美国学生历史 第177期:南部各州脱离联邦(1)

 Chapter 36 Secession,1860-1861 第36章 南部各州脱离联邦（1860~1861年）

369. The Republican Nomination¹, 1860. 369．共和党的提名（1860年）

Four names were especially mentioned in connection with the Republican nomination for President.These were Seward, Chase, Cameron, and Lincoln. 在共和党提名总统时有四个人的名字特别被提及，他们是塞沃德、齐斯、卡梅伦和林肯。

Seward was the best known of them all. 他们当中塞沃德最为出名，

In the debates on the Compromise of 1850 he had declared that there was "a higher law" than the Constitution, namely, "the law of nature in men's hearts." 在关于1850年《折中法案》的辩论中他曾经宣称存在比《宪法》更高的法律，即"人们心中的自然法"，

In another speech he had termed the slavery contest "the irrepressible conflict." 在另一次演讲中他曾经把关于奴隶制的争端叫做"抑制不住的冲突"。

These phrases endeared him to the anti-slavery men. 这些话语使得他为反奴隶制的人们所爱戴，

But they made it impossible for many moderate Republicans to follow him. 但是，这些言辞使得许多温和的共和党人不可能追随他。

Senator Chase of Ohio had also been very outspoken² in his condemnation³ of slavery. 参议员齐斯是俄亥俄人，他也丝毫不掩饰自己对奴隶制的谴责。

Senator Cameron of Pennsylvania was an able political leader. 参议员卡梅伦是宾夕法尼亚州人，他是一名非常能干的政治领袖。

But all of these men were "too conspicuous⁴ to make a good candidate." 但是，这些都"太显眼以至于不可能作为好的候选者"，

They had made many enemies. Lincoln had spoken freely. 他们有许多敌人，林肯直率地道出这一点，

But he had never been prominent in national politics. 但林肯在国家政治中从来没有什么杰出之处，

He was more likely to attract the votes of moderate men than either of the other candidates. 比起其他候选者林肯更能打动那些温和的选民。

After a fierce contest he was nominated. 经过一场激烈的竞争林肯获得提名。

The Republican platform stated that there was no intention to interfere⁵ with slavery in the states where it existed; 共和党的纲领中表明，共和党无意于干涉各州已经存在的奴隶制，

but it declared the party's opposition⁶ to the extension of slavery. 但这个党派反对奴隶制的扩张。

The platform favored internal improvements at the national expense. It also approved the protective system. 这个纲领支持通过国家开支来发展国内事务，它还赞同保护贸易制度。

1 nomination   

n.提名，任命，提名权

参考例句：

• John is favourite to get the nomination for club president.约翰最有希望被提名为俱乐部主席。
• Few people pronounced for his nomination.很少人表示赞成他的提名。

2 outspoken   

adj.直言无讳的，坦率的，坦白无隐的

参考例句：

• He was outspoken in his criticism.他在批评中直言不讳。
• She is an outspoken critic of the school system in this city.她是这座城市里学校制度的坦率的批评者。

3 condemnation   

n.谴责; 定罪

参考例句：

• There was widespread condemnation of the invasion. 那次侵略遭到了人们普遍的谴责。
• The jury's condemnation was a shock to the suspect. 陪审团宣告有罪使嫌疑犯大为震惊。

4 conspicuous   

adj.明眼的，惹人注目的；炫耀的，摆阔气的

参考例句：

• It is conspicuous that smoking is harmful to health.很明显，抽烟对健康有害。
• Its colouring makes it highly conspicuous.它的色彩使它非常惹人注目。

5 interfere   

v.(in)干涉，干预；(with)妨碍，打扰

参考例句：

• If we interfere, it may do more harm than good.如果我们干预的话，可能弊多利少。
• When others interfere in the affair,it always makes troubles. 别人一卷入这一事件，棘手的事情就来了。

6 opposition   

n.反对，敌对

参考例句：

• The party leader is facing opposition in his own backyard.该党领袖在自己的党內遇到了反对。
• The police tried to break down the prisoner's opposition.警察设法制住了那个囚犯的反抗。