美国国家公共电台 NPR Replicas Of Artifacts Destroyed By ISIS 'Rising From Destruction' In Rome

Replicas² Of Artifacts Destroyed By ISIS 'Rising From Destruction' In Rome

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As the Islamic State took over large swaths of Syria and Iraq, it targeted ancient treasures for destruction - sculptures and temples that were the region's cultural heritage. As NPR's Sylvia Poggioli reports, replicas of several vandalised masterpieces are now on exhibit at Rome's Colosseum.

SYLVIA POGGIOLI, BYLINE⁴: This guide is showing a tourist group the Colosseum.

UNIDENTIFIED WOMAN: People started calling the amphitheater from the Colossus - the Colossus that was outside it. This is why everybody calls it the Colosseum.

POGGIOLI: While the ancient Romans saw a Colossus - a large statue outside the Roman amphitheater - today, visitors can admire a new one inside - the human-headed, winged bull that stood outside the palace at Nimrud in Iraq. Standing⁵ some 16-feet high, it's a life-size replica¹ of the original that was bulldozed into dust by the Islamic State last year in what had been the capital of the Assyrian Empire, founded in the 13th century BC. Art historian and restoration expert Cristina Acidini supervised the reconstructions⁷ of the artworks in this exhibit that's called Rising From Destruction.

CRISTINA ACIDINI: The winged bull was extremely challenging because of the size.

POGGIOLI: Acidini says specially⁸ trained technicians worked on photographs to create a small-scale model. And then, thanks to 3D printers and other state-of-the-art technology, the replica was created in several pieces.

ACIDINI: And then has been hardened with a special varnish⁹. And after the hardening process, has been totally covered by layers and layers of real stone - three kinds of stones that have been grinded like dust.

POGGIOLI: And then, says Acidini, the pieces were assembled here inside the coliseum, like a giant, three-dimensional jigsaw¹⁰ puzzle. The other full scale-replicas in the Colosseum are the reconstruction⁶ of a room in Ebla, Syria, where ancient archives had been discovered, and a portion of the ceiling from the 2000-year-old Temple of Bel in Palmyra, the UNESCO World Heritage Site that had some of the Middle East's best-preserved antique artifacts. Francesco Rutelli, curator of the exhibit, explains its message.

FRANCESCO RUTELLI: To show that all has been destroyed can be reconstructed.

POGGIOLI: Rutelli, who was once Italy's culture minister, says one country's cultural heritage is important for all humankind.

RUTELLI: Because it is our heritage, not only the Syrian or Iraqi or Afghani or Latin American. It's a universal heritage.

POGGIOLI: During its 10-month occupation of Palmyra, the Islamic State razed¹¹ two ancient temples and a triumphal arch. They also beheaded the archaeologist who had been Palmyra's custodian¹² for 40 years because he refused to reveal the location of many artifacts he had hidden. The Rome exhibit also contains two ancient marble busts¹³ damaged during ISIS's occupation of Palmyra and which will be restored here.

Rutelli calls them the war-wounded of Palmyra. The curator says that while during a war it's very rare to open up a corridor for culture, the busts were able to arrive in Rome thanks to a complicated diplomatic effort and the cooperation of both the Syrian Directorate of Antiquities¹⁴ and members of the opposition¹⁵.

RUTELLI: It's a very rare question. We have to recognize that there are people who do not resign when the danger comes.

POGGIOLI: The exhibit, Rising From Destruction, will be on display until December 16. Sylvia Poggioli, NPR News, Rome.

1 replica   

n.复制品

参考例句：

• The original conservatory has been rebuilt in replica.温室已按原样重建。
• The young artist made a replica of the famous painting.这位年轻的画家临摹了这幅著名的作品。

2 replicas   

n.复制品( replica的名词复数 )

参考例句：

• His hobby is building replicas of cars. 他的爱好是制作汽车的复制品。 来自《简明英汉词典》
• The replicas are made by using a thin film of fusible alloy on a stiffening platen. 复制是用附着在加强托板上的可熔合金薄膜实现的。 来自辞典例句

3 browser   

n.浏览者

参考例句：

• View edits in a web browser.在浏览器中看编辑的效果。
• I think my browser has a list of shareware links.我想在浏览器中会有一系列的共享软件链接。

4 byline   

n.署名；v.署名

参考例句：

• His byline was absent as well.他的署名也不见了。
• We wish to thank the author of this article which carries no byline.我们要感谢这篇文章的那位没有署名的作者。

5 standing   

n.持续，地位；adj.永久的，不动的，直立的，不流动的

参考例句：

• After the earthquake only a few houses were left standing.地震过后只有几幢房屋还立着。
• They're standing out against any change in the law.他们坚决反对对法律做任何修改。

6 reconstruction   

n.重建，再现，复原

参考例句：

• The country faces a huge task of national reconstruction following the war.战后，该国面临着重建家园的艰巨任务。
• In the period of reconstruction,technique decides everything.在重建时期，技术决定一切。

7 reconstructions   

重建( reconstruction的名词复数 )； 再现； 重建物； 复原物

参考例句：

• Multicolored reconstructions have been formed using (black and white) volume holographic plates. 利用黑白体积全息片已经做成了彩色重建象。
• The method gives ways to evaluate collision speed in traffic accident reconstructions. 该模型为交通事故再现推算碰撞速度提供了有效实用的方法。

8 specially   

adv.特定地；特殊地；明确地

参考例句：

• They are specially packaged so that they stack easily.它们经过特别包装以便于堆放。
• The machine was designed specially for demolishing old buildings.这种机器是专为拆毁旧楼房而设计的。

9 varnish   

n.清漆；v.上清漆；粉饰

参考例句：

• He tried to varnish over the facts,but it was useless.他想粉饰事实，但那是徒劳的。
• He applied varnish to the table.他给那张桌子涂上清漆。

10 jigsaw   

n.缕花锯，竖锯，拼图游戏；vt.用竖锯锯，使互相交错搭接

参考例句：

• A jigsaw puzzle can keep me absorbed for hours.一副拼图就能让我沉醉几个小时。
• Tom likes to work on jigsaw puzzles,too.汤姆也喜欢玩拼图游戏。

11 razed   

v.彻底摧毁，将…夷为平地( raze的过去式和过去分词 )

参考例句：

• The village was razed to the ground . 这座村庄被夷为平地。
• Many villages were razed to the ground. 许多村子被夷为平地。 来自《简明英汉词典》

12 custodian   

n.保管人，监护人；公共建筑看守

参考例句：

• Benitez believes his custodian is among the top five in world football.贝尼特斯坚信他的门将是当今足坛最出色的五人之一。
• When his father died his uncle became his legal custodian.他父亲死后，他叔叔成了他的法定监护人。

13 busts   

半身雕塑像( bust的名词复数 )； 妇女的胸部； 胸围； 突击搜捕

参考例句：

• Dey bags swells up and busts. 那奶袋快胀破了。
• Marble busts all looked like a cemetery. 大理石的半身象，简直就象是坟山。

14 antiquities   

n.古老( antiquity的名词复数 )；古迹；古人们；古代的风俗习惯

参考例句：

• There is rest and healing in the contemplation of antiquities. 欣赏古物有休息和疗养之功。 来自辞典例句
• Bertha developed a fine enthusiasm for the antiquities of London. 伯沙对伦敦的古迹产生了很大的热情。 来自辞典例句

15 opposition   

n.反对，敌对

参考例句：

• The party leader is facing opposition in his own backyard.该党领袖在自己的党內遇到了反对。
• The police tried to break down the prisoner's opposition.警察设法制住了那个囚犯的反抗。