美国学生世界地理教材 第48期:大篷车(3)

 People who thought their farms had been spoiled by oil found that the oil was worth a fortune, 那些以为农田被油毁掉的人发现这种油有巨大的价值， 

worth much more than what they could make out of chickens and pigs, or corn and wheat. 远比他们养鸡养猪或种玉米小麦能赚的钱更多。 

Some wells had to be dug and the oil pumped up, but others sprouted¹ up like fountains—these were called gushers². 要获得矿物油就得先挖井，然后把油用泵抽上来，但是有些地方油就像喷泉一样自然冒出来——这种叫做自喷井。

This oil that comes out of the rock underneath³ the ground is called petroleum⁴, which means rock oil. 这种来自于地下岩石中的油叫做石油，顾名思义，就是“石中的油”。 

Some of the petroleum companies are nicknamed⁵ “Pete” for short, which is a pretty good name because Pete means “rock.” 有些石油公司被人用简称戏称为“皮特”，这是个很不错的名字，因为皮特的意思就是“岩石”。 

If you take a train by the middle route you cross Iowa, the Corn State, passing through endless fields of corn.  如果你乘火车从中线走的话，你会横穿“玉米之州”爱荷华，要经过无边无际的玉米地。

You next cross Nebraska and gradually rise higher and higher as the ground slopes gently upward⁶, until you reach the State called Colorado.  接下来你会穿过内布拉斯加州，慢慢地，地势越来越高，最后到达叫做科罗拉多的州。

Colorado means “color red.” Colorado is at the foot of the highest mountains in America—they are called the Rocky Mountains. 科罗拉多的意思是“红颜色”。科罗拉多位于美国最高山脉的山脚下——这个山脉叫做落基山脉。 

The capital of Colorado is Denver and Denver is just about half-way from Chicago to the Pacific Ocean. 科罗拉多州的州府是丹佛，丹佛差不多位于从芝加哥到太平洋的中途。

Not so far from Denver you can climb to the top of a Rocky Mountain peak, if you want to and if you have a good heart. 你可以在离丹佛不远的地方出发，登上落基山脉的顶峰，条件是你有这样的意愿，又有一颗强劲的心脏。 

The first man who tried to climb this mountain was named Pike, but he gave it up, so ever since it has been called “Pike’s Peak.” 第一个尝试登顶的人叫派克，但是他中途放弃了，从那之后这座山峰就被叫做“派克峰”。

When I was in school we used to try to say this “tongue-twister”: “Speak Pike, Speak Pike, Speak Pike” over and over as fast as we could without saying “Pike’s Peak.” 我上学的时候我们经常说的“绕口令”是：“说派克，说派克，说派克”，一遍又一遍，能说多快就说多快，而不会说成“派克峰”。 

We couldn’t do it—neither can you! Pike couldn’t climb to the top of his mountain, 我们做不到——你也做不到！派克没能登上以他名字命名的山峰，

but nowadays thousands of people climb to the top each year just as a “stunt” to see in how many hours they can do it.  但是现在每年都有成千上万的人爬到山顶，只是为了展现自己的“特技”，比一比看谁能更快登顶。

Pike’s Peak is so high that there is snow on the top in the summer as well as in the winter, 派克峰巍峨高耸，不论是冬天还是夏天山顶都白雪皑皑， 

and it is so high in the air that there is very little air to breathe when you are at the top.  地势越高，空气越稀薄，人在山顶会感到呼吸困难。

A great many people cannot stand it at the top they have to sit down.  很多人在山顶受不了，只好坐下来。

They gasp⁷ for breath as if they had been running, or like a fish out of water; 他们就像刚跑过步一样，或者就像鱼儿离开了水一样大口大口吸气；

their hearts beat fast and so hard they can hear it drumming in their ears, and they feel faint and weak. 此时心跳快速有力，能清楚听到自己“咚咚”的心跳声，人们感觉眩晕虚弱。 

There are now an auto⁸ road and a railway up to the top, so that you don’t have to climb Pike’s Peak if you don’t want to. 现在有公路和铁路通往山顶，你可以选择坐车登上派克峰。 

The railway track, however, is so steep that an ordinary railway car would slide down like a sled, so the track has small iron steps between the rails,  然而，火车轨道非常陡峭，如果使用普通的火车，车厢会像雪橇一样滑下来。人们就在轨道上的两条铁轨之间铺设了有小“台阶”的齿轨，

and the car has a wheel that catches into the steps so that it cannot slip backward or run away down-hill—it walks up and down the steps. 火车配有齿轮，行驶的时候齿轮卡着齿轨上的“台阶”一步一步向前走，这样火车就不会向后滑或脱轨冲下山——它是顺着台阶上山下山的。

1 sprouted   

v.发芽( sprout的过去式和过去分词 )；抽芽；出现；（使）涌现出

参考例句：

• We can't use these potatoes; they've all sprouted. 这些土豆儿不能吃了，都出芽了。 来自《简明英汉词典》
• The rice seeds have sprouted. 稻种已经出芽了。 来自《现代汉英综合大词典》

2 gushers   

n.喷油井( gusher的名词复数 )

参考例句：

3 underneath   

adj.在...下面，在...底下；adv.在下面

参考例句：

• Working underneath the car is always a messy job.在汽车底下工作是件脏活。
• She wore a coat with a dress underneath.她穿着一件大衣，里面套着一条连衣裙。

4 petroleum   

n.原油，石油

参考例句：

• The Government of Iran advanced the price of petroleum last week.上星期伊朗政府提高了石油价格。
• The purpose of oil refinery is to refine crude petroleum.炼油厂的主要工作是提炼原油。

5 nicknamed   

vt.给…起绰号（nickname的过去式与过去分词形式）

参考例句：

• 'The human sound-track' he nicknamed her in his own mind. 在心里他给她个绰号，就叫"人体录音带"。 来自英汉文学
• People said that he had jaundice and urchins nicknamed him "Yellow Fellow." 别人说他是黄胆病，孩子们也就叫他“黄胖”了。 来自汉英文学 - 中国现代小说

6 upward   

adj.向上的，上升的；adv.向上，上升

参考例句：

• The birds flew upward.鸟儿向上飞去。
• Prices have an upward tendency.价格有上升的趋势。

7 gasp   

n.喘息，气喘；v.喘息；气吁吁他说

参考例句：

• She gave a gasp of surprise.她吃惊得大口喘气。
• The enemy are at their last gasp.敌人在做垂死的挣扎。

8 auto   

n.(=automobile)(口语)汽车

参考例句：

• Don't park your auto here.别把你的汽车停在这儿。
• The auto industry has brought many people to Detroit.汽车工业把许多人吸引到了底特律。