美国国家公共电台 NPR Pregnant Women Should Still Get The Flu Vaccine, Doctors Advise

 

DAVID GREENE, HOST:

The flu can be especially dangerous for women who are pregnant. NPR's Rebecca Hersher reports that researchers have been studying the flu vaccine¹ in pregnant women and recently they published some unexpected findings.

REBECCA HERSHER, BYLINE²: Let's be clear right off the bat. Obstetricians and researchers agree that pregnant women should get the flu shot to protect themselves and their fetuses³. Edward Belongia runs the Center for Clinical Epidemiology and Population Health at Wisconsin's Marshfield Clinic.

EDWARD BELONGIA: It's been recognized for a long time, but I think it became particularly apparent during the pandemic that pregnant women were at particular risk for having severe flu complications.

HERSHER: That's the 2009 H1N1 pandemic. Another thing that pandemic did was raise questions at the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention about how the H1N1 vaccine affects pregnant women. Belongia and his colleagues had studied a previous vaccine and didn't find any safety issues during pregnancy⁴ with that one so the CDC asked them to follow up with another study on the new flu shot. They fully⁵ expected to get the same results, but...

BELONGIA: This was an unexpected safety signal. This was not what we were looking for.

HERSHER: They found an association between the new flu shot and miscarriage⁶ in women who got the flu vaccine during the first trimester of pregnancy. They did not find a causal relationship between the two. The results are very preliminary, and there are lots of reasons why somebody can miscarry.

BELONGIA: Of course, we knew this would be controversial when it's published.

HERSHER: Still they had to publish. That's how science and medicine make progress. Plus...

BELONGIA: I believe the best approach with the public is to be very clear and open and transparent⁷ about here's what we know, here are the limitations, here's why we still recommend the flu vaccine during pregnancy.

HERSHER: The overall scientific data still overwhelmingly supports giving the flu shot to pregnant women. It also protects newborn babies who can't get the flu shot until after six months. In reaction to the new study, the American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists released a statement reminding doctors and pregnant women that flu shots are a, quote, "essential element of prenatal care" and says it's watching the follow-up studies on the topic closely. Women who are concerned should talk to their obstetrician about the best timing⁸ for their flu shot. Rebecca Hersher, NPR News.

1 vaccine   

n.牛痘苗，疫苗；adj.牛痘的，疫苗的

参考例句：

• The polio vaccine has saved millions of lives.脊髓灰质炎疫苗挽救了数以百万计的生命。
• She takes a vaccine against influenza every fall.她每年秋季接种流感疫苗。

2 byline   

n.署名；v.署名

参考例句：

• His byline was absent as well.他的署名也不见了。
• We wish to thank the author of this article which carries no byline.我们要感谢这篇文章的那位没有署名的作者。

3 fetuses   

n.胎，胎儿( fetus的名词复数 )

参考例句：

• DNA was extracted from fetuses at mid-gestation, about 10 days past conception. DNA从受孕大约10天后的中期妊娠胚胎中提取。 来自互联网
• Brucellosis is a disease that causes fetuses to abort in cattle. 普鲁士菌病是一种可以导致牲畜胎儿夭折的疾病。 来自互联网

4 pregnancy   

n.怀孕，怀孕期

参考例句：

• Early pregnancy is often accompanied by nausea.怀孕早期常有恶心的现象。
• Smoking during pregnancy increases the risk of miscarriage.怀孕期吸烟会增加流产的危险。

5 fully   

adv.完全地，全部地，彻底地；充分地

参考例句：

• The doctor asked me to breathe in,then to breathe out fully.医生让我先吸气，然后全部呼出。
• They soon became fully integrated into the local community.他们很快就完全融入了当地人的圈子。

6 miscarriage   

n.失败，未达到预期的结果；流产

参考例句：

• The miscarriage of our plans was a great blow.计划的失败给我们以巨大的打击。
• Women who smoke are more to have a miscarriage.女性吸烟者更容易流产。

7 transparent   

adj.明显的，无疑的；透明的

参考例句：

• The water is so transparent that we can see the fishes swimming.水清澈透明，可以看到鱼儿游来游去。
• The window glass is transparent.窗玻璃是透明的。

8 timing   

n.时间安排，时间选择

参考例句：

• The timing of the meeting is not convenient.会议的时间安排不合适。
• The timing of our statement is very opportune.我们发表声明选择的时机很恰当。