美国国家公共电台 NPR For Pope Francis, A Year Of Reconciliation Abroad Amid Opposition At Home

 

AILSA CHANG, HOST: 

Pope Francis has wrapped up what he proclaimed a jubilee¹ year of mercy. NPR's Sylvia Poggioli has this year-end look back on the pope's efforts to tackle thorny² issues within the church and heal divisions across the world.

SYLVIA POGGIOLI, BYLINE³: The thrust of Francis' international outreach this year was ecumenism - Christian⁴ unity⁵. In Cuba, He met Russian Orthodox Patriarch Kirill, an encounter his two predecessors⁶ had tried in vain to achieve. And Francis went to the migration⁷ crisis front line, the Greek island of Lesbos, together with the orthodox patriarch of Constantinople to underscore the dignity of refugees.

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POGGIOLI: The pope's latest trip was to Sweden, where in a joint⁸ ceremony with Lutherans, he commemorated⁹ the 500th anniversary of the Protestant Reformation. Papal biographer Marco Politi says Pope Francis is working toward a shared view of history among the different confessions¹⁰.

MARCO POLITI: It means building a common history of Christianity in the last thousand years beyond divisions.

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POGGIOLI: An Italian TV documentary for the pope's 80th birthday contained several clips from a long interview in which he spoke¹¹ of the need for Vatican reforms.

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POPE FRANCIS: (Foreign language spoken).

POGGIOLI: The papal court, Francis laments¹², still follows an out of date formalism. Robert Mickens, editor of La Croix International, says the pope has made clear his aversion for clericalism.

ROBERT MICKENS: A privileged and separate caste mentality¹³ of clerics, that they are specially¹⁴ chosen, and they are set apart from the rest of the people to rule, to teach and to admonish¹⁵.

POGGIOLI: Father Antonio Spadaro, the editor of the Jesuit publication Civilta Cattolica and close to Francis, concedes there is resistance within the Vatican.

ANTONIO SPADARO: There are oppositions¹⁷ to his work. In a sense, it's a good sign his job as a pope has a real effect, a real impact on the church. He likes also to receive different kind of messages and feedbacks.

POGGIOLI: But disagreement with the pope has come very close to open dissent¹⁸. The bone of contention¹⁹ is a papal document issued in April. "Ammonius Laetitia," the joy of love on marriage, sex and the family, contains a footnote that seemingly opens a crack in the door allowing some divorced and civilly remarried Catholics in certain situations to receive the sacraments. Four mostly-retired cardinals²⁰ wrote a highly publicized letter demanding that the pope clarify the Magisterium - church teaching - on the indissolubility of marriage. Papal biographer Politi says behind the four cardinals lies a broad, hidden opposition¹⁶ to Francis.

POLITI: The practical impact of this is to delegitimize his activity. This opposition actually is trying to influence already the next conclave²¹.

POGGIOLI: Many Vatican analysts²² say Francis has spoken privately²³ about another controversial topic he would like to tackle. In view of the growing worldwide shortage of priests, he would like to introduce the possibility of a married priesthood. Mickens, editor of La Croix International, says to do that he'll need more backing from his bishops²⁴.

MICKENS: And that - once that happens, that will have a domino effect in all kinds of other issues. Once you have married priests, it will naturally lead to a bigger role for women. It will change the whole mentality.

POGGIOLI: The first non-European pope in nearly 1,300 years, Francis enjoys overwhelming support among the faithful. And as he turns 80, his supporters say he's determined²⁵ to tackle opponents within the church. Sylvia Poggioli, NPR News, Rome.

1 jubilee   

n.周年纪念；欢乐

参考例句：

• They had a big jubilee to celebrate the victory.他们举行盛大的周年纪念活动以祝贺胜利。
• Every Jubilee,to take the opposite case,has served a function.反过来说，历次君主巡幸，都曾起到某种作用。

2 thorny   

adj.多刺的，棘手的

参考例句：

• The young captain is pondering over a thorny problem.年轻的上尉正在思考一个棘手的问题。
• The boys argued over the thorny points in the lesson.孩子们辩论功课中的难点。

3 byline   

n.署名；v.署名

参考例句：

• His byline was absent as well.他的署名也不见了。
• We wish to thank the author of this article which carries no byline.我们要感谢这篇文章的那位没有署名的作者。

4 Christian   

adj.基督教徒的；n.基督教徒

参考例句：

• They always addressed each other by their Christian name.他们总是以教名互相称呼。
• His mother is a sincere Christian.他母亲是个虔诚的基督教徒。

5 unity   

n.团结，联合，统一；和睦，协调

参考例句：

• When we speak of unity,we do not mean unprincipled peace.所谓团结，并非一团和气。
• We must strengthen our unity in the face of powerful enemies.大敌当前，我们必须加强团结。

6 predecessors   

n.前任( predecessor的名词复数 )；前辈；（被取代的）原有事物；前身

参考例句：

• The new government set about dismantling their predecessors' legislation. 新政府正着手废除其前任所制定的法律。 来自《简明英汉词典》
• Will new plan be any more acceptable than its predecessors? 新计划比原先的计划更能令人满意吗？ 来自《简明英汉词典》

7 migration   

n.迁移，移居，（鸟类等的）迁徙

参考例句：

• Swallows begin their migration south in autumn.燕子在秋季开始向南方迁移。
• He described the vernal migration of birds in detail.他详细地描述了鸟的春季移居。

8 joint   

adj.联合的，共同的；n.关节，接合处；v.连接，贴合

参考例句：

• I had a bad fall,which put my shoulder out of joint.我重重地摔了一跤，肩膀脫臼了。
• We wrote a letter in joint names.我们联名写了封信。

9 commemorated   

v.纪念，庆祝( commemorate的过去式和过去分词 )

参考例句：

• Lincoln commemorated the soldiers killed in the battle in his address. 林肯在演说中表扬阵亡将士。 来自辞典例句
• You'll be commemorated for killing a spy, and be specially discharged. 你们每杀一个间谍将会被记录到特殊档案。 来自电影对白

10 confessions   

n.承认( confession的名词复数 )；自首；声明；（向神父的）忏悔

参考例句：

• It is strictly forbidden to obtain confessions and to give them credence. 严禁逼供信。 来自《现代汉英综合大词典》
• Neither trickery nor coercion is used to secure confessions. 既不诱供也不逼供。 来自《现代汉英综合大词典》

11 spoke   

n.（车轮的）辐条；轮辐；破坏某人的计划；阻挠某人的行动 v.讲，谈（speak的过去式）；说；演说；从某种观点来说

参考例句：

• They sourced the spoke nuts from our company.他们的轮辐螺帽是从我们公司获得的。
• The spokes of a wheel are the bars that connect the outer ring to the centre.辐条是轮子上连接外圈与中心的条棒。

12 laments   

n.悲恸，哀歌，挽歌( lament的名词复数 )v.（为…）哀悼，痛哭，悲伤( lament的第三人称单数 )

参考例句：

• In the poem he laments the destruction of the countryside. 在那首诗里他对乡村遭到的破坏流露出悲哀。
• In this book he laments the slight interest shown in his writings. 在该书中他慨叹人们对他的著作兴趣微弱。 来自辞典例句

13 mentality   

n.心理，思想，脑力

参考例句：

• He has many years'experience of the criminal mentality.他研究犯罪心理有多年经验。
• Running a business requires a very different mentality from being a salaried employee.经营企业所要求具备的心态和上班族的心态截然不同。

14 specially   

adv.特定地；特殊地；明确地

参考例句：

• They are specially packaged so that they stack easily.它们经过特别包装以便于堆放。
• The machine was designed specially for demolishing old buildings.这种机器是专为拆毁旧楼房而设计的。

15 admonish   

v.训戒；警告；劝告

参考例句：

• I will tactfully admonish him not to behave like this again.我会婉转的规诫他不要再这样做。
• Admonish your friends privately,but praise them openly.要私下告戒朋友，但是要公开夸奖朋友。

16 opposition   

n.反对，敌对

参考例句：

• The party leader is facing opposition in his own backyard.该党领袖在自己的党內遇到了反对。
• The police tried to break down the prisoner's opposition.警察设法制住了那个囚犯的反抗。

17 oppositions   

（强烈的）反对( opposition的名词复数 )； 反对党； （事业、竞赛、游戏等的）对手； 对比

参考例句：

• That's fine because all perihelic oppositions of Mars are spectacular. 但它和最近的几次区别不大，因为火星所有的近日对冲都很壮观。
• He tried his best to bear down all of his oppositions. 他尽全力击败一切反对意见。

18 dissent   

n./v.不同意，持异议

参考例句：

• It is too late now to make any dissent.现在提出异议太晚了。
• He felt her shoulders gave a wriggle of dissent.他感到她的肩膀因为不同意而动了一下。

19 contention   

n.争论，争辩，论战；论点，主张

参考例句：

• The pay increase is the key point of contention. 加薪是争论的焦点。
• The real bone of contention,as you know,is money.你知道，争论的真正焦点是钱的问题。

20 cardinals   

红衣主教( cardinal的名词复数 )； 红衣凤头鸟（见于北美，雄鸟为鲜红色）； 基数

参考例句：

• cardinals in scarlet robes 身披红袍的枢机主教
• A conclave of cardinals was held to elect the new Pope. 红衣主教团举行了秘密会议来选举新教皇。

21 conclave   

n.秘密会议，红衣主教团

参考例句：

• Signore,I ask and I prey,that you break this conclave.各位阁下，我请求，并祈祷，你们能停止这次秘密会议。
• I met my partner at that conclave and my life moved into a huge shift.我就是在那次大会上遇到了我的伴侣的，而我的生活就转向了一个巨大的改变。

22 analysts   

分析家，化验员( analyst的名词复数 )

参考例句：

• City analysts forecast huge profits this year. 伦敦金融分析家预测今年的利润非常丰厚。
• I was impressed by the high calibre of the researchers and analysts. 研究人员和分析人员的高素质给我留下了深刻印象。

23 privately   

adv.以私人的身份，悄悄地，私下地

参考例句：

• Some ministers admit privately that unemployment could continue to rise.一些部长私下承认失业率可能继续升高。
• The man privately admits that his motive is profits.那人私下承认他的动机是为了牟利。

24 bishops   

（基督教某些教派管辖大教区的）主教( bishop的名词复数 )； （国际象棋的）象

参考例句：

• Each player has two bishops at the start of the game. 棋赛开始时，每名棋手有两只象。
• "Only sheriffs and bishops and rich people and kings, and such like. “他劫富济贫，抢的都是郡长、主教、国王之类的富人。

25 determined   

adj.坚定的；有决心的

参考例句：

• I have determined on going to Tibet after graduation.我已决定毕业后去西藏。
• He determined to view the rooms behind the office.他决定查看一下办公室后面的房间。