【美国精神】第94期

Explanation:   

    The government of the United States is a representative democracy, which means that citizens vote for people who then represent them in the government, making laws and decisions that reflect (or are the same as) what the citizens want. Congress, or the lawmaking part of government, is made up of representatives from each state who represent the citizens of their state when Congress votes. But not all U.S. citizens have representation in Congress. 

 

    U.S. citizens who live in the country’s capitol, Washington, DC, do not have a representative who can vote in Congress. That is because Washington, DC is not a state. The country’s founding fathers, or the people who were very important in creating the country, didn’t want the national capital to be in a state, because then, that state would have too much power. So instead, the capitol is between two states: Maryland and Virginia. Almost 600,000 people live in Washington, DC, and none of them have representation in Congress. 

 

    Until 1961, Washington, DC residents (or people who live in Washington, DC) weren’t able to vote in the presidential elections either, meaning that they had no influence over (or ability to change) who would become the next president. This changed with the Twenty-Third Amendment¹ (or official change) to the U.S. Constitution, which is the country’s most important legal document. So now DC residents can vote in the presidential elections. 

 

    Most DC residents think it is unfair (or not right) that they do not have representation in Congress. They believe that all U.S. citizens should have representation, and they have turned to U.S. history (or looked to U.S. history) to find support for their argument. When North America was still a British colony, or land that belonged to Great Britain, people argued that taxation² without representation, or having to pay money to the British government when they had no representation in it, was unfair.  

 

    Today DC residents use that same phrase, taxation without representation, to make the same argument. The phrase even appears (or is shown) on DC license³ plates, which are the flat, rectangular pieces of metal with letters and numbers on the front and back of cars and trucks, showing that the car is registered with the government. In the United States, each state has its own license plate. The one in DC says “taxation without representation” to remind people (or make them remember) that they think the situation is unfair. 

 

问题：

What is the capital of the United States?  

Answer:   

Washington, D.C. 

1 amendment   

n.改正，修正，改善，修正案

参考例句：

• The amendment was rejected by 207 voters to 143.这项修正案以207票对143票被否决。
• The Opposition has tabled an amendment to the bill.反对党已经就该议案提交了一项修正条款。

2 taxation   

n.征税，税收，税金

参考例句：

• He made a number of simplifications in the taxation system.他在税制上作了一些简化。
• The increase of taxation is an important fiscal policy.增税是一项重要的财政政策。

3 license   

n.执照，许可证，特许；v.许可，特许

参考例句：

• The foreign guest has a license on the person.这个外国客人随身携带执照。
• The driver was arrested for having false license plates on his car.司机由于使用假车牌而被捕。