密歇根新闻广播 福特将推出V2V通信技术

Vehicle to Vehicle Communication, or V2V, is a potentially life-saving technology that allows cars to communicate with each other and with traffic signals and other road infrastructure¹ to prevent accidents.

On Monday, Ford² Motor Company announced it will install a version of V2V, called C-V2X, in all its cars, starting in 2022.

But the news was not met with universal acclaim³.

That's because General Motors and Toyota are already using a non-compatible system, called DSRC, and Ford's decision stops the momentum⁴ for DSRC to become the system used for V2V in the U.S.

How it works

Jared Wendt of Panasonic, a Ford collaborator⁵ on the C-V2X project, goes through a couple demonstrations⁶ to show just what vehicle to vehicle technology can do.

Like preventing the often deadly T-bone crash at an intersection⁷.

Wendt's driver steps on the gas, ready to blow through a stop sign, while another vehicle (also equipped with C-V2X) is going through the intersection. Both cars are continuously sending a signal to the other about their projected speed and path.

"Someone's blowing through a red light," Wendt narrates⁸. "Happens all the time."

Then, Wendt's car issues a loud warning.

"Elevated warning," Wendt says. "Driver pumps the brakes; we avoid an accident altogether in the middle of an intersection."

There are multiple situations where V2V could help drivers avoid accidents. The systems can warn that another car has run into black ice ahead, or tell a car that another car, two or three cars ahead, has come to a complete stop on the highway, or warn that a driver is about to rear-end another car.

Ford dropped out of a DSRC consortium last year, so its announcement isn't a big surprise

Ford Motor Company's Don Butler says the advantage of the C-V2X system is it can send signals over longer distances than DRSC, allowing emergency vehicles to tell traffic lights ahead to turn red for other approaching vehicles, for example.

But C-V2X is not compatible with DSRC. General Motors has already installed DSRC systems in some Cadillacs, and Toyota announced last year it would phase in DSRC in all its vehicles, beginning in 2024.

Butler says Ford didn't make the decision to go with another V2V system lightly. He says one big benefit is it will be able to piggyback on the future faster speed of 5G, because it's a cellular⁹ based system, not a Wi-Fi based system like DSRC.

"We have the ability to not only get a more efficient, cost-effective way of deploying¹⁰ a technology; we have a way of riding a technology wave that's only going to grow as we go forward," he says.

Not just another fight for survival in the technology marketplace

Navigant Research analyst¹¹ Sam Abuelsamid says this is certainly not the first time similar technologies have fought to the death in the marketplace.

VHS versus¹² Beta comes to mind, for those of a certain age.

"More recently we had Blu-ray and HD-DVD," he says. "Two competing technologies doing essentially¹³ the same thing, that came out around the same time and Blu-ray won out."

But this battle is for much higher stakes.

Jim Sayer is with the University of Michigan Transportation Research Institute. His group oversaw¹⁴ a big pilot project in southeast Michigan using DSRC, not the system Ford is using.

He says DSRC could be implemented¹⁵ industry-wide today. In fact, it was ready to go two years ago.

"There's been hundreds of millions of dollars invested by the industry, the federal government, local governments, and quite frankly¹⁶, just taxpayers¹⁷ like you and I," says Sayer of DSRC.

Sayer says now, it's going to take more time, money and research to prove that this other system is just as good or better.

He says that delay translates to potential lives lost.

V2V is coming. It's just a question of when, now.

Analyst Sam Abuelsamid says eventually, automakers will have to work out the disagreement.

"Because everybody realizes that for this to be a benefit, you need to have every vehicle be able to talk to every vehicle and every roadside unit," he says. "If they're talking different languages, then it doesn't help anybody."

He suspects GM and Toyota will blink, and switch to the system Ford is using. Or, if not, a company will find a low-cost way to make the two systems compatible.

1 infrastructure   

n.下部构造，下部组织，基础结构，基础设施

参考例句：

• We should step up the development of infrastructure for research.加强科学基础设施建设。
• We should strengthen cultural infrastructure and boost various types of popular culture.加强文化基础设施建设，发展各类群众文化。

2 Ford   

n.浅滩，水浅可涉处；v.涉水，涉过

参考例句：

• They were guarding the bridge,so we forded the river.他们驻守在那座桥上，所以我们只能涉水过河。
• If you decide to ford a stream,be extremely careful.如果已决定要涉过小溪，必须极度小心。

3 acclaim   

v.向…欢呼，公认；n.欢呼，喝彩，称赞

参考例句：

• He was welcomed with great acclaim.他受到十分热烈的欢迎。
• His achievements earned him the acclaim of the scientific community.他的成就赢得了科学界的赞誉。

4 momentum   

n.动力，冲力，势头；动量

参考例句：

• We exploit the energy and momentum conservation laws in this way.我们就是这样利用能量和动量守恒定律的。
• The law of momentum conservation could supplant Newton's third law.动量守恒定律可以取代牛顿第三定律。

5 collaborator   

n.合作者，协作者

参考例句：

• I need a collaborator to help me. 我需要个人跟我合作，帮我的忙。
• His collaborator, Hooke, was of a different opinion. 他的合作者霍克持有不同的看法。

6 demonstrations   

证明( demonstration的名词复数 )； 表明； 表达； 游行示威

参考例句：

• Lectures will be interspersed with practical demonstrations. 讲课中将不时插入实际示范。
• The new military government has banned strikes and demonstrations. 新的军人政府禁止罢工和示威活动。

7 intersection   

n.交集，十字路口，交叉点；[计算机] 交集

参考例句：

• There is a stop sign at an intersection.在交叉路口处有停车标志。
• Bridges are used to avoid the intersection of a railway and a highway.桥用来避免铁路和公路直接交叉。

8 narrates   

v.故事( narrate的第三人称单数 )

参考例句：

• It narrates the unconstitutional acts of James II. 它历数了詹姆斯二世的违法行为。 来自辞典例句
• Chapter three narrates the economy activity which Jew return the Occident. 第三章讲述了犹太人重返西欧后的经济活动。 来自互联网

9 cellular   

adj.移动的；细胞的，由细胞组成的

参考例句：

• She has a cellular telephone in her car.她的汽车里有一部无线通讯电话机。
• Many people use cellular materials as sensitive elements in hygrometers.很多人用蜂窝状的材料作为测量温度的传感元件。

10 deploying   

（尤指军事行动）使展开( deploy的现在分词 )； 施展； 部署； 有效地利用

参考例句：

• Provides support for developing and deploying distributed, component-based applications. 为开发和部署基于组件的分布式应用程序提供支持。
• Advertisement, publishing, repair, and install-on-demand are all available when deploying your application. 在部署应用程序时提供公布、发布、修复和即需即装功能。

11 analyst   

n.分析家，化验员；心理分析学家

参考例句：

• What can you contribute to the position of a market analyst?你有什么技能可有助于市场分析员的职务？
• The analyst is required to interpolate values between standards.分析人员需要在这些标准中插入一些值。

12 versus   

prep.以…为对手，对；与…相比之下

参考例句：

• The big match tonight is England versus Spain.今晚的大赛是英格兰对西班牙。
• The most exciting game was Harvard versus Yale.最富紧张刺激的球赛是哈佛队对耶鲁队。

13 essentially   

adv.本质上，实质上，基本上

参考例句：

• Really great men are essentially modest.真正的伟人大都很谦虚。
• She is an essentially selfish person.她本质上是个自私自利的人。

14 oversaw   

v.监督，监视( oversee的过去式 )

参考例句：

• He will go down as the president who oversaw two historic transitions. 他将作为见证了巴西两次历史性转变的总统，安然引退。 来自互联网
• Dixon oversaw the project as creative director of Design Research Studio. 狄克逊监督项目的创意总监设计研究工作室。 来自互联网

15 implemented   

v.实现( implement的过去式和过去分词 )；执行；贯彻；使生效

参考例句：

• This agreement, if not implemented, is a mere scrap of paper. 这个协定如不执行只不过是一纸空文。 来自《现代汉英综合大词典》
• The economy is in danger of collapse unless far-reaching reforms are implemented. 如果不实施影响深远的改革，经济就面临崩溃的危险。 来自辞典例句

16 frankly   

adv.坦白地，直率地；坦率地说

参考例句：

• To speak frankly, I don't like the idea at all.老实说，我一点也不赞成这个主意。
• Frankly speaking, I'm not opposed to reform.坦率地说，我不反对改革。

17 taxpayers   

纳税人，纳税的机构( taxpayer的名词复数 )

参考例句：

• Finance for education comes from taxpayers. 教育经费来自纳税人。
• She was declaiming against the waste of the taxpayers' money. 她慷慨陈词猛烈抨击对纳税人金钱的浪费。