美国英语听力80篇3 Lesson55

[00:07.05]The World Health Organization says about 600,000-- 300 babies got H-I-V,
[00:15.39]the virus that causes AIDS, from their mothers in 1998.
[00:20.48]It says 90% of those babies were in African countries south of the Sahara Desert.
[00:28.71]Did those babies have the virus at birth?
[00:32.03]Or did they become infected later in life?
[00:36.05]A new study says breast-feeding is a major cause of H-I-V in African babies.
[00:44.28]It was published in the Journal¹ of the American Medical Association².
[00:50.13]The study was led by Ruth Nduati of the University of Nairobi in Kenya.
[00:57.18]She had help from researchers from the University of Seattle in the American state of Washington.
[01:04.55]The researchers divided 800 H-I-V infected Kenyan mothers into two groups.
[01:13.04]One group breast-fed their new babies.
[01:16.43]The other women fed their babies a liquid baby food called formula³.
[01:22.39]Ninety of the babies became infected with H-I-V.
[01:27.80]The rate of infection was two times higher among the breast-fed babies than among the others.
[01:35.40]The researchers also found that infection from breast milk often happens within the first few months of the baby's life.
[01:45.82]However, the study shows that reducing the AIDS virus in babies is not as simple as changing from breast-feeding to formula.
[01:56.64]The researchers found that after two years, the death rate of the babies in the two groups was the same-about 20%.
[02:07.87]Mary Glenn Fowler works⁴ for the United States Centers for Disease⁵ Control.
[02:14.43]She says African babies who are not breast-fed have other risks.
[02:20.77]She says baby formula needs to be mixed with water.
[02:25.97]In many poor countries, water is unsafe to drink.
[02:30.83]It can lead to deadly diarrhea in babies.
[02:34.91]She also notes that breast-feeding is traditional in African countries.
[02:41.15]Doctor Fowler thinks infected women should be given drugs that fight the AIDS virus
[02:48.33]while they are pregnant⁶ and not breast-feed their babies.
[02:52.56]She says the anti-AIDS drugs also would offer some protection to babies who are breast-fed.
[03:00.64]But, Doctor Nduati says public health officials must do more than that.
[03:07.74]She says one in every three to four pregnant women has H-I-V in African cities south of the Sahara.

1 journal   

n.日志，日记；议事录；日记帐；杂志，定期刊物

参考例句：

• He kept a journal during his visit to Japan.他在访问日本期间坚持记日记。
• He got a job as editor of a trade journal.他找到了一份当商业杂志编辑的工作。

2 association   

n.联盟，协会，社团；交往，联合；联想

参考例句：

• Our long association with your company has brought great benefits.我方和贵公司的长期合作带来了巨大的利益。
• I broke away from the association ten years ago.我10年前就脱离了那个团体。

3 formula   

n.公式；配方，外方；规则，一定的做法

参考例句：

• His father is acting on his formula.他的父亲总是按他的原则办事。
• Here are some applications of Taylor's formula.下面举例说明泰乐定理的应用。

4 works   

n.作品，著作；工厂，活动部件，机件

参考例句：

• We expect writers to produce more and better works.我们期望作家们写出更多更好的作品。
• The novel is regarded as one of the classic works.这篇小说被公认为是最优秀的作品之一。

5 disease   

n.疾病，弊端

参考例句：

• The doctors are trying to stamp out the disease.医生正在尽力消灭这种疾病。
• He fought against the disease for a long time.他同疾病做了长时间的斗争。

6 pregnant   

adj.怀孕的，怀胎的

参考例句：

• She is a pregnant woman.她是一名孕妇。
• She is pregnant with her first child.她怀了第一胎。