美国学生世界地理教材 第154期:新月之国(3)

 The Turks also built, close to each mosque¹, one or more candle-shaped towers, called minarets³. 土耳其人还在每座清真寺旁建造至少一座形似蜡烛的塔楼，叫做宣礼塔。

About midway of a minaret² is a balcony, and five times a day a priest⁴ appears on this balcony and calls the people of the city to prayer. 在塔的中层有一个阳台，宣礼员每天五次出现在阳台上，呼唤城里的信徒参加祈祷，

This is done instead of ringing church bells as they do in Christian⁵ churches, for Mohammedans do not use bells, even in their own homes. 而不是像基督教教堂用钟声来提醒基督徒做祷告，因为伊斯兰教徒不用钟，甚至在自己家里也不用，

When they want to call a servant they clap their hands. 需要召唤仆人时，他们就拍拍掌。

The first call to prayer is about five o'clock in the morning—sort of an alarm clock—when the priest says, 第一次呼唤祈祷大约是在早上五点——有点像闹钟的作用——这时宣礼员就会说,

Come to prayer. Prayer is better than Sleep. 来祈祷吧，祈祷比睡觉更有益。

Not many people get up at that time to pray, however. 然而，并没有很多人那么早起身去祈祷，

When he calls out, a very good Mohammedan goes into the nearest mosque to pray, 当宣礼员呼唤时，特别虔诚的伊斯兰教徒就会到最近的清真寺去祷告，

or he gets down on his knees and bows his head till it touches the ground. 或者双膝跪地，低下头礼拜直到头触到地面。

Whenever he goes into a mosque he must first wash his face, hands, and feet, so almost every mosque has a pool or fountain, 伊斯兰教教徒无论何时进入一座清真寺，都必须先洗脸、洗手、洗脚，所以几乎每座清真寺的台阶上或者院子里都有水池或喷泉，

sometimes on the steps, sometimes in the courtyard, where the people can wash before they enter. 让人们进寺前可以清洗自己。

For this reason also there are a great many fountains throughout Istanbul. 也正是这个原因，伊斯坦布尔有很多喷泉。

They are not for drinking—they are not for beauty; they are for washing. 它们不是用来饮用的——也不是用来美化环境的，它们是用来洗濯的。

The mosques⁶ are for men only. 清真寺只允许男人进入。

Women used to be allowed in little hidden cells in the mosque, 女人过去只被允许待在清真寺中隐蔽的小房间里，

where they could not be seen, for women and children were supposed neither to be seen nor heard. 待在那儿她们不会被别人看见，因为女人和孩子不应该出现在清真寺。

The Mohammedans' Sunday is our Friday. 伊斯兰教徒的星期天是我们的星期五。

The Mohammedan goes to the mosque every day if he can, but always on Friday. 只要有时间，伊斯兰教徒每天都去清真寺，但他们在星期五总是去清真寺。

1 mosque   

n.清真寺

参考例句：

• The mosque is a activity site and culture center of Muslim religion.清真寺为穆斯林宗教活动场所和文化中心。
• Some years ago the clock in the tower of the mosque got out of order.几年前，清真寺钟楼里的大钟失灵了。

2 minaret   

n.（回教寺院的）尖塔

参考例句：

• The minaret is 65 meters high,the second highest in the world.光塔高65米，高度位居世界第二。
• It stands on a high marble plinth with a minaret at each corner.整个建筑建立在一个高大的大理石底座上，每个角上都有一个尖塔。

3 minarets   

n.（清真寺旁由报告祈祷时刻的人使用的）光塔( minaret的名词复数 )

参考例句：

• Remind you of a mosque, red baked bricks, the minarets. 红砖和尖塔都会使你联想到伊斯兰教的礼拜寺。 来自互联网
• These purchases usually went along with embellishments such as minarets. 这些购置通常也伴随着注入尖塔等的装饰。 来自互联网

4 priest   

n.神父，牧师，司铎，司祭，领导者，神甫；vt.使成为神职人员

参考例句：

• He confessed to a priest that he had sinned.他向神父忏悔他犯了罪。
• The priest visited all the old people in the parish.牧师探望了教区里的所有老人。

5 Christian   

adj.基督教徒的；n.基督教徒

参考例句：

• They always addressed each other by their Christian name.他们总是以教名互相称呼。
• His mother is a sincere Christian.他母亲是个虔诚的基督教徒。

6 mosques   

清真寺； 伊斯兰教寺院，清真寺； 清真寺，伊斯兰教寺院( mosque的名词复数 )

参考例句：

• Why make us believe that this tunnel runs underneath the mosques? 为什么要让我们相信这条隧洞是在清真寺下？
• The city's three biggest mosques, long fallen into disrepair, have been renovated. 城里最大的三座清真寺，过去年久失修，现在已经修复。