美国国家公共电台 NPR The Pope Commemorates The Reformation That Split Western Christianity

The Pope Commemorates¹ The Reformation That Split Western Christianity

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Pope Francis makes an unlikely trip to Sweden next week. He's helping⁴ to kick off a year-long commemoration of the Protestant Reformation, which began as an assault on the Catholic Church.

NPR's Sylvia Poggioli reports from Rome.

SYLVIA POGGIOLI, BYLINE⁵: Five centuries ago, the German monk⁶ Martin Luther pinned to his church door 95 theses denouncing the Catholic sale of indulgences and questioning papal authority. That led to his excommunication and the Protestant Reformation. The Catholic Church reacted with the Counter-Reformation.

And mutual⁷ enmity led to decades of religious wars that devastated⁸ central Europe. Gerard O'Connell, Vatican correspondent for the Jesuit magazine America, says the pope's participation⁹ in commemorating¹⁰ the Reformation is proof of the extraordinary change in Catholic-Lutheran relations.

GERARD O'CONNELL: A recognition that perhaps both sides missed something at the time of the Protestant Reformation - the Catholic Church missed ways of reforming itself. Luther and those around him pressed in a way that just couldn't be taken on board. And so, in a way, both sides misspoke.

POGGIOLI: The animosity and resentments¹¹ left by the Reformation only began to heal after the Second Vatican Council in the 1960s with the start of an ecumenical dialogue - dialogue aimed at promoting Christian² unity¹². There are still some doctrinal disputes.

But Pope Francis says that while theologians iron out their differences, the two churches can work together on social issues, caring for the poor, migrants and refugees and combating persecution¹³ of Christians¹⁴. Jens-Martin Kruse, pastor¹⁵ of the Lutheran Church in Rome, says Francis' approach has been dubbed¹⁶ walking ecumenism.

JENS-MARTIN KRUSE: We are moving together and walking together. We find that we have a lot of things more in communion - as we thought before.

POGGIOLI: In fact, last June, Pope Francis went so far as to praise Luther, once deemed a heretic by the Catholic Church as a great reformer.

(SOUNDBITE OF ARCHIVED RECORDING)

POPE POPE FRANCIS: (Through interpreter) The church was not a role model. There was corruption¹⁷. There was worldliness. There was greed and lust¹⁸ for power. He protested against this. And he was an intelligent man.

POGGIOLI: There are three remaining areas of division, the question of the universal church and papal primacy, the priesthood, which includes women in the Lutheran Church, and the nature of the Eucharist or Holy Communion.

This last item is of great concern to both churches, as they try to deal with intermarried couples' desire for receiving communion together. A year ago, visiting the Lutheran Church in Rome, Pope Francis opened the door slightly. He suggested to a Lutheran woman married to a Catholic man that perhaps, if her conscience permitted, she could receive communion in her husband's church.

Briefing reporters at the Vatican, Rev¹⁹. Martin Junge, general secretary of the Lutheran World Federation²⁰, said the question of sharing the Eucharistic table or interfaith communion is of prime importance.

MARTIN JUNGE: I really hope that the joint²¹ commemoration give us a strong encouragement to be faster, to be bolder, to be even more creative and with a very strong focus on where people feel the lack of unity the heaviest, around the table.

JUNGE: The Swedish city of Lund was chosen for the joint commemoration because it was there that the Lutheran World Federation was founded 70 years ago. Sylvia Poggioli, NPR News, Rome.

1 commemorates   

n.纪念，庆祝( commemorate的名词复数 )v.纪念，庆祝( commemorate的第三人称单数 )

参考例句：

• A tombstone is erected in memory of whoever it commemorates. 墓碑是为纪念它所纪念的人而建的。 来自《简明英汉词典》
• A tablet commemorates his patriotic activities. 碑文铭记他的爱国行动。 来自《现代英汉综合大词典》

2 Christian   

adj.基督教徒的；n.基督教徒

参考例句：

• They always addressed each other by their Christian name.他们总是以教名互相称呼。
• His mother is a sincere Christian.他母亲是个虔诚的基督教徒。

3 browser   

n.浏览者

参考例句：

• View edits in a web browser.在浏览器中看编辑的效果。
• I think my browser has a list of shareware links.我想在浏览器中会有一系列的共享软件链接。

4 helping   

n.食物的一份&adj.帮助人的，辅助的

参考例句：

• The poor children regularly pony up for a second helping of my hamburger. 那些可怜的孩子们总是要求我把我的汉堡包再给他们一份。
• By doing this, they may at times be helping to restore competition. 这样一来, 他在某些时候,有助于竞争的加强。

5 byline   

n.署名；v.署名

参考例句：

• His byline was absent as well.他的署名也不见了。
• We wish to thank the author of this article which carries no byline.我们要感谢这篇文章的那位没有署名的作者。

6 monk   

n.和尚，僧侣，修道士

参考例句：

• The man was a monk from Emei Mountain.那人是峨眉山下来的和尚。
• Buddhist monk sat with folded palms.和尚合掌打坐。

7 mutual   

adj.相互的，彼此的；共同的，共有的

参考例句：

• We must pull together for mutual interest.我们必须为相互的利益而通力合作。
• Mutual interests tied us together.相互的利害关系把我们联系在一起。

8 devastated   

v.彻底破坏( devastate的过去式和过去分词)；摧毁；毁灭；在感情上（精神上、财务上等）压垮adj.毁坏的；极为震惊的

参考例句：

• The bomb devastated much of the old part of the city. 这颗炸弹炸毁了旧城的一大片地方。
• His family is absolutely devastated. 他的一家感到极为震惊。

9 participation   

n.参与，参加，分享

参考例句：

• Some of the magic tricks called for audience participation.有些魔术要求有观众的参与。
• The scheme aims to encourage increased participation in sporting activities.这个方案旨在鼓励大众更多地参与体育活动。

10 commemorating   

v.纪念，庆祝( commemorate的现在分词 )

参考例句：

• He was presented with a scroll commemorating his achievements. 他被授予一幅卷轴，以表彰其所做出的成就。 来自《简明英汉词典》
• The post office issued a series commemorating famous American entertainers. 邮局发行了一个纪念美国著名演艺人员的系列邮票。 来自互联网

11 resentments   

（因受虐待而）愤恨，不满，怨恨( resentment的名词复数 )

参考例句：

• He could never transcend his resentments and his complexes. 他从来不能把他的怨恨和感情上的症结置之度外。
• These local resentments burst into open revolt. 地方性反感变成公开暴动。

12 unity   

n.团结，联合，统一；和睦，协调

参考例句：

• When we speak of unity,we do not mean unprincipled peace.所谓团结，并非一团和气。
• We must strengthen our unity in the face of powerful enemies.大敌当前，我们必须加强团结。

13 persecution   

n. 迫害,烦扰

参考例句：

• He had fled from France at the time of the persecution. 他在大迫害时期逃离了法国。
• Their persecution only serves to arouse the opposition of the people. 他们的迫害只激起人民对他们的反抗。

14 Christians   

n.基督教徒( Christian的名词复数 )

参考例句：

• Christians of all denominations attended the conference. 基督教所有教派的人都出席了这次会议。
• His novel about Jesus caused a furore among Christians. 他关于耶稣的小说激起了基督教徒的公愤。

15 pastor   

n.牧师，牧人

参考例句：

• He was the son of a poor pastor.他是一个穷牧师的儿子。
• We have no pastor at present:the church is run by five deacons.我们目前没有牧师：教会的事是由五位执事管理的。

16 dubbed   

v.给…起绰号( dub的过去式和过去分词 )；把…称为；配音；复制

参考例句：

• Mathematics was once dubbed the handmaiden of the sciences. 数学曾一度被视为各门科学的基础。
• Is the movie dubbed or does it have subtitles? 这部电影是配音的还是打字幕的？ 来自《简明英汉词典》

17 corruption   

n.腐败，堕落，贪污

参考例句：

• The people asked the government to hit out against corruption and theft.人民要求政府严惩贪污盗窃。
• The old man reviled against corruption.那老人痛斥了贪污舞弊。

18 lust   

n.性(淫)欲；渴(欲)望；vi.对…有强烈的欲望

参考例句：

• He was filled with lust for power.他内心充满了对权力的渴望。
• Sensing the explorer's lust for gold, the chief wisely presented gold ornaments as gifts.酋长觉察出探险者们垂涎黄金的欲念，就聪明地把金饰品作为礼物赠送给他们。

19 rev   

v.发动机旋转，加快速度

参考例句：

• It's his job to rev up the audience before the show starts.他要负责在表演开始前鼓动观众的热情。
• Don't rev the engine so hard.别让发动机转得太快。

20 federation   

n.同盟，联邦，联合，联盟，联合会

参考例句：

• It is a federation of 10 regional unions.它是由十个地方工会结合成的联合会。
• Mr.Putin was inaugurated as the President of the Russian Federation.普京正式就任俄罗斯联邦总统。

21 joint   

adj.联合的，共同的；n.关节，接合处；v.连接，贴合

参考例句：

• I had a bad fall,which put my shoulder out of joint.我重重地摔了一跤，肩膀脫臼了。
• We wrote a letter in joint names.我们联名写了封信。