了一个反复考验的时期。

10 uncertainties   

无把握( uncertainty的名词复数 )； 不确定； 变化不定； 无把握、不确定的事物

参考例句：

• One of the uncertainties of military duty is that you never know when you might suddenly get posted away. 任军职不稳定的因素之一是你永远不知道什么时候会突然被派往它处。
• Uncertainties affecting peace and development are on the rise. 影响和平与发展的不确定因素在增加。 来自汉英非文学 - 十六大报告

11 persistent   

adj.坚持不懈的，执意的；持续的

参考例句：

• Albert had a persistent headache that lasted for three days.艾伯特连续头痛了三天。
• She felt embarrassed by his persistent attentions.他不时地向她大献殷勤，使她很难为情。