美国国家公共电台 NPR Pediatricians Call For Universal Depression Screening For Teens

 

RACHEL MARTIN, HOST:

As any parent of a teenager can tell you, teens can be moody¹ at the best of times. So how can you tell if something more serious is actually going on? The American Academy of Pediatrics is today releasing new guidelines aimed at flagging and treating teen depression. NPR's Allison Aubrey reports that as many as 1 in 5 teens experience bouts² of depression, but many do not get help.

ALLISON AUBREY, BYLINE³: It's not uncommon⁴ for teenagers to withdraw from their parents, to cut them out of communication. And sometimes, parents don't want to pry⁵. Adolescent psychiatrist⁶ Rachel Zuckerbrot says this dynamic is one reason teen depression can go undetected.

RACHEL ZUCKERBROT: So often people are suffering on the inside, but it might not be obvious on the outside. And sometimes it gets misdiagnosed because sometimes teenagers who are depressed⁷ are actually acting⁸ out and misbehaving, and instead, they are looked at as being hostile or bad when in fact they're really suffering from depression.

AUBREY: Zuckerbrot says this is a problem. She's an associate professor of clinical psychiatry⁹ at Columbia.

ZUCKERBROT: Most teenagers with depression don't get access to mental health care. In fact, about 50 percent of teenagers don't even get diagnosed.

AUBREY: To address this, the American Academy of Pediatrics' new guidelines call for universal screening for teen depression.

ZUCKERBROT: What we're endorsing¹⁰ is that everyone who is 12 and up be given, at least once a year for their school physicals or their sports physicals, a depression screen that is a self-report questionnaire.

AUBREY: Zuckerbrot helped write the new guidelines, which have been in the works for a while. She says teens tend to be more honest when they're not face to face with an adult asking questions. So they can fill out the questionnaires in private.

ZUCKERBROT: These questionnaires ask about whether they've been sad and irritable¹¹. They ask about whether things that used to be interesting to them are now boring. They ask if they're having difficulty with sleep, either too much sleep or too little sleep.

AUBREY: The recommendations also call for families with a depressed teen to come up with a safety plan.

ZUCKERBROT: We do want to make sure as part of safety planning that firearms are locked up, that alcohol is either put away and locked up or gotten rid of.

AUBREY: Zuckerbrot says families also need to know where to go.

ZUCKERBROT: Parents go to their pediatrician for vaccinations¹², for a high fever but don't realize that when there are emotional problems or behavioral problems that their pediatrician is going to be an excellent resource.

AUBREY: And often the best place to start. Allison Aubrey, NPR News.

1 moody   

adj.心情不稳的，易怒的，喜怒无常的

参考例句：

• He relapsed into a moody silence.他又重新陷于忧郁的沉默中。
• I'd never marry that girl.She's so moody.我决不会和那女孩结婚的。她太易怒了。

2 bouts   

n.拳击（或摔跤）比赛( bout的名词复数 )；一段（工作）；（尤指坏事的）一通；（疾病的）发作

参考例句：

• For much of his life he suffered from recurrent bouts of depression. 他的大半辈子反复发作抑郁症。 来自《简明英汉词典》
• It was one of fistiana's most famous championship bouts. 这是拳击界最有名的冠军赛之一。 来自《现代英汉综合大词典》

3 byline   

n.署名；v.署名

参考例句：

• His byline was absent as well.他的署名也不见了。
• We wish to thank the author of this article which carries no byline.我们要感谢这篇文章的那位没有署名的作者。

4 uncommon   

adj.罕见的，非凡的，不平常的

参考例句：

• Such attitudes were not at all uncommon thirty years ago.这些看法在30年前很常见。
• Phil has uncommon intelligence.菲尔智力超群。

5 pry   

vi.窥(刺)探，打听；vt.撬动(开，起)

参考例句：

• He's always ready to pry into other people's business.他总爱探听别人的事。
• We use an iron bar to pry open the box.我们用铁棍撬开箱子。

6 psychiatrist   

n.精神病专家；精神病医师

参考例句：

• He went to a psychiatrist about his compulsive gambling.他去看精神科医生治疗不能自拔的赌瘾。
• The psychiatrist corrected him gently.精神病医师彬彬有礼地纠正他。

7 depressed   

adj.沮丧的，抑郁的，不景气的，萧条的

参考例句：

• When he was depressed,he felt utterly divorced from reality.他心情沮丧时就感到完全脱离了现实。
• His mother was depressed by the sad news.这个坏消息使他的母亲意志消沉。

8 acting   

n.演戏，行为，假装；adj.代理的，临时的，演出用的

参考例句：

• Ignore her,she's just acting.别理她，她只是假装的。
• During the seventies,her acting career was in eclipse.在七十年代，她的表演生涯黯然失色。

9 psychiatry   

n.精神病学，精神病疗法

参考例句：

• The study appeared in the Amercian science Journal of Psychiatry.这个研究发表在美国精神病学的杂志上。
• A physician is someone who specializes in psychiatry.精神病专家是专门从事精神病治疗的人。

10 endorsing   

v.赞同( endorse的现在分词 )；在（尤指支票的）背面签字；在（文件的）背面写评论；在广告上说本人使用并赞同某产品

参考例句：

• Yet Communist leaders are also publicly endorsing religion in an unprecedented way. 不过，共产党领导层对宗教信仰的公开认可也是以前不曾有过的。 来自互联网
• Connecticut Independent Senator Joseph Lieberman is endorsing Republican Senator John McCain. 康涅狄格州独立派参议员约瑟夫。列波曼将会票选共和议员约翰。麦凯恩。 来自互联网

11 irritable   

adj.急躁的；过敏的；易怒的

参考例句：

• He gets irritable when he's got toothache.他牙一疼就很容易发脾气。
• Our teacher is an irritable old lady.She gets angry easily.我们的老师是位脾气急躁的老太太。她很容易生气。

12 vaccinations   

n.种痘，接种( vaccination的名词复数 )；牛痘疤

参考例句：

• Vaccinations ensure one against diseases. 接种疫苗可以预防疾病。 来自《简明英汉词典》
• I read some publicity about vaccinations while waiting my turn at the doctor's. 在医生那儿候诊时，我读了一些关于接种疫苗的宣传。 来自《简明英汉词典》