美国学生人类历史第55期:古希腊人的生活(4)

 　　Within this courtyard the family lived when it did not rain or when it was not too cold. In one corner of the yard the cook (who was a slave) prepared the meal and in another corner, the teacher (who was also a slave) taught the children the alpha beta gamma and the tables of multiplication¹ and in still another corner the lady of the house, who rarely left her domain² (since it was not considered good form for a married woman to be seen on the street too often) was repairing her husband's coat with her seamstresses (who were slaves), and in the little office, right off the door, the master was inspecting the accounts which the overseer of his farm (who was a slave) had just brought to him.

　　如果不下雨或者天气不太冷，一家人就生活在庭院里。在院子的一角，有厨师（是奴隶）在烹调食物；在院子的另一角，有家庭教师（也是奴隶）在教孩子们背诵希腊字母和乘法表；在又一个角落，屋子的女主人和裁缝（也是奴隶）在缝补男主人的外套。女主人少有出门，因为在古希腊，一个已婚妇女经常出现在大街上，这被认为是不体面的事情。在紧挨门后的一间小办公室里，男主人正细心查看着农庄监工（也是奴隶）刚刚送过来的帐目。

　　When dinner was ready the family came together but the meal was a very simple one and did not take much time. The Greeks seem to have regarded eating as an unavoidable evil and not a pastime, which kills many dreary³ hours and eventually kills many dreary people. They lived on bread and on wine, with a little meat and some green vegetables. They drank water only when nothing else was available because they did not think it very healthy. They loved to call on each other for dinner, but our idea of a festive⁴ meal, where everybody is supposed to eat much more than is good for him, would have disgusted them. They came together at the table for the purpose of a good talk and a good glass of wine and water, but as they were moderate people they despised those who drank too much.

　　当晚饭准备好时，全家人便围坐在一起就餐。饭菜很简单，不用多长时间便吃好了。古希腊人似乎把饮食当成一件无法避免的罪恶，不像娱乐，既能打发无聊的时光，又能治情益智。他们主要吃面包，喝葡萄酒，外加少许的肉类和蔬菜。他们只在没有别的饮料可喝时，才饮水，因为他们认为喝水不利于健康。他们喜欢请朋友一起进餐，但在我们现代人宴会上常常出现的胡 吃海塞、纵情 狂饮的情形，只能令古希腊人感到作呕。他们喜欢在餐桌上聚集一堂，主要是为了更风趣的交 谈及品味美酒饮料。不过，他们懂得节制的美德，喝得酩酊大醉是遭人蔑视的行为。

1 multiplication   

n.增加，增多，倍增；增殖，繁殖；乘法

参考例句：

• Our teacher used to drum our multiplication tables into us.我们老师过去老是让我们反覆背诵乘法表。
• The multiplication of numbers has made our club building too small.会员的增加使得我们的俱乐部拥挤不堪。

2 domain   

n.(活动等)领域，范围；领地，势力范围

参考例句：

• This information should be in the public domain.这一消息应该为公众所知。
• This question comes into the domain of philosophy.这一问题属于哲学范畴。

3 dreary   

adj.令人沮丧的，沉闷的，单调乏味的

参考例句：

• They live such dreary lives.他们的生活如此乏味。
• She was tired of hearing the same dreary tale of drunkenness and violence.她听够了那些关于酗酒和暴力的乏味故事。

4 festive   

adj.欢宴的，节日的

参考例句：

• It was Christmas and everyone was in festive mood.当时是圣诞节，每个人都沉浸在节日的欢乐中。
• We all wore festive costumes to the ball.我们都穿着节日的盛装前去参加舞会。